1、 - STD*BSI BS EN 1373-ENGL 1997 lb24bb9 Ob851111 770 BRITISH STANDARD _ _ _ Plastics piping systems - Glass-reinforced thermosetting plastics (GRP) pipes - Determination of initial longitudinal tensile properties * * WI The European Standard EN 1393 : 1996 has the status of a British Standard ICs 23
2、.040.20 NO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAW BS EN 1393 : 1997 BS 2782 Part 12 : Methods 1210 A to 1210 C : 1997 Incorporating Amendment No. 1 STD-BSI BS EN 1393-ENGL 1997 lb24bb9 Ob5142 b07 m AmdNo. Date 9904 March 1998 BS EN 1393 : 1997 Issue 2, March 1998 Text af
3、fected Indicated by a sideline Committees responsible for this British Standard The preparation of this British Standard was entrusted to Technical Committee PRV61, Plastics piping and components, upon which the following bodies were represented: British Gas pic British Plastics Federation British P
4、lumbing Fittin Method 1210B corresponds to method B of EN 1393 wipe sections); Method 121oC corresponds to method C of EN 1393 (plates). NOTE. To eliminate ambiguity in sub-clause 9.3.3 the denominator of the equation should be read as either or This standard has been prepared for reference by other
5、 standards under preparation by CEN for specification of reinforced plastics piping systems and components. It has been implemented to enable experience of the methods to be gained and for use for other fresh applications. It is also for use for the revision or amendment of other national standards
6、as practicable, but it should not be presumed to apply to any existing standard or specincation which contains or makes reference to a different kst method until that standar/specification has been amended or revised to make reference to this method and any requirements adjusted as appropriate. Warn
7、ing. This British Standard, which is identical with EN 1393 : 1996, does not necessarily detail ali the precautions necessary to meet the requirements of the Health and Safety at Work etc. Act 1974. Attention should be paid to any appropriate safety precautions and the method should only be operated
8、 by trained personnel. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. O BSI 1998 - STD*BSI BS EN L373-ENGL 1777 W LbZLibb9 Ob851Yb 252 EUROPEIN sTANDAR;D EN 1393 NOFtMJ3 EUROPENNE EUROP - materialdependent or performance requirements are not given; - ed
9、itrial changes have been introduced. The materialdependent and performance requirements are incorporated in the referrjng standard. This standard is one of a series of standards on test methods which support System Standards for plastics piping systems and ducting systems. This European %dard shall
10、be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by March 1997, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by March 1997. According to the CENKENELEC Internai Regulations, the national standards organizat
11、ions of the following countries are bound to implement this Ehropean Standard Austria, Bebum, Denmark, Finland, hce, Ge-, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, I*, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom. O BSI 1997 1 scope This standard specifies three test
12、methods for determining the longitudinal tensile properties of pipes of glass-reinforced thermosetting plastics (GRP). The properties which can be determined are: - the longitudinal tensile strew - the percentage ultimate elongation; - the longitudinal modulus of elasticity Method A uses for the tes
13、t piece(s) a longitudinal strip cut from a pipe. Method B uses a specified length of the fuil cross-section of the pipe. Method C uses a notched piate cut from a pipe wall section. Method A is applicable to pipes with a nominal size DN 50 or greater with circumferentially wound laments, with or with
14、out chopped giass andor woven rovhgs andor fillers, and to centrifugally cast pipes. It is applicable to those pipes with helidy wound Naments with a nominal size DN 200 or greater. Method B is applicable to all types of GRP pipes. It is usually used for pipes with a nominal size up to DN 300. Metho
15、d C is primarily intended for use for helically wound pipes with a winding angie other than approximately 90“. This method may also be used for other types of pipe. Results from one method are not necessarily equal to the results derived from any of the alternative methods. However, all methods have
16、 equai validity 2 Denitions For the purposes of this standard, the following denitions apply: 2.1 initial longitudinal tensile strength (al*, The maximum tensile force in the longitudinal direction per unit mean circumference (see 2.6) at failure (the uppercase subscripts denote the method of test u
17、sed). It is expressed in newtons per miiiimetre of circumference. 2.2 ultimate longitudinal tensile stress (al) The maximum longitudinal tensile force per unit cross-sectional area at failure. It is expressed in newtons per square millimetre. 2.3 ultimate elongation (cl) The elongation coincident wi
