1、BRITISH STANDARD BS EN 13631-3:2004 Explosives for civil uses High explosives Part 3: Determination of sensitiveness to friction of explosives The European Standard EN 13631-3:2004 has the status of a British Standard ICS 71.100.30 BS EN 13631-3:2004 This British Standard, was published under the au
2、thority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 25 August 2004 BSI 25 August 2004 ISBN 0 580 44335 3 National foreword This British Standard is the official English language version of EN 13631-3:2004. The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee CII/61, Exp
3、losives for civil uses, which has the responsibility to: A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary. Cross-references The British Standards which implement international or European publications referred to in this document may be found in the B
4、SI Catalogue under the section entitled “International Standards Correspondence Index”, or by using the “Search” facility of the BSI Electronic Catalogue or of British Standards Online. This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for
5、 its correct application. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. aid enquirers to understand the text; present to the responsible international/European committee any enquiries on the interpretation, or proposals for change, and keep the UK inte
6、rests informed; monitor related international and European developments and promulgate them in the UK. Summary of pages This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, the EN title page, pages 2 to 12, an inside back cover and a back cover. The BSI copyright notice displayed in this do
7、cument indicates when the document was last issued. Amendments issued since publication Amd. No. Date CommentsEUROPEANSTANDARD NORMEEUROPENNE EUROPISCHENORM EN136313 August2004 ICS71.100.30 Englishversion ExplosivesforcivilusesHighexplosivesPart3: Determinationofsensitivenesstofrictionofexplosives E
8、xplosifsusagecivilExplosifsPartie3:Dtermination delasensibilitaufrottementdesexplosifs ExplosivstoffefrzivileZweckeSprengstoffeTeil3: BestimmungderReibempfindlichkeitvonExplosivstoffen ThisEuropeanStandardwasapprovedbyCENon21June2004. CENmembersareboundtocomplywiththeCEN/CENELECInternalRegulationswh
9、ichstipulatetheconditionsforgivingthisEurope an Standardthestatusofanationalstandardwithoutanyalteration.Uptodatelistsandbibliographicalreferencesconcernings uchnational standardsmaybeobtainedonapplicationtotheCentralSecretariatortoanyCENmember. ThisEuropeanStandardexistsinthreeofficialversions(Engl
10、ish,French,German).Aversioninanyotherlanguagemadebytra nslation undertheresponsibilityofaCENmemberintoitsownlanguageandnotifiedtotheCentralSecretariathasthesamestatusast heofficial versions. CENmembersarethenationalstandardsbodiesofAustria,Belgium,Cyprus,CzechRepublic,Denmark,Estonia,Finland,France,
11、 Germany,Greece,Hungary,Iceland,Ireland,Italy,Latvia,Lithuania,Luxembourg,Malta,Netherlands,Norway,Poland,Portugal, Slovakia, Slovenia,Spain,Sweden,SwitzerlandandUnitedKingdom. EUROPEANCOMMITTEEFORSTANDARDIZATION COMITEUROPENDENORMALISATION EUROPISCHESKOMITEEFRNORMUNG ManagementCentre:ruedeStassart,
12、36B1050Brussels 2004CEN Allrightsofexploitationinanyformandbyanymeansreserved worldwideforCENnationalMembers. Ref.No.EN136313:2004:EEN 13631-3:2004 (E) 2 Contents page Foreword3 1 Scope4 2 Normative references4 3 Terms and definitions .4 4 Principle4 5 Preparation of test samples4 5.1 Solid substanc
13、es which are easily broken up or in powdered form4 5.2 Plastic-bonded substances and other solids which are not easily broken up .5 5.3 Paste-like and gel-type substances.5 6 Apparatus.5 6.1 General5 6.2 Loading device.5 6.3 Movable carriage7 6.4 Porcelain plates.7 6.5 Motor and gearing8 7 Procedure
14、.8 8 Test report10 Annex A (informative) Range of applicability of the test method .11 Annex ZA (informative) Relationship between this European Standard and the Essential Requirements of EU Directive 93/15/EEC12 EN 13631-3:2004 (E) 3 Foreword This document (EN 13631-3:2004) has been prepared by Tec
15、hnical Committee CEN/TC 321 “Explosives for civil uses“, the secretariat of which is held by AENOR. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by February 2005, and conflicting national standard
16、s shall be withdrawn at the latest by February 2005. This document has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the European Free Trade Association, and supports essential requirements of EU Directive(s). For relationship with EU Directive(s), see informative Annex Z
