1、September 2008DEUTSCHE NORM English price group 10No part of this standard may be reproduced without prior permission ofDIN Deutsches Institut fr Normung e. V., Berlin. Beuth Verlag GmbH, 10772 Berlin, Germany,has the exclusive right of sale for German Standards (DIN-Normen).ICS 81.080!$Qf=“1466726w
2、ww.din.deDDIN EN ISO 1893Refractory products Determination of refractoriness under load Differential method with rising temperature (ISO 1893:2007)English version of DIN EN ISO 1893:2008-09Feuerfeste Erzeugnisse Bestimmung des Erweichungsverhaltens unter Druck (Druckerweichen) Differentialverfahren
3、mit steigender Temperatur (ISO 1893:2007)Englische Fassung DIN EN ISO 1893:2008-09SupersedesDIN EN 993-8:1997-08www.beuth.deDocument comprises 17 pagesDIN EN ISO 1893:2008-09 2 National foreword This standard has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 33 “Refractories” and has been adopted as E
4、N ISO 1893:2008 by Technical Committee CEN/TC 187 “Refractory products and materials” (Secretariat: BSI, United Kingdom). The responsible German body involved in its preparation was the Normenausschuss Materialprfung (Ma-terials Testing Standards Committee), Technical Committee NA 062-02-57 AA Ungef
5、ormte, dichte geformte und wrmedmmende feuerfeste Erzeugnisse und Werkstoffe. ISO 3187 DIN EN 993-9 ISO 3599 DIN 862 IEC 60584-1 DIN EN 60584-1, DIN EN 60584-1 Corrigendum 1 IEC 60584-2 DIN EN 60584-2 Amendments This standard differs from DIN EN 993-8:1997-08 as follows: a) The standard number has b
6、een changed and the title has been made more precise. b) The specifications in subclause 8.2 have been made more precise. c) The standard has been editorially revised. Previous editions DIN 51053-1: 1973-01 DIN EN 993-8: 1997-08 National Annex NA (informative) Bibliography DIN 862, Vernier callipers
7、 Requirements and testing DIN EN 993-9, Methods of testing dense shaped refractory products Part 9: Determination of creep in compression DIN EN 60584-1, Thermocouples Part 1: Reference tables DIN EN 60584-1 Corrigendum 1, Corrigenda to DIN EN 60584-1:1996-10 DIN EN 60584-2, Thermocouples Part 2: To
8、lerances The DIN Standards corresponding to the International Standards referred to in this document are as follows: EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN ISO 1893 June 2008 ICS 81.080 Supersedes EN 993-8:1997 English Version Refractory products - Determination of refractoriness under
9、 load - Differential method with rising temperature (ISO 1893:2007) Produits rfractaires - Dtermination de laffaissement sous charge - Mthode diffrentielle avec lvation de la temprature (ISO 1893:2007) Feuerfeste Erzeugnisse - Bestimmung des Erweichungsverhaltens unter Druck (Druckerweichen) - Diffe
10、rentialverfahren mit steigender Temperatur (ISO 1893:2007) This European Standard was approved by CEN on 29 May 2008. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without a
11、ny alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN Management Centre or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made
12、 by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN Management Centre has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Franc
13、e,Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR N
14、ORMUNG Management Centre: rue de Stassart, 36 B-1050 Brussels 2008 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN ISO 1893:2008: E2 DIN EN ISO 1893:2008-09 EN ISO 1893:2008 (E) Contents Page Foreword3 1 Scope 4 2 Normative referen
15、ces 4 3 Terms and definitions .4 4 Principle4 5 Apparatus .5 6 Test piece 10 7 Procedure 11 8 Calculation of results . 11 9 Test report . 13 Annex A (normative) Measuring device below or above the furnace. 14 Bibliography. 15 Foreword 3 EN ISO 1893:2008 (E) DIN EN ISO 1893:2008-09 The text of ISO 18
16、93:2007 has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 33 “Refractories” of the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) and has been taken over as EN ISO 1893:2008 by Technical Committee CEN/TC 187 “Refractory products and materials” the secretariat of which is held by BSI. This Europe
17、an Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by December 2008, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by December 2008. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the ele
18、ments of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN and/or CENELEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. This document supersedes EN 993-8:1997. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following
