1、BRITISH STANDARD BS EN 4Incorporating Eurocode 5: Design of timber structures Part 1-1: General Common rules and rules for buildingsICS 91.010.30; 91.080.20nullnull nullnullnullnullnullnullnull nullnullnullnullnullnullnull nullnullnull nullnullnullnullnullnullnullnullnullnull nullnullnullnullnullnul
2、l nullnull nullnullnullnullnullnullnullnullnull nullnull nullnullnullnullnullnullnullnullnull nullnullnull1995-1-1:2004corrigendumJune2006+A2:2014 National forewordThis British Standard is the UK implementation of EN 1995-1-1:2004+A2:2014, incorporating corrigendum June 2006. It supersedes BS EN 199
3、5-1-1:2004+A1:2008, which is withdrawn.The start and finish of text introduced or altered by amendment is indicated in the text by tags. Tags indicating changes to CEN text carry the number of the CEN amendment. For example, text altered by CEN amendment A1 is indicated by .The UK participation in i
4、ts preparation was entrusted by Technical Committee B/525, Building and civil engineering structures, to Subcommittee B/525/5, Structural use of timber.A list of organizations represented on this subcommittee can be obtained on request to its secretary.Where a normative part of this EN allows for a
5、choice to be made at the national level, the range and possible choice will be given in the normative text, and a note will qualify it as a Nationally Determined Parameter (NDP). NDPs can be a specific value for a factor, a specific level or class, a particular method or a particular application rul
6、e if several are proposed in the EN.To enable BS EN 1995-1-1:2004+A2:2014 to be used in the UK the latest version of the NA to this Standard containing these NDPs should also be used. At the time of publication, it is NA to BS EN 1995-1-1:2004+A1:2008.This publication does not purport to include all
7、 the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application.Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity from legal obligations.BS EN 1995-1-1:2004+A2:2014This British Standard waspublished under the authorityof the Standards Policy andStrategy Committee o
8、n15 December 2004 The British Standards Institution 2014. Published by BSI Standards Limited 2014ISBN 978 0 580 83727 2Amendments/corrigenda issued since publicationAmd. No. Date Comments 16499Corrigendum No. 131 July 2006 Implementation of CEN corrigendum June 2006. Modifications to 6.5.2, 8.2.2, 8
9、.3.1.1 and 8.3.1.231 January 2009 Implementation of CEN amendment A1:200831 May 2014 Implementation of CEN amendment A2:2014EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNEEUROPISCHE NORMICS 91.010.30;91.080.20English versionEurocode 5: Design of timber structures - Part 1-1: General - Common rules and rules for b
10、uildings Eurocode 5: Conception et calculdes structures en bois -Partie 1-1 : Gnralits - Rgles communes et rgles pourles btiments Eurocode 5: Bemessung und Konstruktion von Holzbauten- Teil 1-1: Allgemeines - Allgemeine Regeln und Regeln frden HochbauThis European Standard was approved by CEN on 16
11、April 2004.CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this EuropeanStandard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obt
12、ained on application to the CentralSecretariat or to anyCEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by tra nslation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the Central Secr
13、etariat has the same status as t he official versions.CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France,Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Por
14、tugal, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATIONCOMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATIONEUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNGManagement Centre: rue de Stassart, 36 B-1050 Brussels 2004 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved
15、worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN 1995-1-1:2004: EEN 1995-1-1:2004+A2IncorporatingcorrigendumJune2006May 2014Contents Page ForewordSECTION 1GENERAL 101.1 S COPE 101.1.1 Scope of EN 1995 101.1.2 Scope of EN 1995-1-1 101.2 N ORMATIVE REFERENCES 11.3 A SSUMPTIONS 31.4 D ISTINCTION BETWEEN
16、 P RINCIPLES AND A PPLICATION R ULES 131.5 T ERMS AND DEFINITIONS 31.5.1 General 31.5.2 Additional terms and definitions used in this present standard 131.6 S YMBOLS USED INEN1995-1-1 14SECTION 2BASIS OF DESIGN 192.1 R EQUIREMENTS 92.1.1 Basic requirements 192.1.2 Reliability management 192.1.3 Desi
17、gn working life and durability 192.2 P RINCIPLES OF LIMIT STATE DESIGN 192.2.1 General 92.2.2 Ultimate limit states 192.2.3 Serviceability limit states 202.3 B ASIC VARIABLES 212.3.1 Actions and environmental influences 212.3.1.1 General 212.3.1.2 Load-duration classes 212.3.1.3 Service classes 222.