17、A, which is an integral part of this document. This document is one of a series of standards on Explosives for civil uses - High explosives. The other parts of this series are: prEN 13631-1 Part 1: Requirements EN 13631-2 Part 2: Determination of thermal stability of explosives EN 13631-4 Part 4: De
18、termination of sensitiveness to impact of explosives EN 13631-5 Part 5: Determination of resistance to water EN 13631-6 Part 6: Determination of resistance to hydrostatic pressure EN 13631-7 Part 7: Determination of safety and reliability at extreme temperatures EN 13631-10 Part 10: Verification of
19、the means of initiation EN 13631-11 Part 11: Determination of transmission of detonation prEN 13631-12 Part 12: Specification of boosters with different initiating capability EN 13631-13 Part 13: Determination of density EN 13631-14 Part 14: Determination of velocity of detonation prEN 13631-15 Part
20、 15: Calculation of thermodynamic properties EN 13631-16 Part 16: Detection and measurement of toxic gases According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Czech
21、 Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. EN 13631-3:2004 (E) 4 1 Scope This document specifies a met
22、hod for determining the sensitiveness to friction of explosives. This method is not applicable to liquid products. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated refer
23、ences, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. EN 13857-1:2003, Explosives for civil uses Part 1:Terminology EN 60672-3:1997, Ceramic and glass insulating materials Part 3: Specifications for individual materials (IEC 60672-3:1997) EN ISO/IEC 17025, General
24、requirements for the competence of testing and calibration laboratories (ISO/IEC 17025:1999) 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in EN 13857-1:2003 and the following apply. 3.1 reaction occurrence of report, crackling, sparking and/or flame 3.2
25、sensitiveness to friction lowest load at which a reaction is obtained from at least one out of six trials 4 Principle A small amount of the explosive is placed on a porcelain plate and a porcelain peg is pressed onto the sample under a specified load. The plate is moved to apply a friction stimulus
26、to the sample. The load is reduced for subsequent trials until the lowest load at which a reaction is obtained from at least one out of six trials is reached. 5 Preparation of test samples 5.1 Solid substances which are easily broken up or in powdered form Granular substances shall be passed through
27、 a sieve with a nominal aperture size of 0,5 mm. Substances which have been compressed, cast or otherwise consolidated shall be broken into small pieces before sieving. The fraction which passes through the sieve shall be used for the test. For substances which contain more than one constituent, the
28、 sieve fraction used for the test shall be representative of the original sample. EN 13631-3:2004 (E) 5 Take a sample of the prepared substance with a cylindrical measure of 10 mm 3capacity (2,3 mm diameter by 2,4 mm length) and place it in the friction apparatus. 5.2 Plastic-bonded substances and o
29、ther solids which are not easily broken up These substances shall be tested in the form of discs or chips of 10 mm 3and a minimum diameter of 4 mm. 5.3 Paste-like and gel-type substances For these substances fill a rectangular 0,5 mm thick gauge with a 2 mm x 10 mm window with the substance, place i
30、t the apparatus and remove the gauge carefully. 6 Apparatus 6.1 General The friction apparatus consists of a cast steel base on which the friction device is securely mounted, as shown in Figure 1. Dimensions in millimetres Key 1 Pivoted lever 2 Notches 3 Counterweight 4 Holder for porcelain peg 5 Po
31、rcelain plate 6 Movable carriage for porcelain plate 7 Operating switch 8 Wheel for manual adjustment 9 Cast steel base Figure 1 Friction apparatus 6.2 Loading device The loading device consists of a pivoted lever with six notches on one side, a counterweight on the other side and a holder for a por
32、celain peg. EN 13631-3:2004 (E) 6 By adjusting the counterweight at one end of the lever the zero load condition is set. When the loading device is lowered onto the porcelain plate the longitudinal axis of the porcelain peg is perpendicular to the plate. The notches on the loading device are located
33、 at distances of (110 2) mm, (160 2) mm, (210 2) mm, (260 2) mm, (310 2) mm, and (360 2) mm from the axis of the porcelain peg and are numbered from 1 (110 mm) to 6 (360 mm). A weight is hung from a notch by means of a ring and hook. The same ring and hook are used for all weights. There are nine di
