1、March 2016 English price group 10No part of this translation may be reproduced without prior permission ofDIN Deutsches Institut fr Normung e. V., Berlin. Beuth Verlag GmbH, 10772 Berlin, Germany,has the exclusive right of sale for German Standards (DIN-Normen).ICS 75.160.10!%ME“2429934www.din.deDIN
2、 EN ISO 18123Solid biofuels Determination of the content of volatile matter (ISO 18123:2015);English version EN ISO 18123:2015,English translation of DIN EN ISO 18123:2016-03Biogene Festbrennstoffe Bestimmung des Gehaltes an flchtigen Bestandteilen (ISO 18123:2015);Englische Fassung EN ISO 18123:201
3、5,Englische bersetzung von DIN EN ISO 18123:2016-03Biocombustibles solides Mthode de dtermination de la teneur en matires volatiles (ISO 18123:2015);Version anglaise EN ISO 18123:2015,Traduction anglaise de DIN EN ISO 18123:2016-03SupersedesDIN EN 15148:2010-03www.beuth.deDocument comprises 15 pages
4、DTranslation by DIN-Sprachendienst.In case of doubt, the German-language original shall be considered authoritative.03.16 DIN EN ISO 18123:2016-03 2 A comma is used as the decimal marker. National foreword This document (EN ISO 18123:2015) has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 238 “Solid b
5、iofuels” in collaboration with Technical Committee CEN/TC 335 “Solid biofuels” (Secretariat: SIS, Sweden). The responsible German body involved in its preparation was DIN-Normenausschuss Materialprfung (DIN Standards Committee Materials Testing), Working Committee NA 062-05-82 AA Feste Biobrennstoff
6、e. The DIN Standards corresponding to the International Standards referred to in this document are as follows: ISO 16559 DIN EN ISO 16559 ISO 18134-3 DIN EN ISO 18134-3 Amendments This standard differs from DIN EN 15148:2010-03 as follows: a) the content of EN ISO 18123 (based on EN 15148) has been
7、adopted in full; b) references to EN Standards have been replaced by references to the relevant ISO Standards and have been updated, e.g. in Clauses 2 and 3. c) Clause 7 “Procedure” has been revised; d) Clause 9 “Performance characteristics” including Table 1 dealing with the repeatability and repro
8、ducibility of the method has been revised; e) the standard has been editorially revised. Previous editions DIN CEN/TS 15148: 2006-03 DIN EN 15148: 2010-03 National Annex NA (informative) Bibliography DIN EN ISO 16559, Solid biofuels Terminology, definitions and description DIN EN ISO 18134-3, Solid
9、biofuels Determination of moisture content Oven dry method Part 3: Moisture in general analysis sample EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN ISO 18123 November 2015 ICS 75.160.10 Supersedes EN 15148:2009English Version Solid biofuels - Determination of the content of volatile matter (
10、ISO 18123:2015) Biocombustibles solides - Mthode de dtermination de la teneur en matires volatiles (ISO 18123:2015) Biogene Festbrennstoffe - Bestimmung des Gehaltes an flchtigen Bestandteilen (ISO 18123:2015) This European Standard was approved by CEN on 5 September 2015. CEN members are bound to c
11、omply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENE
12、LEC Management Centre or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the
13、 same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembo
14、urg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey andUnited Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels
15、2015 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN ISO 18123:2015 EEuropean foreword 3Introduction 51 Scope . 62 Normative references 63 Terms and definitions . 64 Principle 75 Apparatus . 75.1 Furnace 75.2 Thermocouples and temp
16、erature calibration 85.3 Crucible 85.4 Crucible stand 95.5 Balance 105.6 Desiccator and desiccant . 106 Sample preparation 106.1 Sample size 106.2 Sample conditioning 107 Procedure 117.1 Conditioning of crucibles 117.2 Charging of crucibles 117.3 Volatilization of test portion . 118 Calculation . 11
17、9 Performance characteristics . 129.1 Repeatability 129.2 Reproducibility 1210 Test report 12Bibliography . 13Contents PageDIN EN ISO 18123:2016-03 EN ISO 18123:2015 (E)2Foreword 4European foreword This document (EN ISO 18123:2015) has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 238 “Solid biofuels“
18、 in collaboration with Technical Committee CEN/TC 335 “Solid biofuels” the secretariat of which is held by SIS. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by May 2016, and conflicting national s
19、tandards shall be withdrawn at the latest by May 2016. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN and/or CENELEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. This document supersedes EN 151
20、48:2009. This document has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the European Free Trade Association, and supports essential requirements of EU Directive(s). According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following c
21、ountries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway,
22、 Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom. Endorsement notice The text of ISO 18123:2015 has been approved by CEN as EN ISO 18123:2015 without any modification. DIN EN ISO 18123:2016 03 -EN ISO 18123:2015 (E)3 ForewordISO (the Internati
23、onal Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been
24、 established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standa
25、rdization.The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular the different approval criteria needed for the different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordanc
26、e with the editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives).Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of
27、any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www.iso.org/patents).Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not constitute an endorseme
28、nt.For an explanation on the meaning of ISO specific terms and expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISOs adherence to the WTO principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) see the following URL: Foreword - Supplementary informationThe committee responsible