18、3.2 Materials and product properties 222.3.2.1Load-duration and moisture influences on strength 222.3.2.2Load-duration and moisture influences on deformations 222.4 V ERIFICATION BY THE PARTIAL FACTOR METHOD 242.4.1 Design value of material property242.4.2 Design value of geometrical data 252.4.3 De
19、sign resistances 252.4.4 Verification of equilibrium (EQU) 25SECTION 3 MATERIAL PROPERTIES 263.1 G ENERAL 263.1.1 Strength and stiffness parameters 263.1.2 Stress-strain relations 263.1.3 Strength modification factors for service classes and load-duration classes 263.1.4 Deformation modification fac
20、tors for service classes 263.2 S OLID TIMBER 263.3 G LUED LAMINATED TIMBER 73.4 L AMINATED VENEER LUMBER (LVL) 283.5 W OOD- BASED PANELS 93.6 A DHESIVES 93.7 M ETAL FASTENERS 9SECTION 4DURABILITY 304.1 R ESISTANCE TO BIOLOGICAL ORGANISMS 304.2 R ESISTANCE TO CORROSION 0SECTION 5BASIS OF STRUCTURAL A
21、NALYSIS 315.1 G ENERAL 31BS EN 1995-1-1:2004+A2:2014 EN 1995-1-1:2004+A2:2014 (E)265.2 M EMBERS 315.3 C ONNECTIONS 315.4 A SSEMBLIES 25.4.1 General 25.4.2 Frame structures325.4.3 Simplified analysis of trusses with punched metal plate fasteners 335.4.4Plane frames and arche 4SECTION 6ULTIMATE LIMIT
22、STATES 366.1 D ESIGN OF CROSS - SECTIONS SUBJECTED TO STRESS IN ONE PRINCIPAL DIRECTION 366.1.1 General 66.1.2 Tension parallel to the grain 366.1.3 Tension perpendicular to the grain366.1.4 Compression parallel to the grain 366.1.5 Compression perpendicular to the grain 366.1.66.1.7 Shear 6.1.8 Tor
23、sion 6.2 D ESIGN OF CROSS - SECTIONS SUBJECTED TO COMBINED STRESSES6.2.1 General6.2.2 Compression stresses at an angle to the grain6.2.36.2.4 Combined bending and axial compression6.3 S TABILITY OF MEMBERS6.3.1 General6.3.26.3.3 Beams subjected to either bending or combined bending and compression6.
24、4 D ESIGN OF CROSS - SECTIONS IN MEMBERS WITH VARYINGCROSS- SECTION OR CURVED6.4.16.4.2 Single tapered beams 6.4.36.5 N OTCHED MEMBERS6.5.1 General6.5.2 Beams with a notch at the support6.6 S YSTEM STRENGTHSECTION 7SERVICEABILITY LIMIT STATES 7.1 J OINT SLIP7.2 L IMITING VALUES FOR DEFLECTIONS OF BE
25、AMS7.3 V IBRATIONS7.3.1General7.3.2 Vibrations frommachinery 7.3.3Residential floors SECTION 8CONNECTIONS WITH METAL FASTENERS8.1 G ENERAL8.1.1 Fastener requirements 8.1.2 Multiple fastener connections 8.1.3 Multiple shear plane connections 8.1.4 Connection forces at an angle to the grain8.1.5Altern
26、ating connection forces 8.2LATERAL LOAD- CARRYING CAPACITY OF METAL DOWEL- TYPE FASTENERS8.2.1 General8.2.28.2.38.3 N AILED CONNECTIONS8.3.1Bending3383838394040Combinedbendingandaxialtension 40404141Columnssubjectedtoeithercompressionorcombinedcompressionandbending4142SHAPE 4 4General 444 4Doubletap
