1、July 2009DEUTSCHE NORM English price group 14No part of this standard may be reproduced without prior permission ofDIN Deutsches Institut fr Normung e. V., Berlin. Beuth Verlag GmbH, 10772 Berlin, Germany,has the exclusive right of sale for German Standards (DIN-Normen).ICS 13.110; 13.180!$Xj=“15371
2、26www.din.deDDIN EN ISO 14738Safety of machinery Anthropometric requirements for the design of workstations atEnglish version of DIN EN ISO 14738:2009-07Sicherheit von Maschinen Anthropometrische Anforderungen an die Gestaltung von Maschinenarbeitspltzen(ISO 14738:2002 + Cor. 1:2003 + Cor. 2:2005)En
3、glische Fassung DIN EN ISO 14738:2009-07SupersedesDIN EN ISO 14738:2008-12www.beuth.deDocument comprises 32 pagesmachinery (ISO 14738:2002 + Cor. 1:2003 + Cor. 2:2005)DIN EN ISO 14738:2009-07 2 Start of validity This standard takes effect on 1 December 2008. DIN EN ISO 14738:2005-03 may be used in p
4、arallel until 28 December 2009. National foreword This standard includes safety requirements within the meaning of the Gerte- und Produktsicherheitsgesetz (GPSG) (German Equipment and Product Safety Act) and in connection with European legislation (EC Machinery Directive), which has been implemented
5、 by national legislation. This standard has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 159 “Ergonomics” in collaboration with Technical Committee CEN/TC 122 “Ergonomics” (Secretariat: DIN, Germany), taking into account the new revised EU Machinery Directive. The responsible German bodies involved i
6、n its preparation were the Normenausschuss Ergonomie (Ergonomics Standards Committee) and the Normenausschuss Maschinenbau (Mechanical Engineering Standards Committee), Joint Technical Committee NA 023-00-03 GA Anthropometrie und Biomechanik. This standard contains specifications meeting the essenti
7、al requirements set out in Annex I of the “Machinery Directive”, Directive 98/37/EC (valid until 28 December 2009), and the “revised Machinery Directive”, Directive 2006/42/EC, which takes effect on 29 December 2009, and which apply to machines that are either first placed on the market or commissio
8、ned within the EEA. This standard serves to facilitate proof of compliance with the essential requirements of the directives. Once this standard is cited in the Official Journal of the European Union, it is deemed a “harmonized” standard and thus, a manufacturer applying this standard may assume com
9、pliance with the requirements of the Machinery Directive (“presumption of conformity”). Amendments This standard differs from DIN EN ISO 14738:2005-03 as follows: a) Inclusion of Annex ZB (informative) “Relationship between this European Standard and the Essential Requirements of EU Directive 2006/4
10、2/EC”. Compared with DIN EN ISO 4738:2008-12, the following correction has been made to the German version only and therefore does not affect the English text: a) Table ZB.1 of Annex ZB has been corrected. Previous editions DIN EN ISO 14738: 2005-03, 2008-12 EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPIS
11、CHE NORM September 2008 ICS 13.110; 13.180 Supersedes EN ISO 14738:2002English Version Safety of machinery - Anthropometric requirements for the design of workstations at machinery (ISO 14738:2002, including Cor. 1:2003 and Cor. 2:2005) Scurit des machines - Prescriptions anthropomtriques relatives
12、la conception des postes de travail sur les machines (ISO 14738:2002, Cor. 1:2003 et Cor. 2:2005 inclus) Sicherheit von Maschinen - Anthropometrische Anforderungen an die Gestaltung von Maschinenarbeits-pltzen (ISO 14738:2002 + Cor. 1:2003 + Cor. 2:2005) This European Standard was approved by CEN on
13、 25 August 2008. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may
14、 be obtained on application to the CEN Management Centre or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CE
15、N Management Centre has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlan
16、ds, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG Management Centre: rue de Stassart, 36 B-1050 Brussels 2008 CEN All rights of exploitation in
17、 any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN ISO 14738:2008: EEN ISO 14738 2 Contents Page Foreword .3 0 Introduction .4 1 Scope .4 2 Normative references .4 3 Task requirements 4 4 Determination of main work posture 5 5 Dimensional data for workstation design