29、 for this document is ISO/TC 238, Solid biofuels.DIN EN ISO 18123:2016-03 EN ISO 18123:2015 (E)4 IntroductionThe volatile matter content is determined as the loss in mass, less that due to moisture, when a solid biofuel is heated out of contact with air under standardised conditions. The test is emp
30、irical and, in order to ensure reproducible results, it is essential that the rate of heating, the final temperature, and the overall duration of the test are carefully controlled. It is also essential to exclude air from the solid biofuel during heating to prevent oxidation. The fit of the crucible
31、 lid is therefore critical. The moisture content of the general analysis sample is determined at the same time as the volatile matter so that the appropriate correction can be made.DIN EN ISO 18123:2016 03 -EN ISO 18123:2015 (E)5 1 ScopeThis International Standard aims to define the requirements and
32、 method used to determine the volatile matter content of solid biofuels. It is intended for persons and organisations that manufacture, plan, sell, erect or use machinery, equipment, tools, and entire plants related to solid biofuels, and to all persons and organisations involved in producing, purch
33、asing, selling, and utilizing solid biofuels.The volatile matter content is determined as the loss in mass, less that due to moisture, when solid biofuel is subject to partial pyrolysis under standardized conditions.2 Normative referencesThe following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively
34、referenced in this document and are indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.ISO 16559, Solid biofuels Terminology, definitions and descriptionsISO
35、 18134-3, Solid biofuels Determination of moisture content Oven dry method Part 3: Moisture in general analysis sampleEN 147781),Solid Biofuels SamplingEN 147802), Solid biofuels Sample preparation3 Terms and definitionsFor the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO 16559
36、and the following apply.3.1nominal top sizeaperture of the sieve where at least 95 % by mass of the material passesSOURCE: ISO 165593.2laboratory samplecombined sample or a sub-sample of a combined sample for use in a laboratorySOURCE: ISO 165593.3test portionsub-sample either of a laboratory sample
37、 or a test sampleSOURCE: ISO 165591) To be replaced by ISO 18135.2) To be replaced by ISO 14780.DIN EN ISO 18123:2016-03 EN ISO 18123:2015 (E)6 3.4general analysis samplesub-sample of a laboratory sample having a nominal top size of 1 mm or less and used for a number of chemical and physical analyse
38、sSOURCE: ISO 165594 PrincipleA portion of the general analysis sample is heated mostly out of contact with air at 900 C 10 C for 7 min. The furnace is normally not equipped with a vacuum however there is a partial vacuum created during heating to a degree depending on air influx during charging of t
39、he test portion into the chamber and the air trapped in the crucible before the lid is put on. The percentage of volatile matter is calculated from the loss in mass of the test portion after deducting the loss in mass due to moisture.Automatic equipment may be used when the method is validated with
40、biomass reference samples of an adequate biomass type. The automatic equipment shall fulfil all the requirements given in Clauses 5 to 8 regarding sample size, atmosphere, temperatures, and weighing accuracy.5 Apparatus5.1 FurnaceThe furnace shall be heated by electricity, in which a zone of uniform
41、 temperature of 900 C 10 C can be maintained (see example in Figure 1).NOTE It is important for furnaces to have flues so that the furnace door seals well. The flue should not reach far out of the oven and should be fitted with a butterfly valve to restrict airflow through the furnace.Its heating ca
42、pacity shall be such that, with an initial temperature of 900 C 10 C, the temperature is regained within 4 min after insertion of a cold stand and its crucibles. The temperature is measured with a thermocouple, as described in 5.2.Normally the furnace will be designed specifically either for multipl
43、e determinations using a number of crucibles in one stand or for receiving one crucible and its stand.The crucible stand shall be placed in the middle of the furnace. The temperature of 900 C shall be attained as closely as possible with a specified tolerance of 10 C in order to compensate for inher
44、ent errors in the temperature measurement and lack of uniformity in the temperature distribution.DIN EN ISO 18123:2016 03 -EN ISO 18123:2015 (E)7 Dimensions in millimetresFigure 1 Example of suitable furnaceKey1 flue 5 zone of uniform temperature2 valve 6 check thermocouple3 thermocouple 7 chamber (
45、width 700 mm)4 heating system5.2 Thermocouples and temperature calibrationA sheathed thermocouple shall be permanently installed in the furnace (see right hand side of Figure 1) with its thermo junction as close as possible to the centre of the heating chamber.An unsheathed thermocouple (see left ha
46、nd side of Figure 1) long enough to reach the centre of the heating chamber is used for calibration.The furnace temperature readings shall be checked at regular time intervals with an unsheathed calibrated thermocouple. The unsheathed thermocouple (see Clause 5) shall be positioned as close as possi
47、ble to the area of the permanently installed thermocouple.NOTE The temperature/electromotive force (EMF) relationship of a thermo junction maintained at elevated temperatures gradually changes with time, which means that the time for the determination should not be longer than necessary.5.3 Crucible
48、The crucible shall be cylindrical, with a well-fitting lid, both made of fused silica. The crucible with lid shall have a mass between 10 g and 14 g and dimensions approximate those shown in Figure 2. The fit of the lid on the crucible is critical to the determination and a lid shall be selected to match the crucible so that the horizontal clearan