34、fferent weights of 0,28 kg, 0,56 kg, 1,12 kg, 1,68 kg, 2,24 kg, 3,36 kg, 4,48 kg, 6,72 kg, and 10,08 kg, numbered from 1 to 9. All specified masses include the weight of the ring and hook. A range of applied loads, as listed in Table 1, is achieved by the use of different weights in different notche
35、s. Loads are given in Newtons N. NOTE The listed values are approximate because some basic values for the calculation are rounded to obtain integer numbers as results. The actual loads do not differ by more than 2 %. The cylindrical porcelain pegs are made from technical white porcelain and their ro
36、ughened ends are rounded. The dimensions are given in Figure 2. Dimensions in millimetres Figure 2 Porcelain peg EN 13631-3:2004 (E) 7 Table 1 Possible loads for the loading device (in Newtons) Weight no. Notch no. 1 2 3 4 5 6 1 5 6 7 8 9 10 2 10 12 14 16 18 20 3 20 24 28 32 36 40 4 30 36 42 48 54 6
37、0 5 40 48 56 64 72 80 6 60 72 84 96 108 120 7 80 96 112 128 144 160 8 120 144 168 192 216 240 9 180 216 252 288 324 360 6.3 Movable carriage The movable carriage runs in two guides and supports a porcelain plate on which the substance under test is located. 6.4 Porcelain plates The porcelain plates
38、shall be made from technical white porcelain conforming to EN 60672-3:1997, subgroup C 111 and, before being fired in an oven, both rubbing surfaces are thoroughly roughened by being rubbed with a sponge. The dimensions are given in Figure 3. EN 13631-3:2004 (E) 8 Dimensions in millimetres Figure 3
39、Porcelain plate The roughness measurement shall be performed with the following parameters: traverse length l t = 15 mm, individual sampling length l r= 2,5 mm, total sampling length l n = 5 x l r . The direction of measurements shall be perpendicular to the traces of the sponge. The roughness R ais
40、 measured six times on 10 plates (each side three times). The mean of these measurements shall be in the range of R a = 6 m to 15 m with no individual readings less than 5 m or greater than 19 m. 6.5 Motor and gearing The motor is connected via an eccentric cam and a suitable gearing to the movable
41、carriage. It is operated by a switch located on the front of the apparatus. The gearing allows the carriage to move forward and back for a distance of (10,0 0,2) mm in each direction. A single trial consists of one movement in each direction. A single operation of the switch causes the carriage to m
42、ove once in each direction. Motor and gearing shall be adjusted in such a way that the carriage moves (140 3) times per minute forward and back when the switch is held in the operating position. 7 Procedure NOTE Trials with high friction loads can result in sparking even when no substance is placed
43、on the porcelain plate. Because of this effect such trials should be observed with great care. The porcelain plate shall be fixed on the carriage so that the grooves of the sponge marks run transversely to the direction of movement. Attach the porcelain peg to the holder in the loading device. Place
44、 the substance to be tested on the plate and place the peg on the sample as shown in Figure 4. The peg shall rest on one end of the sample such that when the plate moves the sample travels underneath the peg. Attach the appropriate weights to the loading device. EN 13631-3:2004 (E) 9 Operate the swi
45、tch once and observe the behaviour of the substance under test. Classify the observation as one of the following: a) reaction b) no reaction The test shall be commenced with a load of 360 N. If in this trial a reaction is observed continue the test with stepwise lower loads until no reaction is obse
46、rved. Repeat the trial at this friction load a further five times provided no reaction occurs. Otherwise the test shall be repeated with stepwise reduction of friction loads until the load is achieved at which no reaction occurs in six trials. If in the first trial at 360 N no reaction is observed,
47、repeat the trial five times. If in all six trials no reaction occurs the substance shall be deemed to be insensitive to friction. If a reaction is obtained reduce the load as described above. Each part of the surface of the plate and peg shall be used only once. The two ends of the peg can be used f
48、or one trial each and the two friction surfaces of the plate can be used for three trials each. Figure 4 Direction of porcelain peg before start of motor EN 13631-3:2004 (E) 10 8 Test report The test report shall conform to EN ISO/IEC 17025. In addition the following information shall be given: a) reference to this document, i.e. EN 13631-3; b) grain size of the sample under test if relevant; c) ambient conditions during testing; d) results of all test series in the form of: friction load, number of trials, number of trials w
