1、 ETSI EN 302 017-2 V1.1.1 (2005-09)Candidate Harmonized European Standard (Telecommunications series) Electromagnetic compatibilityand Radio spectrum Matters (ERM);Transmitting equipment for the Amplitude Modulated (AM)sound broadcasting service;Part 2: Harmonized EN under article 3.2of the R Essent
2、ial, or potentially Essential, IPRs notified to ETSI in respect of ETSI standards“, which is available from the ETSI Secretariat. Latest updates are available on the ETSI Web server (http:/webapp.etsi.org/IPR/home.asp). Pursuant to the ETSI IPR Policy, no investigation, including IPR searches, has b
3、een carried out by ETSI. No guarantee can be given as to the existence of other IPRs not referenced in ETSI SR 000 314 (or the updates on the ETSI Web server) which are, or may be, or may become, essential to the present document. Foreword This Candidate Harmonized European Standard (Telecommunicati
4、ons series) has been produced by ETSI Technical Committee Electromagnetic compatibility and Radio spectrum Matters (ERM). The present document has been produced by ETSI in response to a mandate from the European Commission issued under Council Directive 98/34/EC 1 (as amended) laying down a procedur
5、e for the provision of information in the field of technical standards and regulations. The present document is intended to become a Harmonized Standard, the reference of which will be published in the Official Journal of the European Communities referencing the Directive 1999/5/EC 2 of the European
6、 Parliament and of the Council of 9 March 1999 on radio equipment and telecommunications terminal equipment and the mutual recognition of their conformity (“the R Part 2: “Harmonized EN under article 3.2 of the R it provides scope for standards to be added: - under article 3.2 when new frequency ban
7、ds are agreed; or - under article 3.3 should the Commission take the necessary decisions without requiring alteration of standards that are already published; it clarifies, simplifies and promotes the usage of Harmonized Standards as the relevant means of conformity assessment. Other documents direc
8、tly associated with the present document: EN 302 017-1 5; EN 301 489-11 6. ETSI ETSI EN 302 017-2 V1.1.1 (2005-09) 8 1 Scope The present document applies to Double Side Band Transmitting equipment for the Amplitude-modulated sound broadcasting service. The types of equipment covered by the present d
9、ocument are as follows: Transmitting equipment for Amplitude Modulated sound broadcasting service operating in the LF, MF and HF bands. The present document is intended to cover the provisions of article 3.2 of Directive 1999/5/EC 2 (R Transmitting equipment for the Amplitude Modulated (AM) sound br
10、oadcasting service; Part 1: Technical characteristics and test methods“. 6 ETSI EN 301 489-11 (V1.2.1): “Electromagnetic compatibility and Radio spectrum Matters (ERM); ElectroMagnetic Compatibility (EMC) standard for radio equipment and services; Part 11: Specific conditions for terrestrial sound b
11、roadcasting service transmitters“. 7 CENELEC EN 55011 (1998): “Industrial, scientific and medical (ISM) radio-frequency equipment - Radio disturbance characteristics - Limits and methods of measurement“. ETSI ETSI EN 302 017-2 V1.1.1 (2005-09) 9 8 IEC 60489-1 (1983 - including amendments 1 and 2): “
12、Methods of measurement for radio equipment used in the mobile services. Part 1: General definitions and standard conditions of measurement“. 9 ETSI TR 100 028 (V1.4.1) (all parts): “Electromagnetic compatibility and Radio spectrum Matters (ERM); Uncertainties in the measurement of mobile radio equip
13、ment characteristics“. 10 ITU-R Recommendation SM.329-10 (2003): “Unwanted emissions in the spurious domain“. 3 Definitions, symbols and abbreviations 3.1 Definitions For the purposes of the present document, the following terms and definitions apply: antenna port: port of an apparatus which is desi
14、gned, in normal operation, to be connected to an antenna using coaxial cable broadcasting service: radiocommunication service in which the transmissions are intended for direct reception by the general public NOTE: This service may include sound transmissions, television transmissions or other types
15、 of transmission. cabinet radiation: radiation from an enclosure containing, equipment, excluding radiation from connected antennas or cables channel bandwidth: frequency band of defined width (as a multiple of the carrier grid) including safety margin for operation on adjacent channels, located sym
16、metrically around a carrier frequency in the carrier grid carrier power: average power supplied to the antenna port by a transmitter during one cycle taken under the condition of no modulation class of emission: set of characteristics of an emission, designated by standard symbols, e.g. type of modu
17、lation of the main carrier, modulating signal, type of information to be transmitted, and also, if appropriate, any additional signal characteristics dBc: decibels relative to the unmodulated carrier power of the emission NOTE: In the cases which do not have a carrier, for example in some digital mo
