1、July 2015Translation by DIN-Sprachendienst.English price group 17No part of this translation may be reproduced without prior permission ofDIN Deutsches Institut fr Normung e. V., Berlin. Beuth Verlag GmbH, 10772 Berlin, Germany,has the exclusive right of sale for German Standards (DIN-Normen).ICS 97
2、.220.20!%D b) requirements regarding icing in Subclause 6.3.6.1 have been rendered more precise; c) Annex C “Grain size distribution of dirt” has been revised. Previous editions DIN 7881-1: 1975-11, 1978-10, 1982-02 DIN 7881-2: 1975-11, 1978-10 DIN 7881-3: 1978-10 DIN 7881-4: 1978-10 DIN ISO 9462: 1
3、994-02, 1999-04, 2004-01, 2007-04, 2010-06 DIN ISO 9462:2015-073National Annex NA (informative) Bibliography DIN ISO 5355, Alpine ski-boots Requirements and test methods DIN ISO 8061, Alpine ski-bindings Selection of release torque values DIN ISO 9465, Alpine ski-bindings Lateral release under impac
4、t loading Test method DIN ISO 9838, Alpine and touring ski-bindings Test soles for ski-binding tests DIN ISO 11087, Alpine ski-bindings Retention devices Requirements and test methods ASTM F504, Standard Test Method for Measuring the Quasi-Static Release Moments of Alpine Ski Bindings DIN ISO 9462:2
5、015-0741 ScopeThis International Standard specifies the main characteristics of ski-bindings and describes, as an example, the test methods A and B.This International Standard applies to ski-bindings for alpine skiing for children, juniors, and adults.2 Normative referencesThe following documents, i
6、n whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.ISO 5355, Alpine ski-boots Require
7、ments and test methodsISO 8061, Alpine ski-bindings Selection of release torque valuesISO 9465, Alpine ski-bindings Lateral release under impact loading Test methodISO 9838, Alpine and touring ski-bindings Test soles for ski-binding testsISO 11087, Alpine ski-bindings Retention devices Requirements
8、and test methods3 Terms and definitionsFor the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.3.1alpine ski-bindingsystem to ensure firm connection between boot and ski, fixing the heel low for downhill skiingNote 1 to entry: The system releases the boot from the ski when certa
9、in loads reach preset values.3.2releasedetachment of the boot from the ski by release of the mechanism that ensures the connection between boot and skiNote 1 to entry: This release is only considered effective when all the loads due to the boot/ski connection have dropped to values which present no
10、danger to the skier.3.3release valuesmaximum values of torques Mzand Mycaused at the boot/ski connection by the two movements of torsion and forward bendingNote 1 to entry: For the torques Mzand My, see Figure 1.Note 2 to entry: These values are generally adjustable on current bindings which have a
11、scale and an indicator displaying the setting level.Note 3 to entry: In the present state of the art, bindings are designed at least to release in torsion (Mz) and in forward bending (My).Alpine ski-bindings Requirements and test methods DIN ISO 9462:2015-0753.4reference valuevalue, adjusted after a
12、 series of tests, used as a basis of comparison to evaluate the behaviour of the binding during the testsNote 1 to entry: See 6.3.13.5combined loadingloading of the sole or ski in several directions at the same time, where one of the loads is the torque Mzprogressively applied to the sole until the
13、binding releasesNote 1 to entry: Each of the load combinations simulates a given situation, chosen within an infinite field of possibilities and simplified for the purpose of the tests. The main simplification being that the loads applied additionally to the release torque Mzare held constant in val
14、ue and direction during all the release process.3.6additional loadsloads applied additionally to the release torque Mz3.7deflection of the skideflection of the ski perpendicular to its gliding surfaceNote 1 to entry: In practice, the deflection of the ski depends at the same time on the loading situ
15、ation and the profile of the snow-surface (“geometrical” situation). In test simplification, only the “geometrical” situation is simulated.DIN ISO 9462:2015-076Note 2 to entry: For the loading, see Figure 1 and Table 1. N1) National footnote: C = Children N2) National footnote: A = Adults a) Mz= 10
16、Nm;b) My= 37 m .3.9type CA bindingsbindings suitable for boot soles complying with types C and A of ISO 5355, which can be adjusted to at least the following release values:a) Mz= 20 Nmb) My= 75 Nm3.10type A bindingsbindings suitable for boot soles complying with type A of ISO 53553.11limitL1lowest
17、possible position of the setting indicator3.12limitL2position of the indicator at the lowest mark on the setting scale3.13limitL3position of the indicator at the highest mark on the setting scale3.14limitL4highest possible position of the setting indicator4 Test conditions4.1 Loading rateThe tests s