18、th the ultimate longitudinal tensile stress (see 2.2). It is expressed as a percentage of an initial gauge length or free length of a test piece. 2.4 longitudinal modulus of elasticity (El) The longitudinal tensile force per unit cross-sectional area divided by the strain. It is expressed in newtons
19、 per square millimeke. OlB*, blC*) 2.6 mean diameter (d,) The diameter of the circle corresponding with the middle of the pipe wall crosssection. It is given by any of the following: a) the average of the external diameter of the pipe minus the average of the wall thickness; b) the external circumfe
20、rence of the pipe divided by n (n = 3,1416) minus the average of the wail thicheSs; c) the average of the internal diameter of the pipe plus the average of the wall thickness. It is expressed in millimetres. 2.6 mean circumference The circumference corresponding to the mean diameter (see 2.6) multip
21、lied by K (K = 3,1416). It is expressed in millimetres. 3 Principle Test pieces comprising either strips cut longitudinally from a pipe wall segment (method A), a specified length of pipe (method B) or a notched plate cut from a pipe wail section (method C) are subjected to extension in the longitud
22、inal direction at a constant speed such that fracture occm within a specified time. The tensile properties are determined using the initial dimensions of the test piece, the tensile force and the elongation. NOTE. It is assumed that the following test parameters are set by the standard making refere
23、nce to this standard a) the method to be used, Le. method A, method B or method C; b) the number of test pieces (see 5.5); c) if applicable, the requirements for conditioning, e.g. temperature, humidity, time and associated tolerances (see clause 6); d) the test temperature and its tolerance (see cl
24、ause 7). e) the properties to be measured (see clause 8); 4 Apparatus 4.1 Tensile testing machine, of the constant rate of cross-head movement type, incorporating the following features: a) a fixed part, fitted with a grip to hold one end of the test piece without permitting any longitudinal movemen
25、t thereof, and a moveable part, incorporating a grip to hold the other end of the test piece during extension. The fixed and moving parts and their associated grips (see 4.2) shall enable the test piece to be aligned when a force is applied so that its longitudinal axis coincides with the direction
26、of this force; b) a drive mechanism, capable of imparting a constant speed of 1 dmin to the movhg part; c) force indicator, capable of measuring the force applied to a test piece which is held in the grips. The mechanism shall be free from simcant inertia lag at the necessary speed of testing%d shal
27、l indicate or record force, or consequent stress, an accuracy of within 1 % of the value to be measured. with O BSI 1997 STDOBSI BS EN L373-ENGL 1997 M Lb2LibbS Ob85LLI9 TbL D Page 4 EN 13% : 1996 4.2 Gips, for holding a test piece. Each of two grips shall be capable of holding one end of the test p
28、iece without slip or crushing to an extent that wdi affect the results obtained. (Grips which tighten automatidly may be suitable.) Qpid grips for a pipe section test piece (see 6.3) are shown in gure 1. 4.3 lhhxmsh ma-surement devices, capable of measuring the necessary dimensions of the test piece
29、 (e.g. length, width, wall thickness) to an accuracy of half the accuracy required in clause 8 for measurements, e.g. measuring accuracy * , mm requires a device accuzacy of f 0,05 mm. 4.4 Extension indicutor, capable of measuring the distance between two fixed points located within the gauge length
30、 of the test piece at any time during the test so that the elongation in the gauge section can be determined The device shaU be nee of any signicant inertia lag at the relevant speed of testing (see 8.4) and shall be accurate to within f 1 % of the indicated value. If strain gauges are used, these s
31、hall be mounted on both sides of the test piece, on the centreline, and the average value shall be used for the cdculation of the modulus and the percentage elongation. NOTE 1. An extension indicator is oniy necessary if the referring standard specifies that the elongation andor any modulus of elast
32、icity of the test piece is to be determined. NOTE 2. It is desirable, but not essential, that this instrument automatically records this distance (or any change in it) as a function of the load on the test piece or of the elapsed time from the start of the test, or both. If oniy the latter is obtain
33、ed, lodtime data should be recorded as weiL Sleeve Segmented grips Mandrel Reinf ordng Test piece band Figure 1. micd grips for a pipe section test piece (method B) O BSI 1997 - STD-BSI BS EN 1373-ENGL 1977 9 Lb24bh9 0685150 783 - - Gauge Length A-! I hue 2, March 1998 / 5 Tkst pieces 6.1 General Th