19、 countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia
20、, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom. Endorsement notice The text of ISO 1893:2007 has been approved by CEN as a EN ISO 1893:2008 without any modification. 1 Scope This International Standard specifies a method for determining the deformation of dense and insulating shaped refractory
21、products, when subjected to a constant load under conditions of progressively rising temperature (or refractoriness under load), by a differential method. The test may be carried out up to a maximum temperature of 1 700 C. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable f
22、or the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. ISO 3599, Vernier callipers reading to 0,1 and 0,05 mm IEC 60584-1, Thermocouples Part 1: References ta
23、bles IEC 60584-2, Thermocouples Part 2: Tolerances 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply. 3.1 refractoriness under load measure of the behaviour of a refractory material subjected to the combined effects of load, rising temperature and t
24、ime 4 Principle A cylindrical test piece is subjected to a specified constant compressive load and heated at a specified rate of temperature increase until a prescribed deformation or subsidence occurs. The deformation of the test piece is recorded as the temperature increases, and the temperatures
25、corresponding to specified proportional degrees of deformation are determined. 4 DIN EN ISO 1893:2008-09 EN ISO 1893:2008 (E) 5 Apparatus 5.1 Loading device 5.1.1 General The loading device shall be capable of applying a load centred on the common axis of the loading column, the test piece and the s
26、upporting column, and directed vertically along this axis at all stages of the test. The loading device consists of the items given in 5.1.2 to 5.1.4. A constant compressive load is applied in a downward direction from above the test piece which is resting directly or indirectly on a fixed base. The
27、 deformation of the test piece is measured by a device that passes either through the loading device or through an intermediate base. The text and Figures 1 and 2 show the measuring device passing through the base but, by interchanging the bored column and refractory plate with the unbored column an
28、d plate, the measuring device may pass through the loading device, as in Figure 3. Although both arrangements are within the scope of this International Standard, it is preferable that the measuring device be positioned below the assembly, as shown in Figure 2. The reasons for this are outlined in A
29、nnex A. 5.1.2 Fixed column The fixed column shall be at least 45 mm in external diameter and with an axial bore (see 5.1.5). 5.1.3 Moving column The moving column shall be at least 45 mm in external diameter. NOTE Arrangements can be made for the moving column to be fixed to the furnace, and the com
30、bination of furnace and column then forms the moveable loading device. 5.1.4 Two discs The two discs shall be 5 mm to 10 mm thick, at least 50,5 mm in diameter and not less than the actual diameter of the test pieces, and shall be made of an appropriate refractory material compatible with the materi
31、al under test. EXAMPLES High-fired mullite or alumina for alumino-silicate products or magnesia or spinel for basic products. These discs are placed between the test piece and the fixed and moving columns. The disc placed between the test piece and the fixed column (in the arrangement shown in Figur
32、e 2) or between the test piece and the moving column (in the arrangement shown in Figure 3) shall have a central bore (see 5.1.5). The ends of the fixed and moving columns shall be plane and perpendicular to their axes; the faces of each disc shall be plane and parallel. If a chemical reaction is ex
33、pected between the discs and the test piece, a platinum or platinum/rhodium foil (0,2 mm thick) shall be placed between them. 5.1.5 Layout The arrangement of the two columns, the two discs, the platinum or platinum/rhodium foil if used, and the test piece is shown in Figure 1, which also shows typic
34、al diameters of the bores in the fixed column and the disc between them. 5 EN ISO 1893:2008 (E) DIN EN ISO 1893:2008-09 Dimensions in millimetres Key 1 moving column (5.1.3), ext. 45 min. 2 upper disc (5.1.4), ext. 50,5 min. 3 Pt-Rh foil, ext. 50,5*, int. 12 4 test piece (6.1), ext. 50 0,5, int. 12
35、min., 13 max. 5 Pt-Rh foil, ext. 50,5*, int. 10 6 lower disc (5.1.4), ext. 50,5 min., int. 10 7 fixed column (5.1.2), ext. 45 min., int. 20 min. 8 inner alumina tube (5.3.2), ext. 8*, int. 5* 9 central thermocouple (5.4.1) 10 outer alumina tube (5.3.1), ext. 15*, int. 10 NOTE Typical dimensions are