18、dulation schemes where the carrier is not accessible for measurement, the reference level equivalent to dBc is decibels relative to the mean power P. enclosure port: physical boundary of the apparatus through which electromagnetic fields may radiate or impinge NOTE: In the case of integral antenna e
19、quipment, this port is inseparable from the antenna port. environmental profile: range of environmental conditions under which equipment within the scope of EN 302 017-2 is required to comply with the provisions of EN 302 017-2 harmonic: component of order greater than 1 of the Fourier series of a p
20、eriodic quantity harmonic number: integral number given by the ratio of the frequency of a harmonic to the fundamental frequency (2ndharmonic = 2 fundamental frequency) intermodulation products: unwanted frequencies resulting from intermodulation between carriers or harmonics of emission, or between
21、 any oscillations generated to produce the carrier mean power: average power supplied to the antenna port by a transmitter during an interval of time sufficiently long compared with the lowest frequency encountered in the modulation envelope taken under normal operating conditions necessary bandwidt
22、h: for a given class of emission, the width of the frequency band which is sufficient to ensure the transmission of information at the rate and with the quality required under specified conditions ETSI ETSI EN 302 017-2 V1.1.1 (2005-09) 10out-of-band emissions: emission on a frequency or frequencies
23、 immediately outside the necessary bandwidth which results from the modulation process, but excluding spurious emissions reference bandwidth: bandwidth in which the spurious emission level is specified spurious emissions: emission on a frequency or frequencies which are outside the necessary bandwid
24、th and the level of which may be reduced without affecting the corresponding transmission of information NOTE: Spurious emissions include harmonic emissions, parasitic emissions, intermodulation products and frequency conversion products but exclude out of band emissions. unwanted emissions: spuriou
25、s emissions and out of band emissions 3.2 Symbols For the purposes of the present document, the following symbol applies: micro (10-6) 3.3 Abbreviations For the purposes of the present document, the following abbreviations apply: AF Audio Frequency AM Amplitude Modulation dB deciBel, logarithmic rat
26、io (tenths of a “Bel“) dBm dB relative to one milliwatt EMC ElectroMagnetic CompatibilityEUT Equipment Under Test F Farad H HenryHF High Frequency LF Low FrequencyLV Low Voltage MF Medium Frequency R b) the highest operating frequency of the EUT; c) a frequency mid-way between a) and b) above. Test
27、arrangement (see figure A.1): 1) the measurement shall be done without any modulation ; 2) connect the EUT to the Test Load, via the Coupling Device; 3) connect the Spectrum Analyser to the Coupling Device. 4.2.1.2.2 Procedure 1) terminate the input of the transmitter as specified by the manufacture
28、r; 2) operate the EUT at each of the test frequencies as defined in clause 4.2.1.2.1; 3) measure the results on the Spectrum Analyser. 4.2.1.2.3 Test requirements The results obtained shall be compared to the limits in clause 4.2.1.3 in order to demonstrate compliance. 4.2.1.3 Limit Spurious emissio
29、ns shall not exceed the values set out in table 4.1, additionally shown in figure 4.1, for the frequency range 9 kHz to 1 GHz. Table 4.1: Spurious emission limits Mean power of the transmitter Limits Mean power absolute levels (dBm) or relative levels (dBc) below the mean power supplied to the anten
30、na port in the reference bandwidth (see annex A) All power ranges -50 dBc, without exceeding the absolute mean power of 50 mW (17 dBm) ETSI ETSI EN 302 017-2 V1.1.1 (2005-09) 12dBc-50-60-70-80-90mean power of the transmitter30 40 50 60 70 80 90 dBm1 W 10 W 100 W 1 kW 10 kW 100 kW 1 MW2,5 5 25 50 250
31、 500 2,5 5 250 50025 5017dBm(50 mW)Figure 4.1: Spurious emission limits 4.2.2 Transmitter muting during frequency shift 4.2.2.1 Definition The suppression of emissions during the re-tuning of transmitters. 4.2.2.2 Method of measurement (essential test suite) 4.2.2.2.1 Initial conditions Test environ
32、ment: the normal operating environment, as declared by the equipment manufacturer. Test frequencies: present frequency to desired frequency. Test arrangement (see figure A.1): 1) all ports unused at the time of testing shall be correctly terminated; 2) connect the EUT to the test load, via the coupl
33、ing device; 3) connect the measuring device to the coupling device. ETSI ETSI EN 302 017-2 V1.1.1 (2005-09) 134.2.2.2.2 Procedure 1) operate the EUT at the present frequency; 2) initiate frequency change; 3) observe the output signal on an oscilloscope. 4.2.2.2.3 Test requirements The results obtain