18、6 6 Sitting .6 6.1 Working height, working surface height and slope . 10 6.2 Seat . 11 6.3 Sitting - measurements . 12 7 Raised sitting . 14 7.1 Raised sitting - measurements . 16 8 Standing with support . 17 8.1 Standing with support - measurements 17 9 Standing 19 9.1 Standing - measurements . 20
19、Annex A (normative) Anthropometric data 21 Annex B (informative) Body dynamics 25 Annex ZA (informative) Relationship between this European Standard and the Essential Requirements of EU Directive 98/37/EC .28 Annex ZB (informative) Relationship between this European Standard and the Essential Requir
20、ements of EU Directive 2006/42/EC 29 Bibliography 30 EN ISO 14738:2008 (E) DIN EN ISO 14738:2009-07 3 Foreword The text of ISO 14738:2002, including Cor. 1:2003 and Cor. 2:2005 has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 159 “Ergonomics” of the International Organization for Standardization (ISO
21、) and has been taken over as EN ISO 14738:2008 by Technical Committee CEN/TC 122 “Ergonomics” the secretariat of which is held by DIN. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by March 2009, a
22、nd conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by December 2009. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN and/or CENELEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. T
23、his document supersedes EN ISO 14738:2002. This document has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the European Free Trade Association, and supports essential requirements of EC Directive(s). For relationship with EC Directive(s), see informative Annexes ZA and ZB
24、, which are integral parts of this document. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, German
25、y, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom. Endorsement notice The text of ISO 14738:2002, including Cor. 1:2003 and Cor. 2:2005 has been appr
26、oved by CEN as EN ISO 14738:2008 without any modification. EN ISO 14738:2008 (E) DIN EN ISO 14738:2009-07 4 DIN EN ISO 14738:2009-07 EN ISO 14738:2008 (E) 5 DIN EN ISO 14738:2009-07 EN ISO 14738:2008 (E) Figure 1 - Analysis method for determining main work posture6 DIN EN ISO 14738:2009-07 EN ISO 14
27、738:2008 (E) 7 DIN EN ISO 14738:2009-07 EN ISO 14738:2008 (E) 8 DIN EN ISO 14738:2009-07 EN ISO 14738:2008 (E) 9 DIN EN ISO 14738:2009-07 EN ISO 14738:2008 (E) Table 3 - Vertical working areas taking account of eye, head and body movementPosture Notation Value Explanation of measurementa 30a = field
28、 of vision for frequent hand-ling and observation without requiringhead and body movement (seeISO 9355-2 for further information)ab303060a = field of vision (eye movements)b = head movement angle withoutdownward body movement a +b = field of vision for handling andvisual detection wheredownward head
29、 movement is permis-sibleabg30303090a = field of vision (eye movements)b = head movement angle withoutdownward body movement g = angle for extended head move-ment or head and body movement(downwards)a +b +g = field of vision only foroccasional handling and observationwhere downward head and bodymove
30、ment is permissibleSuch postures should not be maintainedfor any length of time.d 90 d = field of vision upwards, only foroccasional handling and observationwhere head and body movement ispermissibleNOTE: According to table 4, the working areas are designated by curved lines.10 DIN EN ISO 14738:2009
31、-07 EN ISO 14738:2008 (E) 6.1 Working height, working surface height and slope When working on objects or on other devices there can be a certain difference between the working height and theworking surface height. Working height in this standard means the height of the hands when working, while wor
32、kingsurface height means the height of the supporting level. The working height should be chosen to provide anadequate posture for the body and at the same time fulfil visual needs. The choice is a compromise betweendemands on low load on the neck, arms, shoulders and back and demands on viewing dis
33、tance for adequate visualcontrol. The optimal working surface height and the slope depend on the work task. The figure 3 provides guidelinesthat can be used in most situations.Task demands Posture Working height Working surfaceheightFine co-ordination of hand-work (arm supported) com-bined with visu
34、al monitoring inthe same working areahigher than elbowheighthigh working surfacepossibleActive movements with arms,small objectsat elbow height surface at elbowheightHandling of large, but notexcessively bulky or heavyobjectsvariable, depen-ding on the sizeof the objectsurface below elbowheight if c
