1、BRITISH STANDARDBS EN 14984:2006Liming materials Determination of product effect on soil pH Soil incubation methodThe European Standard EN 14984:2006 has the status of a British StandardICS 65.080g49g50g3g38g50g51g60g44g49g42g3g58g44g55g43g50g56g55g3g37g54g44g3g51g40g53g48g44g54g54g44g50g49g3g40g59g
2、38g40g51g55g3g36g54g3g51g40g53g48g44g55g55g40g39g3g37g60g3g38g50g51g60g53g44g42g43g55g3g47g36g58Licensed Copy: Wang Bin, na, Mon Mar 26 02:41:11 GMT+00:00 2007, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSIBS EN 14984:2006This British Standard was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Comm
3、ittee on 29 December 2006 BSI 2006ISBN 0 580 49825 5National forewordThis British Standard was published by BSI. It is the UK implementation of EN 14984:2006.The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee CII/37, Fertilisers and related chemicals.A list of organizations
4、 represented on CII/37 can be obtained on request to its secretary.This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application.Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity from legal obligations.Amendments is
5、sued since publicationAmd. No. Date CommentsLicensed Copy: Wang Bin, na, Mon Mar 26 02:41:11 GMT+00:00 2007, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSIEUROPEAN STANDARDNORME EUROPENNEEUROPISCHE NORMEN 14984April 2006ICS 65.080English VersionLiming materials - Determination of product effect on soil pH -Soil incubat
6、ion methodAmendements minraux basiques - Dtermination de leffetdun produit sur le pH dun sol - Mthode par incubation dusolCalcium-/Magnesium-Bodenverbesserungsmittel -Bestimmung des Produkteinflusses auf den Boden-pH-Wert - BodeninkubationsverfahrenThis European Standard was approved by CEN on 2 Mar
7、ch 2006.CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this EuropeanStandard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such nationalstandards may be obtaine
8、d on application to the Central Secretariat or to any CEN member.This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translationunder the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the Central Secretari
9、at has the same status as the officialversions.CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France,Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal,
10、Romania,Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATIONCOMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATIONEUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNGManagement Centre: rue de Stassart, 36 B-1050 Brussels 2006 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved
11、worldwide for CEN national Members.Ref. No. EN 14984:2006: ELicensed Copy: Wang Bin, na, Mon Mar 26 02:41:11 GMT+00:00 2007, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSIEN 14984:2006 (E) 2 Contents Page Foreword 3 Introduction4 1 Scope .5 2 Normative references .5 3 Terms and definitions.6 4 Principle.7 5 Method A8 6
12、 Method B15 7 Test report .24 Annex A (informative) Variations to the test methods.25 Annex B (normative) Determination of moisture at full soil water holding capacity 27 Bibliography.28 Licensed Copy: Wang Bin, na, Mon Mar 26 02:41:11 GMT+00:00 2007, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSIEN 14984:2006 (E) 3 Fo
13、reword This document (EN 14984:2006) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 260 “Fertilizers and liming materials”, the secretariat of which is held by DIN. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement,
14、 at the latest by October 2006, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by October 2006. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Cyp
15、rus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. Licensed Copy: Wang Bin, na, Mon Mar 26
16、02:41:11 GMT+00:00 2007, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSIEN 14984:2006 (E) 4 Introduction The chemical methods for determining the neutralizing value (NV) (see EN 12945) and the reactivity (see EN 13971) of liming materials are not always appropriate indicators for any material claimed to have a liming ef
17、fect in the soil, particularly materials with a high organic matter content. The biological mineralization of organic matter contained in some products can, in the field, have an effect on pH, which cannot be quantified by the chemical methods. The two methods described in this document overcome the
18、se problems. Method A characterizes products through their effect on the pH of a soil under controlled, standard conditions, which are close to those in the field. Method B establishes the efficiency of products when applied to a standard soil. However, attention is drawn to the limitations of these
