1、BSI Standards PublicationWB11885_BSI_StandardCovs_2013_AW.indd 1 15/05/2013 15:06Clay Geosynthetic Barriers - Characteristics required for use in the construction of underground structures (other than tunnels and associated structures)BS EN 16994:2018National forewordThis British Standard is the UK
2、implementation of EN 16994:2018.The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee B/553, Geosynthetics.A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary.This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provision
3、s of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application. The British Standards Institution 2018 Published by BSI Standards Limited 2018ISBN 978 0 580 93475 9ICS 59.080.70; 91.100.50Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity from legal obligations. This British Standard was
4、published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 31 March 2018.Amendments/corrigenda issued since publicationDate Text affectedBRITISH STANDARDBS EN 16994:2018EUROPEAN STANDARDNORME EUROPENNEEUROPISCHE NORMEN 16994March 2018ICS 59.080.70; 91.100.50EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FO
5、R STANDARDIZATIONCOMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATIONEUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNGCEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels 2018 CEN Ref. No. EN 16994:2018: EAll rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national MembersClay Geosynthetic Barrier
6、s - Characteristics required for use in the construction of underground structures (other than tunnels and associated structures)Geosynthtiques Bentonitiques - Caractristiques requises pour lutilisation dans la construction de structures souterraines (hors tunnels et structures associes)Geosynthetis
7、che Tondichtungsbahnen - Eigenschaften, die fr die Anwendung beim Bau von Tiefbauwerken (andere als Tunnel und damit verbundene Tiefbauwerke) erforderlich sindThis European Standard was approved by CEN on 23 October 2017.CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which
8、 stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN member.This Europ
9、ean Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versions.CEN members are
10、the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Roma
11、nia, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and United Kingdom.English VersionEN 16994:2018 (E)European forewordThis document (EN 16994:2017) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 189 “Geosynthetics”, the secretariat of which is held by NBN.This European Standard sh
12、all be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by September 2018, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by December 2019.Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this
13、document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN and/or CENELEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.This document has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the European Free Trade Association.For relationship with Regulatio
14、n (EU) No 305/2011, see informative Annex ZA, which is an integral part of this document.According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organisations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czec
15、h Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United
16、 Kingdom.2BS EN 16994:2018EN 16994:2018 (E)IntroductionThis document allows manufacturers to describe clay geosynthetic barriers on the basis of declared values for characteristics relevant to the intended use and if tested to the specified method. It also includes procedures for assessment and veri
17、fication of constancy of performance (AVCP) including the factory production control.This document can also be used by designers, end-users and other interested parties as a tool to define relevant and appropriate characteristics for specifications.Tests for some non-mandated characteristics are sti
18、ll under study and will be included when the standard is revised.The term “product” used in this document refers to clay geosynthetic barriers only.This document is part of a group of standards, addressing the requirements for geosynthetic barriers when used in a specific application.Particular appl
19、ication cases can contain requirements about additional properties and - preferably standardized - test methods, if they are technically relevant and not conflicting with European Standards.The design life of the product should be determined, since its function may be temporary, as construction expe
20、diency, or permanent, for the lifetime of the structure.3BS EN 16994:2018EN 16994:2018 (E)European foreword 2Introduction . 3European foreword 5Introduction . 61 Scope . 72 Normative references 73 Terms, definitions and abbreviations 93.1 Terms and definitions . 93.2 Abbreviations 104 Characteristic
21、s and corresponding methods of test .114.1 General 114.2 Type of application . 114.2.1 General. 114.2.2 .Application 1: “Moisture and fluid barrier” 114.3 Relevant characteristics . 124.4 Characteristics relevant to specific conditions of use 134.4.1 General. 134.4.2 Burst strength and elongation 13
22、4.4.3 Chemical resistance 144.4.4 Resistance to wetting and drying . 144.4.5 Freezethaw cycle resistance 144.5 Release of dangerous substances . 145 Assessment and verification of constancy of performance (AVCP) 145.1 General 145.2 Type testing 145.2.1 General. 145.2.2 Test samples, testing and comp
23、liance criteria 155.2.3 Test reports 165.2.4 Shared other party results 165.2.5 Cascading determination of the product type results 165.3 Factory production control (FPC) 175.3.1 General. 175.3.2 Requirements 185.3.3 Product specific requirements 205.3.4 Initial inspection of factory and of FPC .215
24、.3.5 Continuous surveillance of FPC . 215.3.6 Procedure for modifications . 225.3.7 One-off products, pre-production products (e.g. prototypes) and products produced in very low quantity 22Annex A (normative) Durability of geosynthetic barriers 24Annex ZA (informative) Relationship of this European
25、Standard with Regulation (EU) No. 305/2011 44Bibliography .474Contents PageBS EN 16994:2018EN 16994:2018 (E)European forewordThis document (EN 16994:2017) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 189 “Geosynthetics”, the secretariat of which is held by NBN.This European Standard shall be give
26、n the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by September 2018, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by December 2019.Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document ma
