1、June 2017 English price group 22No part of this translation may be reproduced without prior permission ofDIN Deutsches Institut fr Normung e. V., Berlin. Beuth Verlag GmbH, 10772 Berlin, Germany,has the exclusive right of sale for German Standards (DIN-Normen).ICS 13.040.20!%g$|“2680189www.din.deDIN
2、 EN 16909Ambient air Measurement of elemental carbon (EC) and organic carbon (OC) collected on filters;English version EN 16909:2017,English translation of DIN EN 16909:2017-06Auenluft Messung von auf Filtern gesammeltem elementarem Kohlenstoff (EC) und organisch gebundenem Kohlenstoff (OC);Englisch
3、e Fassung EN 16909:2017,Englische bersetzung von DIN EN 16909:2017-06Air ambiant Mesurage du carbone lmentaire (EC) et du carbone organique (OC) prlevs sur filtre;Version anglaise EN 16909:2017,Traduction anglaise de DIN EN 16909:2017-06www.beuth.deDocument comprises 60 pagesDTranslation by DIN-Spra
4、chendienst.In case of doubt, the German-language original shall be considered authoritative.06.17This standard has been included in the VDI/DIN Handbook on air quality, Volume 5. DIN EN 16909:2017-06 2 A comma is used as the decimal marker. National foreword This document (EN 16909) has been prepare
5、d by Technical Committee CEN/TC 264 “Air quality” (Secretariat: DIN, Germany), Working Group WG 35 “EC/OC in PM” (Secretariat : DIN, Germany), with the active participation of German experts of Kommission Reinhaltung der Luft im VDI und DIN Normenausschuss KRdL (Commission on Air Pollution Preventio
6、n of VDI and DIN Standards Committee KRdL). EN 16909 is based on CEN/TR 16243:2011 Ambient air quality Guide for the measurement of elemental carbon (EC) and organic carbon (OC) deposited on filters which has been adopted as DIN SPEC 33964:2011-11. The EC/OC measurement procedure presented in CEN/TR
7、 16243 has been validated by complex European field tests and has then been described in EN 16909. The responsible German body involved in its preparation was the Kommission Reinhaltung der Luft im VDI und DIN Normenausschuss KRdL, Working Group 134-04-02-09 UA “Measurement of particles in ambient a
8、ir” of Section IV “Environmental Measurement Techniques”, Mirror Committee for CEN Working Group CEN/TC 264/WG 35. In addition to the legal units of measurement, this standard also uses the unit “psi”. It should be noted that the Gesetz ber Einheiten im Messwesen (German Law on units in metrology) p
9、rohibits the use of this unit for official and commercial purposes in Germany. The indication of this unit solely serves to facilitate the communication with those countries where this unit is used (import-export business). Conversion: Unit not permitted Unit permitted Conversion psi Pa 1 psi = 6 89
10、4,757 Pa The DIN Standard corresponding to the International Standard referred to in this document is as follows: EN 12341 DIN EN 12341 DIN EN 16909:2017-06 3 National Annex NA (informative) Bibliography DIN EN 12341, Ambient air Standard gravimetric measurement method for the determination of the P
11、M or PM2,5 mass concentration of suspended particulate matter VDI 2463 Part 1, Particulate matter measurement Gravimetric determination of mass concentration of suspended particulate matter in ambient air General principles VDI 2463 Part 7, Particulate matter measurement Determination of suspended p
12、articulate matter and gaseous chemical compounds in ambient air and indoor air Active sampling via low-volume sampler (LVS) VDI 2463 Part 8, Particulate matter measurement Determination of suspended particulate matter in ambient air and indoor air Non-fractioning sampling system for low-volume sampl
13、ers (LVS) VDI 2463 Part 11, Particulate matter measurement Measurement of mass concentration in ambient air Filter method; Digitel DHA-80 filter changer VDI 2465 Part 1, Measurement of soot (immission) Chemical analysis of elemental carbon by extraction and thermal desorption of the organic carbon V
14、DI 2465 Part 2, Measurement of soot (ambient air) Thermographic determination of elemental carbon after thermal desorption of organic carbon VDI 3491 Part 16, Particulate matter measurement Generation of carbon aerosols using a spark aerosol generator DIN EN 16909:2017-06 4 This page is intentionall
15、y blank EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN 16909 March 2017 ICS 13.040.20 English Version Ambient air - Measurement of elemental carbon (EC) and organic carbon (OC) collected on filters Air ambiant - Mesurage du carbone lmentaire (EC) et du carbone organique (OC) prlevs sur filtre
