1、U.S. Department of JusticeOffice of Justice ProgramsNational Institute of JusticeJULY08STANDARDSBallistic Resistance of Body ArmorNIJ Standard-0101.06www.ojp.usdoj.gov/nijProvided by IHSNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-U.S. Department of Justice Offi
2、ce of Justice Programs 810 Seventh Street N.W. Washington, DC 20531 Michael B. Mukasey Attorney General Jeffrey L. Sedgwick Acting Assistant Attorney General David W. Hagy Director, National Institute of Justice This and other publications and products of the National Institute of Justice can be fou
3、nd at: National Institute of Justice www.ojp.usdoj.gov/nij Office of Justice Programs Innovation Partnerships Safer Neighborhoods www.ojp.usdoj.gov Provided by IHSNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-ABOUT THE LAW ENFORCEMENT AND CORRECTIONS STANDARDS AN
4、D TESTING PROGRAM The Standards and Testing Program is sponsored by the Office of Science and Technology of the National Institute of Justice (NIJ), Office of Justice Programs, U.S. Department of Justice. The program responds to the mandate of the Homeland Security Act of 2002, which directed the Of
5、fice of Science and Technology to establish and maintain performance standards in accordance with the National Technology Transfer and Advancement Act of 1995 (Public Law 104113) to test and evaluate law enforcement technologies that may be used by Federal, State, and local law enforcement agencies.
6、 The Homeland Security Act of 2002 also directed the Office of Science and Technology to establish and maintain a program to certify, validate, and mark or otherwise recognize law enforcement technology products that conform to the standards mentioned above. The Standards and Testing Program is a ba
7、sic and applied research effort that determines the technological needs of justice system agencies, sets minimum performance standards for specific devices, tests commercially available equipment against those standards, and disseminates the standards and the test results to criminal justice agencie
8、s nationally and internationally. The Office of Law Enforcement Standards (OLES) at the National Institute of Standards and Technology develops voluntary national performance standards for compliance testing to ensure that individual items of equipment are suitable for use by criminal justice agenci
9、es. The standards are based upon laboratory testing and evaluation of representative samples of each item of equipment to determine the key attributes, develop test methods, and establish minimum performance requirements for each essential attribute. In addition to the technical standards, OLES also
10、 produces technical reports and user guidelines that explain in nontechnical terms the capabilities of available equipment. The National Law Enforcement and Corrections Technology Center (NLECTC), operated by a grantee, coordinates a national compliance testing program conducted by independent labor
11、atories. The standards developed by OLES serve as performance benchmarks against which commercial equipment is measured. Publications are available at no charge through NLECTC. Some documents are also available online at https:/www.justnet.org/justnet.html. To request a document or additional inform
12、ation, call 8002482742 or 3015195060, or write: National Law Enforcement and Corrections Technology Center 2277 Research Boulevard, Mailstop 8J Rockville, MD 20850 E-mail: asknlectcnlectc.org World Wide Web address: http:/www.justnet.org The National Institute of Justice is a component of the Office
13、 of Justice Programs, which also includes the Bureau of Justice Assistance, the Bureau of Justice Statistics, the Community Capacity Development Office, the Office for Victims of Crime; the Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention, and the Office of Sex Offender Sentencing, Monitoring,
14、Apprehending, Registering, and Tracking (SMART). i Provided by IHSNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-This page intentionally left blank. ii Provided by IHSNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-U.S. Departmen
15、t of Justice Office of Justice Programs National Institute of Justice Ballistic Resistance of Body Armor NIJ Standard0101.06 Supersedes: NIJ 2005 Interim Requirements, Ballistic Resistance of Body Armor (August 2005) Also supersedes: NIJ Standard0101.04 Rev. A, Ballistic Resistance of Personal Body
16、Armor (June 2001) Coordination by: Office of Law Enforcement Standards National Institute of Standards and Technology Gaithersburg, MD 208998102 Prepared for: National Institute of Justice Office of Science and Technology Washington, DC 20531 July 2008 NCJ 223054 iii Provided by IHSNot for ResaleNo