27、y be the subject of patent rights. CEN and/or CENELEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.This document has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the European Free Trade Association.For relationship with Regulation (EU) No 3
28、05/2011, see informative Annex ZA, which is an integral part of this document.According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organisations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic,
29、 Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom.5B
30、S EN 16994:2018EN 16994:2018 (E)IntroductionThis document allows manufacturers to describe clay geosynthetic barriers on the basis of declared values for characteristics relevant to the intended use and if tested to the specified method. It also includes procedures for assessment and verification of
31、 constancy of performance (AVCP) including the factory production control.This document can also be used by designers, end-users and other interested parties as a tool to define relevant and appropriate characteristics for specifications.Tests for some non-mandated characteristics are still under st
32、udy and will be included when the standard is revised.The term “product” used in this document refers to clay geosynthetic barriers only.This document is part of a group of standards, addressing the requirements for geosynthetic barriers when used in a specific application.Particular application cas
33、es can contain requirements about additional properties and - preferably standardized - test methods, if they are technically relevant and not conflicting with European Standards.The design life of the product should be determined, since its function may be temporary, as construction expediency, or
34、permanent, for the lifetime of the structure.6BS EN 16994:2018EN 16994:2018 (E)1 ScopeThis document specifies the characteristics of clay geosynthetic barriers (GBR-C) as well as multicomponent geosynthetic clay barriers (e.g. a GBR-C with a polymeric or bituminous geosynthetic barrier attached to i
35、t), when used as fluid barriers and separation layer in the construction of underground structures (other than tunnels and associated structures), and the appropriate test methods to determine these characteristics.If in a multicomponent GBR-C, the GBR-P or GBR-B is the predominant hydraulic barrier
36、 then the appropriate standard should be used.The intended use of these products is to control the leakage of fluid through the construction wall.This document is not applicable to geotextiles or geotextile-related products as defined in EN ISO 10318-1.This document provides for the assessment and v
37、erification of constancy of performance (AVCP) of the product to this European Standard including factory production control procedures.This document defines characteristics to be considered with regard to the presentation of performance.This document does not cover applications where the geosynthet
38、ic barrier is to be in contact with water that has been treated for human consumption.NOTE Where potable water is or can be in direct contact with the product, other relevant standards, requirements and/or regulations can be considered for the design.2 Normative referencesThe following documents, in
39、 whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.EN 1296:2000, Flexible sheets for w
40、aterproofing Bitumen, plastic and rubber sheets for roofing Method of artificial ageing by long term exposure to elevated temperatureEN 1849-2:2009, Flexible sheets for waterproofing Determination of thickness and mass per unit area Part 2: Plastic and rubber sheetsEN 12224:2000, Geotextiles and geo
41、textile-related products Determination of the resistance to weatheringEN 12225:2000, Geotextiles and geotextile-related products Method for determining the microbiological resistance by a soil burial testEN 12226:2012, Geosynthetics General tests for evaluation following durability testingEN 12311-2
42、:2013, Flexible sheets for waterproofing Determination of tensile properties Part 2: Plastic and rubber sheets for roof waterproofingEN 13249:2016, Geotextiles and geotextile-related products Characteristics required for use in the construction of roads and other trafficked areas (excluding railways
43、 and asphalt inclusion)EN 13250:2016, Geotextiles and geotextile-related products Characteristics required for use in the construction of railwaysEN 13251:2016, Geotextiles and geotextile-related products Characteristics required for use in earthworks, foundations and retaining structuresEN 13252:20
44、16, Geotextiles and geotextile-related products Characteristics required for use in drainage systems7BS EN 16994:2018EN 16994:2018 (E)EN 13253:2016, Geotextiles and geotextile-related products Characteristics required for use in erosion control works (coastal protection, bank revetments)EN 13254:201
45、6, Geotextiles and geotextile-related products Characteristics required for the use in the construction of reservoirs and damsEN 13255:2016, Geotextiles and geotextile-related products Characteristics required for use in the construction of canalsEN 13256:2016, Geotextiles and geotextile-related pro
46、ducts Characteristics required for use in the construction of tunnels and underground structuresEN 13257:2016, Geotextiles and geotextile-related products Characteristics required for use in solid waste disposalsEN 13265:2016, Geotextiles and geotextile-related products Characteristics required for
47、use in liquid waste containment projectsEN 14151:2010, Geosynthetics Determination of burst strengthEN 14196:2016, Geosynthetics Test methods for measuring mass per unit area of clay geosynthetic barriersEN 14414:2015, Geosynthetics Screening test method for determining chemical resistance for landf
48、ill applicationsEN 14415:2004, Geosynthetic barriers Test method for determining the resistance to leachingCEN/TS 14417:2014, Geosynthetic barriers Test method for the determination of the influence of wetting-drying cycles on the permeability of clay geosynthetic barriersCEN/TS 14418:2014, Geosynth
49、etic Barriers Test method for the determination of the influence of freezing-thawing cycles on the permeability of clay geosynthetic barriersEN 14575:2005, Geosynthetic barriers Screening test method for determining the resistance to oxidationEN 14576:2005, Geosynthetics Test method for determining the resistance of polymeric geosynthetic barriers to environmental stress crackingEN 16416:2013, Geosynthetic clay barriers Determination of water flux index Flexible wall permeameter method at constant headEN ISO 527-3:19