27、ered,curvedandpitchedcamberedbeams 54 994495052525253535353565656565656585858Timber-to-timberandpanel-to-timberconnections 58Steel-to-timberconnections 60Laterallyloadednails 6262440BS EN 1995-1-1:2004+A2:2014 EN 1995-1-1:2004+A2:2014 (E)38.3.1.18.3.1.2 Nailed timber-to-timber connections8.3.1.3Nail
28、ed panel-to-timber connections8.3.1.4 Nailed steel-to-timber connections8.3.2Axially loaded nails 8.3.3 Combined laterally and axially loaded nails 8.4 S TAPLED CONNECTIONS8.5 B OLTED CONNECTIONS8.5.1Laterally loaded bolts 8.5.1.1 General and bolted timber-to-timber connections8.5.1.2Bolted panel-to
29、-timber connections8.5.1.3Bolted steel-to-timber connections8.5.2 Axially loaded bolts 8.6 D OWELLED CONNECTIONS8.7 S CREWED CONNECTIONS8.7.1 Laterally loaded screws 8.7.2 Axially loaded screws8.7.3 Combined laterally and axially loaded screws 8.8 C ONNECTIONS MADE WITH PUNCHED METAL PLATE FASTENERS
30、8.8.1 General8.8.2 Plate geometry8.8.38.8.48.8.5 Connection strength verification8.8.5.1Plate anchorage capacity 8.8.5.28.9SPLIT RING AND SHEAR PLATE CONNECTORS8.10 T OOTHED - PLATE CONNECTORSSECTION 9COMPONENTS AND ASSEMBLIES9.1COMPONENTS9.1.1 Glued thin-webbed beams 9.1.2Glued thin-flanged beams 9
31、.1.3Mechanically jointed beams 9.1.4 Mechanically jointed and glued columns 9.2 A SSEMBLIES9.2.1 Trusses 9.2.2 Trusses with punched metal plate fasteners 9.2.3 Roof and floor diaphragms 9.2.3.2Simplified analysis of roof and floor diaphragms. 9.2.49.2.4.19.2.4.29.2.4.39.2.4.3.2Design procedure9.2.5.
32、19.2.5.2 Single members in compression 9.2.5.3 Bracing of beam or truss systemsSECTION 10 STRUCTURAL DETAILING AND CONTROL10.1 G ENERAL10.2 M ATERIALS10.3 G10.4 C ONNECTIONS WITH MECHANICAL FASTENERS10.4.110.4.2 Nails 10.4.3General 626467676769717169747471727373737477777777Platestrengthproperties 77
33、Plateanchoragestrengths 787878Platecapacity 808184878787899091919192939.2.3.1 General 9393Walldiaphragms 94GeneralSimplifiedanalysisof walldiaphragmsMethodA 9494Simplifiedanalysisof walldiaphragmsMethodB 979.2.4.3.1Construction of walls and panels to meet the requirements of the simplified analysis9
34、7989.2.5Bracing 100General 100100101103103103LUEDJOINTS 103103General 103103Boltsandwashers 103BS EN 1995-1-1:2004+A2:2014 EN 1995-1-1:2004+A2:2014 (E)410.4.4 Dowels 10.4.510.5 A SSEMBLY10.6 T RANSPORTATION AND ERECTION10.7 C ONTROL10.8 S10.8.110.8.2 Wall diaphragms10.9.1 Fabrication 10.9.2 Erection
35、 ANNEX A(INFORMATIVE): BLOCK SHEAR AND PLUG SHEAR FAILURE AT MULTIPLE DOWEL-TYPE STEEL-TO-TIMBER CONNECTIONSANNEX B (INFORMATIVE): MECHANICALLY JOINTED BEAMS B.1 SB.1.1 Cross-sections B.1.2 Assumptions B.1.3 Spacings B.1.4 Deflections resulting from bending moments B.2 EB.3 NB.4 MB.5 FC.1 G ENERALC.