34、e test piece sha be a strip or dumbbell conforming to 6.2, or a pipe section conforming to 6.3, or a plate conforming to 6.4. The test piece shaii be obtained in such a way that it is not damaged. 6.2 Strip test pieces (methodA) 6.2.1 Shape Each test piece shall be a strip cut in the longitudinal di
35、rection of the pipe and shaped to the dimensions of the applicable dumbbell as shown in figure 2, unless a parallelsided (rectangular plan) test piece is selected in accordance with one of the following conditions: a) where it is required only to determine conformity to a minimum tensile properly re
36、quirement, a parallel-sided strip without shaped ends (see 6.2.2.3) may be used; b) for nominal sizes greater than DN 400, parallel-sided strips (see 6.2.2.3) may be used The test pieces may be cut from a ring previously used for the determination of the initial specific ring stiffness. 1 I U Q A-cl
37、 1 r- L Page 5 EN 1393 : 1996 6.2.2 Dimensions The length, 1, of the test piece shall be (300 f 15) mm (see figure 2 and figure 3). 6.2.2.2 Shaped strip The gauge length, l, of the test piece shall be as foilows (see figure 2): The radius, R, sha be machined to conform to the following limits (see f
38、igure 2): 50 mm 5 R I 70 mm. The width of the test piece within the gauge length, b, sha conform to the following requirements, as applicable (see figure 2 and 6.2.1): 5.2.2.1 L.?ngth 100 mm 5 ZG 5 150 mm. b= (10fl)mmforDNI150; b = (25 f 1) mm for DN 150 (see b) of 6.2.1). The tota width, b, of the
39、test piece shall conform to the foilowing requirements (see figure 2): b = (18 f 2) mm for DN I 150; b = (40 f 2) mm for 150 150. if condition b) of 6.2.1 is applicable, the width, b, of the test piece shall be as follows (see figure 3): 6.2.3 Preparation of built-up ends Unies grips (see 4.2) with
40、closefitting curved jaws are to be used or the referring standard requires determination of conformity only to a minimum longitudinal tensile propem, build up the thickness of the test piece ends over the grip length with a suitable thermoseUing resin with or without reinforcement. When cured, machi
41、ne the built-up ends flat and paraiiel, and ensure that the centroid of the gauge length cross-section (see figures 2 and 3) will lie on the loading centreline of the testjng machine when gripped 6.3 Pipe section test pieces (method B) Each test piece (see figure 1) shall be a full section of pipe w
42、ith a minimum length of 450 mm or four times the nominal size in millimetres, whichever is the greater. b= (5Ofl)rn The test piece shall be cut square ftom the pipe, taking care to ensure that the reinforcement in the test piece is correctiy orientated. The dimensions of the test piece shall be as s
43、pecified in the refeming standard. The size shall be sufcient to ensure that failure occurs across the neck of the test piece (see figure 4). The test piece ends shall be built up with rhermosetting resin as described in 6.2.3 (see figures 4 and 5). Any flash shall be removed and the test piece shai
44、l be machined to the foliowing dimensions (see figure 4): distance between the grips, Zg: radius within the neck of the test piece, K width, b, of the neck 6.6 Number The number of test pieces shall be as specified in the referring standard lg = k, 0,2e 5 r sq 4eSb55e. O BSI 1998 STDmBSI BS EN 1373-
45、ENGL 1977 Lb2qbb7 Ob85152 55b = Page 7 EN 1393 : 1!j96 Circumference of piDe Notch A-A b Figure 4. Plate test piece (method C) - Wall thickness, e Test piece Thermosetting resin A b / Mould Figure 6. Resin application to the plate test piece O BSI 1997 STD.BS1 BS EN 1373-ENGL 1777 m 1b24bb7 Ob85153
46、472 Page 8 EN 1393 : 1996 6 Conditioning Unless otherwise specified in the referring standard, store the test pieces at the test temperature (see clause 7) for at least 0,5 h prior to testing. 7 Tkst temperature Conduct the applicable procedure given in clause 8 at the temperature specified in the r
47、eferring standard. 8 Procedure (methods A, B and C) 8.1 For a strip test piece (method A), measure and record to the nearest 0,l mm the width, b or bG, as applicable, of the test piece, at the centre of the gauge length. For a pipe test piece (method B), measure and record either the internai or ext
48、ernai diameter and the average wall thickness of the test piece by taking three measurements equally spaced around the circumference at both ends of the pipe section. For a piate test piece (method C) measure the width, b, with an accuracy of 0,l mm and the winding angle, O, with an accuracy off 1“.
49、 Determine by measurement andor calculation the radius, r. 8.2 Place the test piece in the tensile testing machine (see 4.1) so that the axial alignment coincides with the direction of pull and clamp the grips (see 4.2) uniformly and sufficiently tight to prevent slipping of the test piece. 8.3 if determination of the elongation andor modulus is required, attach the extension indicator(s) (see 4.4) to the test piece. NOTE. It should be taken into account that the relative movement of the grips is not necessarily equal to the strain