35、ompatiblewith space for legs; aforward sloping seatcan provide morespaceFigure 3 - Recommendations for working heightsIn order to provide sufficient clearance for the thighs while allowing a good working height for the hands the workingsurface should be as thin as possible; this is a prerequisite fo
36、r users to achieve good working postures. Theminimum thickness of the surface will depend on the strength characteristics of the material used and other technicaldemands. In practice a 30 mm thick surface will often provide an acceptable compromise between the space needsand the strength characteris
37、tics.11 DIN EN ISO 14738:2009-07 EN ISO 14738:2008 (E) 12 DIN EN ISO 14738:2009-07 EN ISO 14738:2008 (E) 13 DIN EN ISO 14738:2009-07 EN ISO 14738:2008 (E) 14 DIN EN ISO 14738:2009-07 EN ISO 14738:2008 (E) 15 DIN EN ISO 14738:2009-07 EN ISO 14738:2008 (E) 16 DIN EN ISO 14738:2009-07 EN ISO 14738:2008
38、 (E) 7.1 Raised sitting - measurementsTable 6 - Raised sitting, space requirements for legs and feetPosture Notation EuropeanValue(mm)aExplanation of measurementsWorking surface height notadjustableA Leg space height, sitting adjustable:820 Amax=h16(P95)+b18(P95)+x3495 Amin=h16(P5) +b18(P5)+x1not ad
39、justable:720 A=h16(P95)+b18(P95)+x1B Foot and leg space, width (for access to seat)1094 B=2CC Leg space, depth at knee height547 C=c1(P95)-b15(P5)+z1D Leg space depth for the feet882 D=c1(P95)-b15(P5)+c2(P95)+z2E Space for leg movement under seat, in sittingposition 285 E=c2(P95)F905Seat height (adj
40、ustable)Fmax=H-b18(P5)745 Fmin=H-(b18(P95)+x3-x1)G Footrest height adjustable:535 Gmax=H-Amin210 Gmin=H-Amaxnot adjustable: (only in combination with anadjustable working surface height)375 G=h1(P95)-h11(P95)-h16(P95)H Leg space height from the floor1030 H=W-KK 30 work surface thickness (recommended
41、 maximum),see clause 6.1W Working surface height1060 W=0,5 (h4(P95)+h4(P5), or: W = h4(P50)For allowances x, y, z see clause 5Working surface height adjustableNote: The working surface height shouldoptimally be adjustable from the elbow heightof a seated small person to the elbow heightof a standing
42、 large person but this is notusually practicable at machinery. In practicea range of adjustability of at least Wadjshouldbe provided.WadjW265Range of adjustability for work surface heightWadj=h4(P95)-h4(P5)The level about which adjustability should be provided shouldbe selected according to the task
43、 requirements, see table 8.For the adjustability of a footrest when standing, see table 8.NOTE: For an explanation of notations see Annex A.asee page 1317 DIN EN ISO 14738:2009-07 EN ISO 14738:2008 (E) 18 DIN EN ISO 14738:2009-07 EN ISO 14738:2008 (E) 19 DIN EN ISO 14738:2009-07 EN ISO 14738:2008 (E
44、) 20 DIN EN ISO 14738:2009-07 EN ISO 14738:2008 (E) 21 DIN EN ISO 14738:2009-07 EN ISO 14738:2008 (E) 22 DIN EN ISO 14738:2009-07 EN ISO 14738:2008 (E) 23 DIN EN ISO 14738:2009-07 EN ISO 14738:2008 (E) 24 DIN EN ISO 14738:2009-07 EN ISO 14738:2008 (E) 25 DIN EN ISO 14738:2009-07 EN ISO 14738:2008 (E
45、) 26 DIN EN ISO 14738:2009-07 EN ISO 14738:2008 (E) 27 DIN EN ISO 14738:2009-07 EN ISO 14738:2008 (E) Annex ZA (informative) Relationship between this European Standard and the Essential Requirements of EU Directive 98/37/EC This European Standard has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by th
46、e European Commission and the European Free Trade Association to provide a means of conforming to Essential Requirements of the New Approach Directive 98/37/EC on machinery, amended by 98/79/EC. Once this standard is cited in the Official Journal of the European Communities under that Directive and
47、has been implemented as a national standard in at least one Member State, compliance with the normative clauses of this standard given in Table ZA.1 confers, within the limits of the scope of this standard, a presumption of conformity with the relevant Essential Requirements of that Directive and as
48、sociated EFTA regulations. Clause(s)/sub-clause(s) of this EN Essential Requirements (ERs) of Directive 98/37/EC, amended by 98/79/EC Qualifying remarks/Notes All clauses Annex I: 1.1.2.d, 3.2, 4.2.1.1, 4.2.1.2 - WARNING Other requirements and other EU Directives may be applicable to the product(s) falling within the scope of this standard. 28 Table ZA.1 Correspondence between this European Standard and Directive 98/37/EC, amended by 98/79/EC DIN EN ISO 14738:2009-07 EN ISO 14738:2008 (E)