36、marked with an asterisk (*). Figure 1 Example of an arrangement of test piece, columns, discs and tubes 6 DIN EN ISO 1893:2008-09 EN ISO 1893:2008 (E) 5.1.6 Load The columns and the discs shall be capable of withstanding the applied load up to the final test temperature without significant deformati
37、on. There shall be no reaction between the discs and the loading system. The material from which the discs are made shall have a T1value greater than, or equal to, the temperature at which the test material has a T5value (see 8.5). 5.2 Furnace A furnace (preferably with its axis vertical) shall be u
38、sed, capable of raising the temperature of the test piece to the final test temperature at the specified rate (see 7.3) in an atmosphere of air. The temperature of the region of the furnace occupied by the test piece, when at a stable temperature above 500 C, shall be uniform around the test piece (
39、12,5 mm above and below) to within 20 C; this shall be verified by carrying out tests using the thermocouples located at different points on the curved surface of the test piece. The furnace design should be such that the whole of the column assembly can be easily reached, either by movement of the
40、supporting column or, if access into the furnace is restricted, by movement of the furnace itself. The assembly should be such that the test piece and loading column stand vertically and coaxial with the support column when unrestrained. 5.3 Measuring device The measuring device shall consist of the
41、 items specified below. 5.3.1 Outer alumina tube, placed inside the fixed column to abut on the lower side of the lower disc and free to move within the fixed column (see also 5.3.3). 5.3.2 Inner alumina tube, placed inside the outer alumina tube and passing through the bores in the lower disc and i
42、n the test piece to abut on the lower face of the upper disc, and free to move within the outer alumina tube, the lower disc and the test piece (see also 5.3.3). 5.3.3 The alumina tubes shall be capable of withstanding, without significant distortion, the load imposed on them by the measuring instru
43、ment at all temperatures up to the final test temperature. The two possible arrangements of the two tubes, the two discs and test pieces are shown in Figure 2 and Figure 3. Where the measuring instrument is mounted above the test piece, as shown in Figure 3, adequate precautions should be taken to p
44、rotect the instrument from the effects of heat rising from the furnace. 5.3.4 Appropriate measuring instrument (for example a dial-gauge or length transducer connected to an automatic recording system), fixed to the end of the outer tube (5.3.1) and actuated by the inner tube (5.3.2). The sensitivit
45、y of the measuring device shall be at least 0,005 mm. 7 EN ISO 1893:2008 (E) DIN EN ISO 1893:2008-09 Key 1 moving column 2 upper disc 3 central thermocouple 4 control thermocouple 5 test piece 6 lower disc 7 inner alumina tube 8 outer alumina tube 9 fixed column 10 measuring instrument Figure 2 Test
46、 apparatus Measuring instrument below test piece 8 DIN EN ISO 1893:2008-09 EN ISO 1893:2008 (E) Key 1 inner alumina tube 2 outer alumina tube 3 moving column 4 upper disc 5 central thermocouple 6 control thermocouple 7 test piece 8 lower disc 9 fixed column Figure 3 Test apparatus Measuring instrume
47、nt above test piece 9 EN ISO 1893:2008 (E) DIN EN ISO 1893:2008-09 5.4 Temperature-measurement devices 5.4.1 Central thermocouple, passing through the inner alumina tube (5.3.2) of the dilatometer, with its junction at the mid-point of the test piece, for measuring the temperature of the test piece
48、at its geometric centre. 5.4.2 Control thermocouple, which shall be placed in a sheath and situated outside the test piece (see Figures 2 and 3), for regulating the rate of rise of temperature. NOTE For certain furnace constructions, it may be advisable to place the thermocouple nearer to the heatin
49、g elements. 5.4.3 The thermocouples (5.4.1 and 5.4.2) shall be made from platinum and/or platinum-rhodium wire, and shall be compatible with the final test temperature. They shall be in accordance with IEC 60584-1 and IEC 60584-2. The accuracy of the thermocouples shall be checked on a regular basis. The central thermocouple may be connected to a continuous-recording device which may form part of a temperature/displacement-recording system. In this case, calibration of the instrumentation shall be carried