16、Auenluft - Messung von auf Filtern abgeschiedenem elementarem Kohlenstoff (EC) und organisch gebundenem Kohlenstoff (OC) This European Standard was approved by CEN on 2 January 2017. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving t
17、his European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official
18、 versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Aus
19、tria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spa
20、in, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and United Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels 2017 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwid
21、e for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN 16909:2017 EEN 16909:2017 (E) 2 Contents Page European foreword . 5 Introduction 6 1 Scope 7 2 Normative references 7 3 Terms, definitions and abbreviations . 7 3.1 Terms and definitions . 7 3.2 Abbreviations and acronyms 8 4 Principle . 9 5 Materials and inst
22、ruments 9 5.1 Materials . 9 5.1.1 Gases 9 5.1.2 Standard solution 9 5.1.3 Other materials 9 5.2 Instruments . 9 5.2.1 Sampling instruments . 9 5.2.2 Analytical instruments 9 6 Sampling 10 6.1 Filter material . 10 6.2 Preheating of filter material and handling . 10 6.3 Sampling duration and frequency
23、 10 6.4 Field sampling and type of sampler 11 6.5 Site types . 11 6.6 Filter environment during sampling. 11 7 Transport and storage 11 7.1 Handling 11 7.2 Time and temperature limits . 11 8 Analysis 11 8.1 General . 11 8.2 Thermal protocol . 12 9 Artefacts and interferences 13 9.1 General . 13 9.2
24、Sampling 13 9.3 Transport and storage 13 9.4 Analysis 14 10 Quality assurance/quality control (QA/QC) . 14 10.1 QA/QC for sampling parameters 14 10.2 Field blank determination 14 10.3 Laboratory blank determination . 15 10.4 Calibration for TC . 15 10.5 Long term stability and repeatability . 15 10.
25、6 Other-QA/QC checks . 15 10.6.1 Use of quality control filters . 15 10.6.2 Calibration gas injections 16 DIN EN 16909:2017-06 EN 16909:2017 (E) 3 10.6.3 Calibration and checks on temperature sensors and optical systems 16 10.6.4 Stability of the laser signal 16 10.7 Applicable concentration range 1
26、6 11 Calculation of concentrations of EC and OC . 17 12 Data recording . 17 13 Determination of measurement uncertainty . 18 Annex A (informative) Example of a logbook information . 21 Annex B (informative) An example of a standard operating procedure for analysing EC and OC 22 B.1 General . 22 B.2
27、Start-up . 22 B.3 Cleaning the system . 23 B.4 Running the instrument blank . 23 B.5 Running an external calibration standard 23 B.6 Running an external long term calibration standard 24 B.7 Running a EC/OC control sample and routine samples 26 B.8 Shutdown of instrument 26 Annex C (informative) Met
28、hods for the assessment of carbonate carbon 28 Annex D (informative) Preparation of stock sucrose solutions and calibration standards . 30 Annex E (informative) Example for the determination of measurement uncertainty . 31 Annex F (informative) Statistical analysis of Organic Carbon (OC), Elemental
29、Carbon (EC) and Total Carbon (TC) concentrations collected on filters from field validation exercise 34 F.1 General . 34 F.2 Analysis methodology . 34 F.2.1 General . 34 F.2.2 Calculating between- and within-laboratory variability 35 F.2.2.1 Notation 35 F.2.2.2 Data processing . 35 F.2.2.3 Outlier r
30、ejection 35 F.2.2.4 Data normalization 36 F.2.2.5 Analysis of variance . 37 F.2.2.6 Calculation of standard deviations . 37 F.2.3 Calculating between-sampler variability . 38 F.2.3.1 Notation 38 F.2.3.2 Data processing . 38 F.2.4 Combined standard uncertainty . 39 F.3 Remarks . 39 DIN EN 16909:2017-
31、06 EN 16909:2017 (E) 4 F.4 Results 39 F.4.1 Data set 1 Between laboratory and internal laboratory variability . 39 F.4.2 Data set 2 Between sampler variability 41 F.4.3 Data set 3a Site specific ranking 42 F.4.4 Data set 3B - Uncertainty over the measured concentration range. 47 Annex G (informative
32、) Good example for an instrument blank laser signal for EUSAAR2 54 Figure G.1 Good example for an instrument blank laser signal for EUSAAR2 including 3 % uncertainty limits 54 Bibliography . 55 DIN EN 16909:2017-06 EN 16909:2017 (E) 5 European foreword This document (EN 16909:2017) has been prepared
33、 by Technical Committee CEN/TC 264 “Air quality”, the secretariat of which is held by DIN. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by September 2017, and conflicting national standards shall