19、 methods. They are laboratory methods carried out in controlled conditions and care should be taken when applying the results to field conditions. The quality of incorporation of the liming material into the soil and the eventual need to break down the product agglomerates, together with the soil an
20、d climate conditions, can affect the results. Nevertheless, these methods allow a comparison of the potential neutralizing effect of liming products under optimum and reproducible conditions. Licensed Copy: Wang Bin, na, Mon Mar 26 02:41:11 GMT+00:00 2007, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSIEN 14984:2006 (E)
21、 5 1 Scope This document specifies two methods (method A and method B) of measuring the effect of the addition of any material claimed to have a liming effect on the soil, using the same basic principles. Method A measures the changes to the soil pH resulting from the addition of any material claime
22、d to have a liming effect on a standard soil, measured over a period of one month. Method B assesses the efficiency of any material claimed to have a liming effect, using a range of defined soils and measured over a period of up to 2,5 years. NOTE These methods allow comparison of products under con
23、trolled climatic conditions but do not replace field experiments. The methods are not applicable to mineral products coarser than 6,3 mm for method A or 20 mm for method B. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated ref
24、erences, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. prEN 1482-1, Fertilizers and liming materials Sampling and sample preparation Part 1: Sampling EN 12048, Solid fertilizers and liming materials Determina
25、tion of moisture content Gravimetric method by drying at (105+2) C (ISO 8190:1992 modified) EN 12049, Solid fertilizers and liming materials Determination of moisture content Gravimetric method by drying under reduced pressure (ISO 8189:1992 modified) EN 12945, Liming materials Determination of neut
26、ralizing value Titrimetric methods EN 12948, Liming materials - Determination of size distribution by dry and wet sieving EN 13040, Soil improvers and growing media Sample preparation for chemical and physical tests, determination of dry matter content, moisture content and laboratory compacted bulk
27、 density EN ISO 3696, Water for analytical laboratory use Specification and test methods (ISO 3696:1987) ISO 3310-1, Test sieves Technical requirements and testing Part 1: Test sieves of metal wire cloth ISO 3310-2, Test sieves Technical requirements and testing Part 2: Test sieves of perforated met
28、al plate ISO 10390:2005, Soil quality Determination of pH ISO 11272, Soil quality Determination of dry bulk density ISO 11277, Soil quality Determination of particle size distribution in mineral soil material Method by sieving and sedimentation ISO 11465, Soil quality Determination of dry matter and
29、 water content on a mass basis Gravimetric method ISO 14235, Soil quality Determination of organic carbon by sulfochromic oxidation Licensed Copy: Wang Bin, na, Mon Mar 26 02:41:11 GMT+00:00 2007, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSIEN 14984:2006 (E) 6 NF X31-130, Soil quality Chemical methods Determination o
30、f the cationic exchange capacity (CEC) and extractible cations (buffered at pH = 7, Metson method)1)3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply. 3.1 efficiency ability of a liming material to react in soil or solution within a specified time N
31、OTE In this document, efficiency is calculated as mentioned in 6.5.2. 3.2 internal peak values approach crediting fine fractions of a product or other highly reactive materials for 100 % efficiency in soil when reaching maximum pH value NOTE 1 This efficiency is maintained even if pH later drops due
32、 to soil microbial counteraction (acidification). NOTE 2 For further clarification see Figure 1 and Figure 2. Key no liming material different products X weeks of incubation Y soil pH Figure 1 Soil pH versus weeks of soil incubation 1) No international buffered method is available at pH = 7. As soon
33、 as an International Standard is available for cation exchange capacity buffered at pH = 7, it will replace the NF X 31-130. Licensed Copy: Wang Bin, na, Mon Mar 26 02:41:11 GMT+00:00 2007, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSIEN 14984:2006 (E) 7 Key no liming material different products X weeks of incubation
34、Y efficiency in percent Figure 2 Efficiency versus weeks of soil incubation 3.3 liming index ratio of the improvement in soil pH due to the product under test to that achieved using the reference liming material NOTE The liming index, LIxis an indicator given by the following formula: pH4) - (pH3pH2