36、1.1 Assumptions C.1.2 Load-carrying capacity C.2 MC.2.1 Effective slenderness ratioC.2.2 Load on fasteners C.2.3 Combined loads C.3 SC.3.1 Assumptions C.3.2 Axial load-carrying capacity C.3.3Load on fasteners, gussets or packs C.4.1 Assumptions C.4.2 Load-carrying capacity ANNEX D (INFORMATIVE): BIB
37、LIOGRAPHY104Screws 10410410Floorandroofdiaphragms105105PECIALRULESFORDIAPHRAGMSTRUCTURES 10510610.9SPECIALRULESFORTRUSSESWITHPUNCHEDMETALPLATEFASTENERS 106106106108110IMPLIFIEDANALYSIS 110110110110110FFECTIVEBENDINGSTIFFNESS 112ORMALSTRESSES 112AXIMUMSHEARSTRESS 112ASTENERLOAD 112ANNEX C(INFORMATIVE
38、): BUILT-UP COLUMNS 114114114114ECHANICALLYJOINTEDCOLUMNS 114114114115PACEDCOLUMNSWITHPACKSORGUSSETS 115115116117C.4LATTICECOLUMNSWITHGLUEDORNAILEDJOINTS 117117118121C.4.3Shear forces1205BS EN 1995-1-1:2004+A2:2014 EN 1995-1-1:2004+A2:2014 (E)5Foreword This European Standard EN 1995-1-1 has been pre
39、pared by Technical Committee CEN/TC250 “Structural Eurocodes”, the Secretariat of which is held by BSI. This European Standard shall be given the status of a National Standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by May 2005, and conflicting national standards
40、 shall be withdrawn at the latest by March 2010. This European Standard supersedes ENV 1995-1-1:1993. CEN/TC250 is responsible for all Structural Eurocodes. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this
41、European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxemburg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. Background
42、 of the Eurocode programmeIn 1975, the Commission of the European Community decided on an action programme in the field of construction, based on article 95 of the Treaty. The objective of the programme was the elimination of technical obstacles to trade and the harmonisation of technical specificat
43、ions. Within this action programme, the Commission took the initiative to establish a set of harmonised technical rules for the design of construction works which, in a first stage, would serve as an alternative to the national rules in force in the Member States and, ultimately, would replace them.
44、 For fifteen years, the Commission, with the help of a Steering Committee with Representatives of Member States, conducted the development of the Eurocodes programme, which led to the first generation of European codes in the 1980s. In 1989, the Commission and the Member States of the EU and EFTA de
45、cided, on the basisof an agreement TP1 PT between the Commission and CEN, to transfer the preparation and the publication of the Eurocodes to CEN through a series of Mandates, in order to provide them with a future status of European Standard (EN). This links de facto the Eurocodes with the provisio
46、ns of all the Councils Directives and/or Commissions Decisions dealing with European standards (e.g. the Council Directive 89/106/EEC on construction products CPD and Council Directives 93/37/EEC, 92/50/EEC and 89/440/EEC on public works and services and equivalent EFTA Directives initiated in pursu
47、it of setting up the internal market).The Structural Eurocode programme comprises the following standards generally consisting of a number of Parts: EN 1990:2002 Eurocode: Basis of Structural Design EN 1991Eurocode 1: Actions on structures EN 1992 Eurocode 2: Design of concrete structures EN 1993 Eu
48、rocode 3: Design of steel structures EN 1994 Eurocode 4: Design of composite steel and concrete structuresEN 1995 Eurocode 5: Design of timber structuresEN 1996 Eurocode 6: Design of masonry structures EN 1997 Eurocode 7: Geotechnical design TP1PT Agreement between the Commission of the European Com
49、munities and the European Committee for Standardisation (CEN) concerning the work on EUROCODES for the design of building and civil engineering works (BC/CEN/03/89). BS EN 1995-1-1:2004+A2:2014 EN 1995-1-1:2004+A2:2014 (E)6EN 1998 Eurocode 8: Design of structures for earthquake resistance EN 1999 Eurocode 9: Design of aluminium structuresEurocode standards recognise the responsibility of regulatory authorities in each Member State and have safeguarded their right to determine values related to regulatory safety matters at national level where these continue to