34、be withdrawn at the latest by September 2017. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. This document has been prepared under a mandate given t
35、o CEN by the European Commission and the European Free Trade Association. According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organisations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Den
36、mark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom. DIN E
37、N 16909:2017-06 EN 16909:2017 (E) 6 Introduction For air quality across the European Union to be assessed on a consistent basis, Member States need to employ standard measurement techniques and procedures. The aim of this European Standard is to present guidance on the measurement procedures to be f
38、ollowed when monitoring elemental carbon (EC) and organic carbon (OC) collected on filters, following Council Directive 2008/50/EC on ambient air quality and cleaner air for Europe 1. This requires the chemical speciation of the sub-2,5 m size fraction of suspended particulate matter (PM2,5) in ambi
39、ent air, as described in Annex IV. The method set out in this European Standard provides operational definitions of the measured quantities. Currently no traceable primary reference materials are available for EC and OC analysis and no absolute scientific distinction between EC and OC is possible. D
40、IN EN 16909:2017-06 EN 16909:2017 (E) 7 1 Scope This European Standard is applicable for the measurement of elemental carbon (EC) and organic carbon (OC) following the requirement for all EU member states to measure EC and OC in particulate matter from June 2010 at background sites according to the
41、Council Directive 2008/50/EC on ambient air quality and cleaner air for Europe 1. This European Standard describes the analytical procedures for determining EC and OC on quartz fibre filters as g/cm2, and the subsequent calculation of concentrations as g/m3. Sampling onto filters is to be done in ac
42、cordance with EN 12341:2014 for PM2,5. The sampling process determines the size fraction of the particulate matter, the retention of semi-volatile material, and uptake/loss of volatile organic compounds on the filter at the time of sampling. The same analysis method may also be used for smaller size
43、 fractions than PM2,5. Any possible additional artefacts for larger particles, e.g. pyrolysis or higher concentrations of carbonates, should be assessed. The scope includes rural background and urban background sites. The measurement method can also be applied to other site types, provided that the
44、measurement range given below is not exceeded. The use of this standard at all site types allows the assessment of additional exposure of people in urban areas as stated in the objectives of the council directive and to achieve coherence in the European approach. The applicable concentration range o
45、f the proposed method is limited by the optical correction and instrument applied in the analysis of EC and OC. This method was validated from 0,2 g CEC/cm2and 1,8 g COC/cm2to 38 g CEC/cm2and 49 g COC/cm2in the laboratory and to 16 g CEC/cm2and 45 g COC/cm2in the laboratory validation exercise and i
46、n the field validation exercise. 2 Normative references The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referen
47、ced document (including any amendments) applies. EN 12341:2014, Ambient air - Standard gravimetric measurement method for the determination of the PM10 or PM2,5 mass concentration of suspended particulate matter 3 Terms, definitions and abbreviations For the purposes of this document, the following
48、terms, definitions and abbreviations apply. 3.1 Terms and definitions 3.1.1 total carbon TC total quantity of carbon in a PM sample, including EC, OC and IC Note 1 to entry: The amount of TC released from a PM sample in the specified thermal desorption and oxidation process may be different from oth
49、er analytical methods. 3.1.2 inorganic carbon IC fraction of carbon belonging to mineral species, including carbonates and other species DIN EN 16909:2017-06 EN 16909:2017 (E) 8 3.1.3 carbonate carbon CC fraction of carbon belonging to a carbonate compound Note 1 to entry: Carbonate carbon (mainly CaCO3 and MgCO3) is viewed as the only inorganic carbon fraction being released within the temperature range used in the thermal protocol. 3.1.4 elemental carbon EC fraction of total carbon in a PM sample, char