17、reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-iv NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF JUSTICE David Hagy Director John Morgan Deputy Director for Science and Technology Marc Caplan Chief, Operational Technologies Division Debra Stoe Physical Scientist, Operational Technologies Division The tech
18、nical effort to develop this standard was conducted under Interagency Agreement 2003IJR029. This standard was formulated by the Office of Law Enforcement Standards (OLES) of the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST). The participants in the research and revision of this standard were
19、: Kirk Rice, Program Manager, Weapons and Protective Systems Michael A. Riley, Program Manager, Weapons and Protective Systems, Testing and Evaluation Amanda Forster, Materials Research Engineer The preparation of this standard was sponsored by the National Institute of Justice. Provided by IHSNot f
20、or ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-FOREWORD This document, NIJ Standard0101.06, “Ballistic Resistance of Body Armor,” is a minimum performance standard developed in collaboration with the Office of Law Enforcement Standards (OLES) of the National Institute
21、of Standards and Technology (NIST). It is produced as part of the Standards and Testing Program of the National Institute of Justice (NIJ), Office of Justice Programs, U.S. Department of Justice. This standard is a technical document that specifies the minimum performance requirements that equipment
22、 must meet to satisfy the requirements of criminal justice agencies and the methods that shall be used to test this performance. This standard is used by the NIJ Voluntary Compliance Testing Program (CTP) to determine which body armor models meet the minimum performance requirements for inclusion on
23、 the NIJ Compliant Products List. In addition, manufacturers, criminal justice agencies, and others may use the tests described in this standard to determine whether a particular armor design meets their own requirements. Users are strongly encouraged to have this testing conducted in accordance wit
24、h the NIJ CTP. Procurement officials may also refer to this standard in their purchasing documents and require that equipment offered for purchase meet or exceed these requirements. This document is a testing and performance standard and provides precise and detailed test methods. Additional require
25、ments, processes, and procedures for CTP participants are detailed in the NIJ Voluntary CTP Administrative Procedures Manual. Those seeking guidance concerning the selection and application of body armor should refer to the most recent revision of the Selection and Application Guide to Personal Body
26、 Armor, NIJ Guide 100, which is published as a separate document and explains in nontechnical language how to select equipment that provides the level of performance required by a purchasing agency. Publication of this revision of the standard does not invalidate or render unsuitable any body armor
27、models previously determined by NIJ to be compliant to either the NIJ 2005 Interim Requirements or the NIJ Standard0101.04 Rev. A Requirements. While it may not necessary to remove these existing armors from service, agencies are advised to always require their procurements to meet or exceed the mos
28、t recent and up-to-date version of this standard. Personal body armor that is independently tested to this standard by manufacturers, purchasers, or other parties will not be considered as NIJ compliant unless the body armor is submitted and tested through the NIJ CTP and found in compliance with th
29、is standard. When manufacturers seek NIJ compliance of their armor to this standard and the armor contains unique materials or forms of construction that may not have been anticipated when this standard was drafted, NIJ may modify the test methods of the standard to take those features into account.
30、 If NIJ determines that the model meets the requirements of the standard, modified test methods, and the NIJ CTP, NIJ will include the armor on the NIJ Compliant Products List. v Provided by IHSNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-NIJ standards are subje
31、cted to continued research, development, testing, review, and revision. This standard and its successors will be re-evaluated and modified as necessary. Because of ongoing advancements in ballistic-resistant materials, changes to armor designs and manufacturing techniques, and improvements in testin
32、g methods, NIJ reserves the right to withhold NIJ compliance status for body armor that meets the current requirements but is deemed by NIJ to pose a risk to officer safety. NIJ also reserves the right to alter or modify existing test methods and/or requirements to address perceived weaknesses in va
33、rying designs of body armor submitted for inclusion on the NIJ Compliant Products List. Technical comments and recommended revisions are welcome. Please send all written comments and suggestions to the Deputy Director, Office of Science and Technology, National Institute of Justice, Office of Justic
