1、ETSI EN 302 078 1.1.1 (2003-03) European Sfandard (Telecommunicafions series) Fixed Radio Systems; Mu I ti point an ten nas; Circularly polarized antennas for multipoint fixed radio systems in the 1 GHz to 11 GHz band 2 ETSI EN 302 078 VI .I .I (2003-03) Reference DEN/TM-04134 Keywords antenna, CDMA
2、, DFRS, DRRS, FDMA, multipoint, radio, RLL, TDMA, transmission ETSI 650 Route des Lucioles F-O6921 Sophia Antipolis Cedex - FRANCE Tel.: +33 4 92 94 42 O0 Fax: +33 4 93 65 47 16 Siret No 348 623 562 00017 - NAF 742 C Association but non lucratif enregistre la Sous-prfecture de Grasse (06) No 7803/88
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6、he copyright and the foregoing restriction extend to reproduction in all media. O European Telecommunications Standards Institute 2003. All rights reserved. DECTTM, PLUGTESTSTMand UMTSTMare Trade Marks of ETSI registered for the benefit of its Members. TIPHONTM and the TIPHON logo are Trade Marks cu
7、rrently being registered by ETSI for the benefit of its Members. 3GPPTM is a Trade Mark of ETSI registered for the benefit of its Members and of the 3GPP Organizational Partners. ETSI 3 ETSI EN 302 078 VI . 1 . 1 (2003-03) Contents Intellectual Property Rights 4 Foreword . 4 Introduction 4 1 Scope 5
8、 2 References 5 3 Definitions. symbols and abbreviations . 5 3.1 5 3.2 7 3.3 7 4 Frequency bands . 7 5 Types of antennas . 7 5.1 Antenna types . 7 5.2 Antenna classifications . 8 5.2.1 Central Station (CS) classes 8 5.2.2 Terminal Station (TS) classes . 8 6 Electrical characteristics . 9 6.1 Termina
9、l Station (TS) antennas 9 6.1.1 TS Radiation Pattern Envelopes (RPE) 9 6.1.1.1 10 6.1.1.2 11 6.1.1.3 12 6.1.1.4 13 6.1.2 Terminal Station (TS) mini 14 6.2 Central Station (CS) sectored antenna 14 6.2.1 CS azimuth Radiation Pattern Env 14 6.2.2 Minimum boresight gain, sectore 16 6.3 Central Station (
10、CS) omni-directional a 17 6.4 Central Station (CS) omni and sectored 17 6.4.1 Symmetric elevation RPEs 17 Radomes . 19 6.5 6.6 Antenna polarization 19 7 Conformance tests 19 Range 1 (1 ,O GHz to 3, O GHz) Range 2 (3, O GHz to 5, 9 GHz) Range 3 (5, 9 GHz to 8, 5 GHz) Range 4 (8, 5 GHz to 11, O GH 6.4
11、.2 Asymmetric elevation patterns 18 Annex A (informative): Antenna characteristics . 20 A . 1 Mechanical characteristics . 20 A . 1.1 Environmental characteristics 20 A . 1.2 Antenna stability 20 A.2 Antenna input connectors . 20 A.3 VSWR at the input ports 21 A.4 Inter-port isolation 21 A.5 Antenna
12、 labelling . 21 A.6 Passive InterModulation performance 21 Annex B (informative): Bibliography . 22 History 23 ETSI 4 ETSI EN 302 078 VI .I .I (2003-03) Intellectual Property Rights IPRs essential or potentially essential to the present document may have been declared to ETSI. The information pertai
13、ning to these essential IPRs, if any, is publicly available for ETSI members and non-members, and can be found in ETSI SR O00 3 14: “Intellectual Property Rights (7PRs); Essential, orpotentially Essential, IPRs notlJied to ETSI in respect ofETSI standards“, which is available from the ETSI Secretari
14、at. Latest updates are available on the ETSI Web server (5). All published ETSI deliverables shall include information which directs the reader to the above source of information. Foreword This European Standard (Telecommunications series) has been produced by ETSI Technical Committee Transmission a
15、nd Multiplexing (TM). Antennas as components for radio relay systems may need to meet environmental, mechanical and electrical characteristics not covered by the present document, in order that the systems will operate as intended. Additional parameters and characteristics may be subject to agreemen
16、t between the equipment purchaser and the supplier; these are considered and guidance is provided in annex A. National transposition dates Date of adoption of this EN: Date of latest announcement of this EN (doa): Date of latest publication of new National Standard or endorsement of this EN (dop/e):
17、 Date of withdrawal of any conflicting National Standard (dow): 14 March 2003 30 June 2003 3 1 December 2003 3 1 December 2003 I n t rod uct ion The purpose of the present document is to defie the requirements for circularly polarized antennas used in conjunction with multipoint systems necessary to
18、 facilitate frequency Co-ordination between services in the frequency band 1 GHz to 11 GHz. ETSI 5 ETSI EN 302 078 VI .I .I (2003-03) 1 Scope The present document specifies the essential electrical requirements for circular polarization fixed beam antennas to be utilized with Multipoint (MP) systems
19、, including central station, repeater stations, and terminal station applications, operating in frequency bands from 1 GHz to 11 GHz. These systems use various multiple access schemes. Electronically steerable antennas, and linearly polarized antennas are not considered under the present document. W