18、hall be performed quasi-statically, ensuring that the following indicative values of the torque gradient comply with:a) torsion release:The angular velocity of the test shall be for:Mz(moment in z-axis)3,8/sec 0,1/secFAV (moment in y-axis measured with force)5 mm/s 2mm/s73.8type C bindingsbindings s
19、uitable for boot soles complying with type C of ISO 5355, which can be adjusted to at least the following release values:N3) National footnote: The unit “m” in the original ISO document is incorrect. It should read “Nm”. N3)DIN ISO 9462:2015-073,8/sec 0,1/secFSH Energy absorption (recentering)5 mm/s
20、 2mm/s4.2 Accuracy of measurementThe measurement error of the release value in torsion shall be smaller than 2 % for values above 50 Nm inclusive and 1 Nm for values below 50 Nm.The measurement error of the release value in forward bending shall be smaller than 2 % for values above 200 Nm inclusive
21、and 4 Nm for values below 200 Nm.The test equipment shall be designed to allow application of pure moments without any extraneous forces during the entire release process.4.3 Test soleThe test sole shall be in accordance with ISO 9838.If a boot-binding system requires a specific boot-sole design, a
22、test sole should be cut from a boot provided by the manufacturer and adapted for test needs.The test sole shall be degreased, washed, and dried before testing.4.4 Test skiFor the release tests in the laboratory, the bindings shall be mounted either on whole skis or on appropriate sections of skis. I
23、f the binding is pre-mounted (already mounted on the ski by the producer), use the ski with which the binding is delivered in its medium size. If not, choose a ski which represents the market.5 Test methods A and B5.1 PrincipleThe binding shall be mounted on a ski in accordance with the manufacturer
24、s instructions. A test sole shall then be inserted in the binding.In method A, the ski is rigidly connected to the test frame and the torque Mzor Myis progressively applied to the sole until the binding releases. The peak value of Mzor Myis recorded.In method B, the sole is rigidly connected to the
25、test frame through a sensor which measures the torques Mzand My. Forces are progressively applied to the ski until the binding releases. The peak value of Mzor Myis recorded.Annexes A and B give examples of how to realize method A or method B.Passing by either method shall be deemed satisfactory.5.2
26、 Simple torsion testFor method A, see Figure 2.DIN ISO 9462:2015-078b) forward bending release:The angular velocity of the test shall be for:My(moment in y-axis)KeyaFixed ski.Figure 2 Application of Mztorque and measurement of Mz, maxFor method B, see Figure 3.DIN ISO 9462:2015-079KeyaFixed base.Fig
27、ure 3 Application of two equal forces FNHand FRHand measurement of Mz, maxtorque5.3 Forward bending testFor method A, see Figure 4.KeyaFixed ski.Figure 4 Application of Mytorque and measurement of My, maxFor method B, see Figure 5.DIN ISO 9462:2015-0710KeyaFixed base.Figure 5 Application of two equa
28、l forces FNVand FRVand measurement of My, max6 Requirements and testing6.1 General requirementsNOTE This subclause deals with general requirements covering topics where the evaluation is carried out visually.6.1.1 Function and form6.1.1.1 The binding shall release at least in two cases when applying
29、 a torque Mzabout an axis perpendicular to the ski gliding surface, and when applying a torque Myabout an axis parallel to the ski surface and perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the ski.The binding is said to release when the mentioned torque reaches a maximum value (release value) and then d
30、rops to a value that is harmless for the skier. After release, all the loads applied by the ski and the boot on the leg shall remain under the dangerous level for all possible movements, and until all the risks associated with the coupling boot-ski have disappeared.6.1.1.2 The release level shall be
31、 clearly indicated by a scale covering all of the setting range anticipated by the manufacturer. The release shall still be possible at the upper limit (maximum setting). Settings above Z = 10 shall be clearly differentiated from settings below Z = 10 on the indicator scale.6.1.1.3 Each procedure of
32、 adjustment to the boot having an influence on the binding functioning shall be verifiable by the use of a clear indicator, or by any other means considered suitable by the operator for showing the correct adjustment.6.1.1.4 The binding shall be equipped with a ski-brake or allow for an easy and sec
33、ure attachment of a leash. The ski-brake and the attachment for the leash shall be according to ISO 11087.DIN ISO 9462:2015-07116.1.1.5 The design of the ski-brake or the leash shall be such that, after release, no unnecessary danger will occur to the skier.6.1.1.6 The binding shall have an external