34、e Programs, U.S. Department of Justice, 810 Seventh Street, NW, Washington, DC 20531. Before citing this or any other NIJ standard in a contract document, users should verify that the most recent edition of the standard is used. The most recent edition will be available on the Justice Technology Inf
35、ormation Network (JUSTNET) at http:/www.justnet.org, or write to the Director, Office of Law Enforcement Standards, National Institute of Standards and Technology, 100 Bureau Drive, Stop 8102, Gaithersburg, MD 20899. John Morgan, Deputy Director for Science and Technology, National Institute of Just
36、ice vi Provided by IHSNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-CONTENTS Foreword. v Commonly Used Symbols And Abbreviations xi 1. Purpose And Scope . 1 2. NIJ Body Armor Classification. 3 2.1 Type IIA (9 mm; .40 S .357 Magnum) . 3 2.3 Type IIIA (.357 SIG; .4
37、4 Magnum) 3 2.4 Type III (Rifles) 4 2.5 Type IV (Armor Piercing Rifle) . 4 2.6 Special Type 4 3. Definitions. 5 4. Sample Requirements and Laboratory Configuration. 11 4.1 Test Samples . 11 4.1.1 Flexible Vests and Jackets 11 4.1.2 Hard Armors and Plate Inserts 12 4.1.3 Accessory Ballistic Panels 17
38、 4.1.4 Workmanship 17 4.1.5 Labeling 17 4.1.6 Armor Carriers With Removable Ballistic Panels 20 4.1.7 Armors With Built-In Inserts or Trauma Packs 20 4.2 Laboratory Configuration and Test Equipment 20 4.2.1 Range Configuration. 20 4.2.2 Test Rounds and Barrels . 22 4.2.3 Velocity Measurement Equipme
39、nt . 22 4.2.4 Armor Submersion Equipment . 23 4.2.5 Armor Backing Material. 23 5. Flexible Armor Conditioning Protocol 27 5.1 Purpose and Scope 27 5.2 Pretest Parameters. 27 5.2.1 Storage of Armors. 27 5.2.2 Pretest Calibrations . 27 5.2.3 Test Conditions . 27 5.3 Laboratory Configuration and Test E
40、quipment 28 5.3.1 General Parameters . 28 5.3.2 Controls. 29 5.3.3 Test Interruption 29 5.3.4 Procedure 30 6. Hard Armor Conditioning Protocol. 33 6.1 Purpose and Scope 33 6.2 Pretest Parameters. 33 6.2.1 Storage of Armors. 33 6.2.2 Pretest Calibrations . 33 6.2.3 Test Conditions . 33 6.3 Laboratory
41、 Configuration and Test Equipment 35 vii Provided by IHSNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-6.3.1 General Parameters . 35 6.3.2 Controls. 35 6.3.3 Test Interruption 35 6.3.4 Conditioning Procedure 36 7. Ballistic Test Methods. 39 7.1 Purpose and Scope 3
42、9 7.2 Test Order . 39 7.3 Workmanship Examination 39 7.3.1 Armor Carriers and Ballistic Panel Covers. 39 7.3.2 Ballistic Panels 39 7.3.3 Label Examination 39 7.4 Sampling . 40 7.5 Sample Acclimation 40 7.5.1 Inserts 40 7.6 Fair Hit Requirements for All Ballistic Tests . 40 7.6.1 Minimum Shot-to-Edge
43、 Distance . 40 7.6.2 Minimum Shot-to-Shot Distance 40 7.7 Backing Material Preparation and Sample Mounting for All Ballistic Tests . 41 7.7.1 Backing Material Fixture Preparation. 41 7.7.2 Mounting Armor for Ballistic Testing 41 7.8 Perforation and Backface Signature Test (P-BFS) . 43 7.8.1 Shot Loc
44、ation Marking . 43 7.8.2 Armor Submersion 45 7.8.3 Test Threats for P-BFS Tests 45 7.8.4 Test Duration 45 7.8.5 Requirements for Number of Shots and Number of Armor Samples. 45 7.8.6 P-BFS Test for Special Type Armor. 49 7.8.7 P-BFS Test for Accessory Ballistic Panels. 49 7.8.8 P-BFS Performance Req
45、uirements . 49 7.9 Ballistic Limit (BL) Determination Test. 50 7.9.1 Requirements for Number of BL Tests and Test Samples . 51 7.9.2 Test Procedure Requirements . 51 7.9.3 Backing Material Conditioning. 52 7.9.4 Data Set Tabulation. 52 7.9.5 Ballistic Limit Performance Requirements. 52 8. References
46、 . 53 APPENDIX A Acceptable Bullets for Handloading 55 APPENDIX B Common Special Type Threats 57 APPENDIX C Armor Sizing Templates. 59 APPENDIX D Analysis of Backface Signature Data. 65 APPENDIX E Analysis of Ballistic Limit Data . 69 APPENDIX F Explanatory Materials. 71 viii Provided by IHSNot for
47、ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-TABLES Table 1. Armor samples required for each test threat (flexible vests and jackets) . 11 Table 2. Uniform thermal exposure conditions 33 Table 3. Thermal cycle testing conditions 34 Table 4. P-BFS performance test summar
48、y 46 Table 5. Number of shots and fair hits on each size of new condition armor samples. 47 Table 6. Number of shots and fair hits on each size of conditioned samples. 47 Table 7. Angle of incidence locations. 48 Table 8. Baseline ballistic limit determination test summary. 50 Table 9. Test parameters and requirements for ballistic limit test 51 Table 10. Acceptable bullets. 55 Table 11. Special type threats of particular concern to law enforcement. 58 Table 12. Surface areas of armor sizing templates . 59 Table 13. Minimum allowable surface areas for production armor 59 Table