20、here circumstances merit, and after a consultation period with operators and manufacturers, the Regulatory Authority may impose the use of tighter requirements than the minimum values given in the present document, in order to maximize the use of scarce spectrum resources. 2 Re fe re nces The follow
21、ing documents contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of the present document. References are either specific (identified by date of publication andor edition number or version number) or non-specific. For a specific reference, subsequent revisions do not appl
22、y. For a non-specific reference, the latest version applies. Referenced documents which are not found to be publicly available in the expected location might be found at htlu:/docbox.etsi.or:eerence. il ETSI EN 301 126-3-2: “Fixed Radio Systems; Conformance testing; Part 3-2: Point-to-Multipoint ant
23、ennas - Definitions, general requirements and test procedures“. ETSI ETS 300 019-1-4: “Equipment Engineering (EE); Environmental conditions and environmental tests for telecommunications equipment; Part 1-4: Classification of environmental conditions; Stationary use at non-weatherprotected locations
24、“. SFS-EN 122150: “Sectional specification: Radio frequency coaxial connectors - Series EIA flange“. IEC 60339- 1 : “General purpose rigid coaxial transmission lines and their associated flange connectors. Part 1 : General requirements and measuring methods“. IEC 60339-2: “General purpose rigid coax
25、ial transmission lines and their associated flange connectors - Part 2: Detail specifications“. IEC 60 169- 1 : “Radio-frequency connectors. Part 1 : General requirements and measuring methods“. 21 31 41 51 61 3 Definitions, symbols and abbreviations 3.1 De fi nit ions For the purposes of the presen
26、t document, the following terms and definitions apply: antenna: part of the transmitting or receiving system that is designed to radiate or receive electromagnetic waves axial ratio: ratio of maximum to minimum power contained in the field components of the polarization ellipse boresight: axis of th
27、e main beam in a directional antenna ETSI 6 ETSI EN 302 078 VI .I .I (2003-03) Central Station (CS): base station which communicates with many terminal stations, and in some cases repeater stations Co-polar pattern: diagram representing the radiation pattern of a test antenna when the reference ante
28、nna is similarly polarized, scaled in dB relative to the peak measured antenna gain at the test frequency cross-polar pattern: diagram representing the radiation pattern of a test antenna when the reference antenna is polarized in the opposite sense, scaled in dB relative to the measured maximum Co-
29、polar pattern fixed beam: radiation pattern in use is fixed relative to a defined mechanical reference plane gain: ratio of the radiation intensity, in a given direction, to the radiation intensity that would be obtained if the power accepted by the antenna was radiated isotropically half power beam
30、width: angle between the two directions at which the measured Co-polar pattern is 3 dB below the value on the main beam axis input port): flange(s) or connector(s) through which access to the antenna is provided inter-port isolation: ratio in dB of the power level applied to one port of a multi-port
31、 antenna to the power level received in any other port of the same antenna as a function of frequency isotropic radiator: hypothetical, lossless antenna having equal radiation intensity in all directions left hand (anticlockwise) polarized wave: elliptically - or circularly - polarized wave, in whic
32、h the electric field vector, observed in any fixed plane, normal to the direction of propagation, rotates in time in a left-hand or anticlockwise direction main beam: radiation lobe containing the direction of maximum radiation main beam axis: direction for which the radiation intensity is maximum m
33、echanical tilt: fixed angular shift in elevation of the antenna main beam axis by a change to the physical mounting radiation pattern: diagram relating power flux density at a constant distance from the antenna to the direction relative to the antenna main beam axis Radiation Pattern Envelope (WE):
34、envelope below which the radiation pattern shall fit radome: cover of dielectric material, intended to protect an antenna from the effects of its physical environment. Repeater Station (RS): radio station providing the connection via the air to the central station, the terminal stations and other re