34、 design which does not have a negative influence on skiing or cause unnecessary risk of injuries when used normally.6.1.2 Handling6.1.2.1 Mounting instructionsThe manufacturer or the importer shall deliver mounting instructions that are easily understood to the sports shop. These instructions shall
35、include at leasta) the mechanical procedure for adjusting the release values of the binding,b) recommendations for determining the appropriate release values for the skier,c) the sole characteristics required for good functioning of the binding,d) the boot-sole requirements and preparation for mount
36、ing of additional elements if necessary,e) the preparation and mounting of the binding e.g. use of jig, compatibility with ski, etc.,f) the adjustment instructions necessary for accommodating different boot-sole lengths and heights, the centering of the sole and ways of controlling the length adjust
37、ment,g) the ways of performing the basic functional tests after mounting,h) recommendation for setting the binding with a setting device, andi) troubleshooting procedures for non-symmetric release and readjustment.6.1.2.2 Instructions for useAn easily understood set of instructions for the skier sha
38、ll be included with all bindings. These instructions shall contain at leasta) the warnings against important modifications of the recommended setting,b) the instructions on how to step in and out of the binding, how to restore the binding to its initial position after release, and how to open the bi
39、nding after a fall in an awkward position,c) the recommendations for avoiding problems, for example increase of the release level with time,d) the instructions for maintenance, storage, and control of the binding,e) the recommendations for setting the binding by a specialist with a setting device an
40、d for controlling this setting each year,f) a warning that, when skiing in deep snow, the brake alone is not sufficient to avoid losing the ski, andg) the information on the appropriate ski-boots the binding is designed to function with.DIN ISO 9462:2015-07126.2 Release tests Setting, reproducibilit
41、y, and symmetry of release values6.2.1 Requirements6.2.1.1 Scattering of valuesThe difference between each of the five values and their mean value shall not exceed 10 % of that mean value.6.2.1.2 Symmetry in torsionThe difference between the mean of the five values of Mzin one direction and the mean
42、 of the 10 values of Mz shall not exceed 10 % of the latter.6.2.1.3 Accuracy of setting scaleThe release value that corresponds to the indicator position of the setting scale is given in Table 2.For Mz, the tolerance is 5 Nm for Z = 1 and then increases linearly to 10 Nm for Z = 10.For My, the toler
43、ance is calculated by taking into account the relationship between Myand Mzgiven in Table 2.NOTE To determine the tolerances on Mzand Myuse Figures D.1 and D.2.This requirement applies to each of the mean values of the 10 values of Mz and each of the mean values of the five values of Mycorresponding
44、 to the settings L2, 1/3, 2/3, and L3.For the highest setting (limit L4, i.e. off the scale), these mean values shall not exceed the mean values corresponding to limit L3by more than 20 %.6.2.2 Testing6.2.2.1 SamplingCarry out the test on four bindings randomly chosen from a set of six bindings. If
45、the preceding requirements in 6.2.1 are not fulfilled, two of the four bindings can be replaced by the remaining two bindings in this set.6.2.2.2 Choice of settingsThe tests shall be carried out at ambient temperature (23 5) C, with the sole and bindings dry, for the following settings: limit L2; at
46、 approximately 1/3 of the scale; at approximately 2/3 of the scale; limit L3; limit L4.The tests shall be carried out using the sole length corresponding to the setting mark, according to Table 2.DIN ISO 9462:2015-0713Table 2 Setting scaleSetting mark ZRelease torquesSole length l mmMzNmMyNm0,5 5 18
47、 2001 10 37 2251,5 15 55 2432 20 75 2582,5 25 94 2703 30 114 2803,5 35 134 2904 40 154 2984,5 45 175 3065 50 196 3145,5 55 218 3206 60 239 3276,5 65 261 3337 70 284 3397,5 75 307 3448 80 330 3508,5 85 353 3559 90 377 3609,5 95 401 36410 100 425 369For each setting, release each of the four bindings
48、five times in torsion to the right (+Mz), five times in torsion to the left (Mz), and five times in forward bending (My).6.2.2.3 Calculation of mean valuesCalculate for each setting and each binding the following values: mean value of the five values of +Mz; mean value of the five values of Mz; mean
49、 value of the 10 values of Mz; mean value of the five values of My.6.3 Evaluation of reproducibility of release under different influences6.3.1 Order of testsCarry out the tests described in this subclause in the following order on the four bindings already used for the tests in 6.2.2.6.3.2 Reference valuesSet the bindings in order to release for one pair of the values Mz/ Myindicated below:DIN ISO 9462:2015-0714l = 250 mm forMz= 20 Nm 2 Nm, andMy= 75 Nm 5 Nm;l = 305 mm forMz= 40 Nm 3 Nm, andMy= 154