35、) - pH1(x=LI where LI is the liming index pH1 is the pH of the soil with tested product after time x pH2 is the pH of the soil alone after time x pH3 is the pH of the soil with the reference liming material after time x pH4 is the pH of the soil alone after time x time x is the length of time of the
36、 incubation test 4 Principle 4.1 General Incorporation of a standardized amount of liming material or material claimed to have a liming effect into a reference soil or range of defined soils. Incubation of these soils under controlled climatic conditions for a defined period. Checking the buffer cap
37、acity of the soil with a reference liming material and measuring the changes in soil pH. Licensed Copy: Wang Bin, na, Mon Mar 26 02:41:11 GMT+00:00 2007, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSIEN 14984:2006 (E) 8 4.2 Method A Monitoring after 24 h, 2 week and 4 week the changes in soil pH under controlled temper
38、ature and moisture conditions. 4.3 Method B Monitoring after 24 h, 1 week, 3 week, 6 week, 12 week, 24 week and 48 week, and 1 year, 1,5 year, 2 year and 2,5 year of the changes in soil pH under controlled temperature and moisture conditions. When testing calcined products (burnt products and slaked
39、 products), add monitoring at 1 h, 3 h and 6 h and 3 day. The test may be stopped at any time after 3 week, according to information required. The tests should be performed within the pH range of 4,6 to 7,0, subject to there being a linearity response. 5 Method A 5.1 Reagents and materials 5.1.1 Ref
40、erence soilwith the following characteristics: a) pH 5,6 to pH 6,4 in water, when determined in settling suspension after 16 h in accordance with ISO 10390:2005, 7.1.3, 7.2 and 7.3; b) cation exchange capacity of 9 cmol+/kg to 11 cmol+/kg, when determined in accordance with NF X 31-130 (see Note in
41、Clause 2); c) mass fraction of organic carbon of 0,50 % to 2,00 % on a dry basis, when determined in accordance with ISO 14235 (this is equivalent to 0,86 % to 3,44 % expressed as organic matter, ( 72,1 = COMO ); d) mass fraction of particles of equivalent spherical diameter less than 0,002 mm (clay
42、) shall be less than 20 %, when determined in accordance with ISO 11277. 5.1.2 Reference liming material (RLM), calcium hydroxide of recognized analytical grade 5.1.3 Water, conforming to EN ISO 3696, grade 3 5.2 Apparatus 5.2.1 Temperature-controlled room, capable of being maintained at (20 2) C 5.
43、2.2 pH meter, capable of being read to the nearest 0,01 unit 5.2.3 Beakers, capacity 200 ml 5.2.4 Pots, of inert material with respect to soil, 50 mm to 200 mm diameter, capacity according to Table 1 5.2.5 Volumetric spoons, 20 ml Licensed Copy: Wang Bin, na, Mon Mar 26 02:41:11 GMT+00:00 2007, Unco
44、ntrolled Copy, (c) BSIEN 14984:2006 (E) 9 5.2.6 Magnetic stirrer 5.2.7 Balance, capable of weighing to the nearest 1 g 5.2.8 Precision balance, capable of weighing to the nearest 1 mg 5.2.9 Test sieves, wire sieves (ISO 3310-1), 1 mm, 2 mm, 4 mm and 6,3 mm nominal aperture size 5.3 Sampling of produ
45、cts and sample preparation Take a sample in accordance with prEN 1482-1. Determine the dry matter content of the sample in accordance with EN 12048 or EN 12049. Determine the dry matter content of the soil in accordance with ISO 11465. It shall be used to adjust the mass fraction of soil in Table 1
46、to determine field water capacity in 5.4.3. Determine the smallest aperture size sieve from the range 1 mm, 2 mm, 4 mm and 6,3 mm that all the sample will pass. For mineral products use the sample as received. For organic products use the sample as received, but after homogenization, unless it conta
47、ins coarse particles (equivalent spherical diameter greater than 1 mm). If the sample contains coarse particles, prepare it in accordance with EN 13040 so that all the particles will pass a 1-mm aperture size sieve. Determine in that case the fineness of the product. 5.4 Procedure 5.4.1 Preparation
48、of the standard soil Dry the soil to constant mass at a temperature below 40C, sieve on a 2 mm aperture size sieve (5.2.9) and use the soil that passes the sieve. Measure the initial pH of the standard soil in a settling suspension of water after 16 h in accordance with ISO 10390:2005, 7.1.3, 7.2 an
49、d 7.3 and record it. 5.4.2 Test portions Weigh, to the nearest 0,001 g, two test portions each of the mass specified in Table 1. At the same time, weigh, to the nearest 0,001 g, two portions of reference liming material (4.1.2) of the same mass as the test portions. NOTE The portion of reference liming material is equivalent to 2 250 units of neutralizing value per hectare, on the basis of 3 000 t of dried soil per hectare, and in the standard soil it will raise the pH by approximately one unit. Licensed Copy: Wang Bin,