35、peater stations NOTE: The repeater station may also provide the interfaces to the subscriber equipment if applicable. right hand (clockwise) polarized wave: elliptically - or circularly - polarized wave, in which the electric field vector, observed in any fixed plane, normal to the direction of prop
36、agation, rotates in time in a right-hand or clockwise direction sector angle: declared angle of coverage in azimuth of a sectored antenna, defined as 2a in EN 302 078 Terminal Station (TS): remote (out) station which communicates with a central station tilt: fixed, angular shift of the antenna main
37、beam axis (boresight) in the elevation plane by either electrical, electronic or mechanical means zero degree reference direction: declared direction as reference to the antenna mechanical characteristics, used as reference for RPE ETSI 7 ETSI EN 302 078 VI .I .I (2003-03) 3.2 Symbols For the purpos
38、es of the present document, the following symbols apply: dBiC dBi GHz Gigahertz MHz Megahertz a f0 Decibels relative to an isotropic circularly polarized source Decibels relative to an isotropic radiator Alpha (= half the sector angle) Nominal centre frequency of declared antenna operating range 3.3
39、 Abbreviations For the purposes of the present document, the following abbreviations apply: cs HPBW LHCP MP PIM P-MP RHCP RPE RS TS VSWR Central Station Half Power Beamwidth Left Hand Circular Polarization MultiPoint Passive InterModulation Point-to-Multipoint Right Hand Circular Polarization Radiat
40、ion Pattern Envelope Repeater Station Terminal Station Voltage Standing Wave Ratio 4 Frequency bands For the purpose of the present document, the overall frequency bands 1 GHz to 11 GHz are divided into four ranges as follows: Range 1 1 GHz to 3 GHz Range 2 Range 3 Range 4 3 GHz to 5,9 GHz 5,9 GHz t
41、o 8,5 GHz 8,5 GHz to 11 GHz 5 Types of antennas 5.1 Antenna types The present document addresses fixed beam antennas used in the central (CS) and terminal (TS) stations including repeaters (RS). The antennas are used in a system which can generally be described as in figure 1. ETSI 8 ETSI EN 302 078
42、 VI .I .I (2003-03) cs TS RS Central Station, which is linked to remote stations (repeater or terminal stations) by microwave transmission paths. Terminal Station (outstation with subscriber intetfaces). Repeater Station (radio repeater outstation with or without subscriber intetfaces). An RS may se
43、rve one or more TSs. Figure 1 : General multipoint system architecture The antennas shall be grouped into the following types: Central and Repeater Stations: Omni-directional; - Sectored; - Directional, as per Terminal Stations; Terminal Stations: - Directional. 5.2 Antenna classifications 5.2.1 Cen
44、tral Station (CS) classes The appropriate Radiation Pattern Envelopes (RPE) are CS, CS1, CS2 and CS3. 5.2.2 Terminal Station (TS) classes The Radiation Pattern Envelopes (RPE) are TS1, up to as high as TS5, in the four frequency ranges. Note that not all ranges have 5 classes. ETSI 9 ETSI EN 302 078
45、 VI .I .I (2003-03) 6 Electrical characteristics The present document defines several types of CS and TS antennas. For the purpose of the present document, an antenna is specific to a type, class, the frequency range of operation and the mid-band gain. An antenna which employs a radome shall meet th
46、e requirements of the present document with the radome in place. A O“ reference direction shall be defined for each antenna. The radiation characteristics in the present document are all referred to this O“ reference direction. RPE(s) and gains of defined antenna types and classes are described late
47、r in the present document. The copolar and crosspolar radiation patterns for both azimuth and elevation shall not exceed the RPE(s) defined in the present document. 6.1 Terminal Station (TS) antennas The RPEs and gain parameters apply for antennas using either RHCP and LHCP. 6.1.1 TS Radiation Patte
48、rn Envelopes (RPE) The Co-polar and cross-polar radiation patterns for both azimuth and elevation (unless otherwise stated) shall not exceed the RPEs defined in the following list of tables. Figure 2 indicates a typical normalized template, although the number of points in the CO- and cross-polar te
49、mplates may vary. Range 1 (1 ,O GHz to 3,O GHz) Range 2 (3,O GHz to 5,9 GHz) Range 3 (5,9 GHz to 8,5 GHz) Range 4 (8,5 GHz to 11,O GHz) Class TS 1: Class TS 2: Class TS 3: Class TS 1: Class TS 2: Class TS 3: Class TS 4: Class TS 5: Class TS 1: Class TS 2: Class TS 3: Class TS 1: Class TS 2: Class TS 3: Table 1 Table 2 Table 3 Table 4 Table 5 Table 6 Table 7 Table 8 Table 9 Table 10 Table 11 Table 12 Table 13 Table 14 The gain values defined are all relative to maximum, actual gain. ETSI 10 PI P2 P3 P4 ETSI EN 302 078 VI .I .I (2003-03) 30 O 60 -5 110 -14 i ao -1 6 PO PI