34、ed shall be compared to the limits in clause 4.2.2.3 in order to demonstrate compliance. 4.2.2.3 Limit The muting shall be as defined in clause 4.2.1.3. 4.2.3 Out-of-band emissions 4.2.3.1 Definition Emission on a frequency or frequencies immediately outside the necessary bandwidth, which results fr
35、om the modulation process, but excludes spurious emissions. 4.2.3.2 Method of measurement (essential test suite) 4.2.3.2.1 Initial conditions Test environment: the normal operating environment, as declared by the equipment manufacturer. Test frequencies: a) the lowest operating frequency of the EUT;
36、 b) the highest operating frequency of the EUT; c) a frequency mid-way between a) and b) above. Test arrangement (see figure A.1): 1) connect the AF Signal Generator to the EUT; 2) connect the EUT to the Test Load, via the Coupling Device; 3) connect the Spectrum Analyser to the Coupling Device. 4.2
37、.3.2.2 Procedure 1) set the AF Signal Generator to deliver a test signal as defined in clause A.3; 2) operate the EUT at each of the test frequencies as defined in clause 4.2.3.2.1; 3) measure the results on the Spectrum Analyser: the measurement shall be repeated for at least 5 times and the result
38、s shall be averaged. The spectrum limits described in this clause for amplitude-modulated emissions for sound broadcasting have been deduced from measurements performed on transmitters which were modulated by weighted noise to an rms modulation factor of 35 % in the absence of any dynamic compressio
39、n of the signal amplitudes (see clause A.3). ETSI ETSI EN 302 017-2 V1.1.1 (2005-09) 144.2.3.2.3 Test requirements The results obtained shall be compared to the limits in clause 4.2.3.3 in order to demonstrate compliance. 4.2.3.3 Limit Out of band emissions shall not exceed the values set out in tab
40、le 4.2. Additionally the limits shown in figure 4.2 on a logarithmic frequency axis and in figure 4.3 on a linear axis. Relationship between the 0 dB reference level and the carrier level: The reference level 0 dB corresponds to power density that would exist if the total RF power, excluding the pow
41、er of the carrier, were distributed uniformly over the necessary bandwidth. The ratio B(dB) of 0 dB reference level to the carrier is given by the equation: FBm effrmsB2log102= where: mrms= rms modulation factor of the transmitter Beff= effective noise bandwidth of the analyser F = necessary bandwid
42、th for the emission Hence the reference level depends on the power of the sideband Ps, given by the formula: crmssPmP22= where: Pc= carrier power If frequency is plotted as the abscissa in logarithmic units and if the power densities are plotted as ordinates (dB) the curve representing the out-of-ba
43、nd spectrum should lie below two straight lines starting at point (0,5 F; 0 dB) or at point (-0,5 F; 0 dB) and finishing at point (0,7 F; -35 dB) or (-0,7 F; -35 dB) respectively. Beyond these points and down to the level of -60 dB, this curve should lie below two straight lines starting from the la
44、tter points and having a slope of 12 dB/octave. Thereafter, the same curve should lie below the level -60 dB. The ordinate of the curve so defined represents the average power intercepted by an analyser with an rms noise bandwidth of 100 Hz, the frequency of which is tuned to the frequency plotted o
45、n the abscissa. Table 4.2: Out-of-band emission limits Relative Frequency (f/F) Frequency difference (f) from the centre frequency at different channel bandwidths (F) (kHz) Relative level (dB) F=4,5 F=5 F=9 F=10 0,1 0,45 0,5 0,9 1 0 0,5 2,25 2,5 4,5 5 0 0,7 3,15 3,50 6,3 7 -35 1,4 6,3 7 12,6 14 -47
46、2,8 12,6 14 25,2 28 -59 2,952 13,28 14,76 26,57 29,52 -60 NOTE: Figure 4.2 is only a additional representation of the limits given in table 4.2. It is not representative of the output of a spectrum analyser. The slope outside 0,7 F is 12 dB per octave until the value of -60 dB is reached. ETSI ETSI
47、EN 302 017-2 V1.1.1 (2005-09) 15f0Ratio ofout-of-band powermeasuredin thereferencebandwidth tothe meanpower perreference bandwidth1F 5F-1F-5F-60-50-40-30-20-100dBFrequency difference from centre frequency (kHz)2,95F0,7F-0,7F-2,95FF-35Ratio ofout-of-band powermeasuredin thereferencebandwidth tothe ca
48、rrierpower (examples for F=9kHzand F=10kHz)dBc-31,70-66,7-91,7-32,1-67,1-92,1F=9kHzF=10kHz0Figure 4.2: Out of band emission limits shown on a logarithmic axis -60-50-40-30-20-100dBFrequency difference from centre frequency (kHz)f0-3F -2FFRatio ofout-of-band powermeasuredin the referencebandwidthto t
49、he meanpowerperreferencebandwidth-0.7F 0.7F-5F -1F 1F 2F 3F 5F-35Ratio ofout-of-band powermeasuredin the referencebandwidthto the carrier power(examplesfor F=9kHzand F=10kHz)dBc-31,70-66,7-91,7-32,1-67,1-92,1F=9kHzF=10kHz0Figure 4.3: Out of band emission limits shown on a linear axis ETSI ETSI EN 302 017-2 V1.1.1 (2005-09) 164.3 Enclosure port measurements (radiated emissions) 4.3.1 Cabinet radiation 4.3.1.1 Definition Emissions from the equipment, radiated from the enclosure port, other than those present at the antenna port. 4.3.1.2 Method
