1、November 2012 Translation by DIN-Sprachendienst.English price group 22No part of this translation may be reproduced without prior permission ofDIN Deutsches Institut fr Normung e. V., Berlin. Beuth Verlag GmbH, 10772 Berlin, Germany,has the exclusive right of sale for German Standards (DIN-Normen).I
2、CS 27.010!$Q“1922546www.din.deDDIN EN 16212Energy efficiency and savings calculation Top-down and Bottom-up methods;English version EN 16212:2012,English translation of DIN EN 16212:2012-11Energieeffizienz- und -einsparberechnung Top-Down- und Bottom-Up-Methoden;Englische Fassung EN 16212:2012,Engli
3、sche bersetzung von DIN EN 16212:2012-11Efficacit nergtique et calcul dconomies Mthodes top-down (descendante) et bottom-up (ascendante);Version anglaise EN 16212:2012,Traduction anglaise de DIN EN 16212:2012-11www.beuth.deIn case of doubt, the German-language original shall be considered authoritat
4、ive.Document comprises 61 pages 10.12 DIN EN 16212:2012-11 2 A comma is used as the decimal marker. National foreword This standard has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/CLC/JWG 4 “Energy Efficiency and Energy Savings Calculation” (Secretariat: NEN, Netherlands). The responsible German body i
5、nvolved in its preparation was the Normenausschuss Grundlagen des Umweltschutzes (Principles of Environmental Protection Standards Committee), Working Committee NA 172-00-09 AA Energieeffizienz und Energiemanagement. The DIN Standard corresponding to the International Standard referred to in this do
6、cument is as follows: ISO 13790 DIN EN ISO 13790 National Annex NA (informative) Bibliography DIN EN ISO 13790, Energy performance of buildings Calculation of energy use for space heating and cooling EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN 16212 August 2012 ICS 27.010 English version En
7、ergy Efficiency and Savings Calculation, Top-down and Bottom-up Methods Efficacit nergtique et calcul dconomies - Mthodes top-down (descendante) et bottom-up (ascendante) Energieeffizienz und -einsparberechnung - Top-Down- und Bottom-Up-Methoden This European Standard was approved by CEN on 13 July
8、2012. CEN and CENELEC members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards ma
9、y be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN and CENELEC member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN and CENELEC member into its ow
10、n language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versions. CEN and CENELEC members are the national standards bodies and national electrotechnical committees of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, For
11、mer Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and United Kingdom. CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Avenue Marnix
12、 17, B-1000 Brussels 2012 CEN/CENELEC All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members and for CENELEC Members. Ref. No. EN 16212:2012 EEN 16212:2012 (E) 2 Contents Page Foreword 4Introduction .51 Scope 62 Normative references 63 Terms and definitio
13、ns .64 Characteristics of top-down and bottom-up methods 114.1 Characteristics 114.2 Energy efficiency improvement measure 124.3 Type of energy savings 134.3.1 Total, autonomous and policy induced savings . 134.3.2 Baseline and additional savings . 154.4 Type of data used . 164.5 System boundaries .
14、 165 Top-down saving calculations 175.1 Energy efficiency indicators 175.1.1 General . 175.1.2 Structure effects and disaggregation . 175.1.3 Indicator choice and savings definition . 185.2 General calculation of top-down energy savings 185.2.1 Calculation approach . 185.2.2 Definition of indicator
15、types 185.2.3 Calculation of indicator values 195.2.4 Calculation of energy savings per indicator 215.3 Other issues in the calculation of top-down savings . 235.3.1 General . 235.3.2 Calculation alternatives . 235.3.3 Energy consumption units 245.3.4 Miscellaneous . 256 Bottom-up saving calculation
16、s . 256.1 Elaboration on the object of assessment 256.1.1 Elementary unit of action and unitary energy savings . 256.1.2 Baseline options for end-use actions . 266.1.3 Saving types from bottom-up calculations 276.2 General calculation of bottom-up energy savings 276.2.1 Calculation approach . 276.2.
17、2 Step 1: Calculation of unitary gross annual energy savings . 296.2.3 Step 2: Calculation of total gross annual energy savings . 346.2.4 Step 3: Calculation of total annual energy savings 356.2.5 Step 4: Calculation of remaining energy savings for target year 376.2.6 Calculation of overall bottom-u
18、p energy savings, taking into account overlap 38Annex A (informative) Examples of energy efficiency indicators . 40A.1 Introduction . 40A.2 Sectors and indicators . 40A.2.1 Sectors covered 40A.2.2 Choice of indicators on energy savings 40A.3 Indicators for the residential sector 41A.3.1 General . 41
19、A.3.2 Space heating 42DIN EN 16212:2012-11 EN 16212:2012 (E) 3 A.3.3 Water heating . 43A.3.4 Large appliances . 43A.3.5 Lighting and other appliances . 43A.3.6 Total electricity consumption 43A.3.7 Total non-electricity consumption . 43A.4 Indicators for the service sector 44A.4.1 General . 44A.4.2
20、Total energy consumption 44A.4.3 Total electricity consumption 45A.4.4 Total non-electricity consumption . 45A.4.5 Fuels and delivered heat for space heating 45A.4.6 Electricity for lighting or air-conditioning . 45A.4.7 Electricity for ICT and other equipment 45A.5 Indicators for the transportation
21、 sector 45A.5.1 General . 45A.5.2 Fuel use in cars . 46A.5.3 Fuel use in road freight transport 47A.5.4 Energy use for other modes . 47A.6 Indicators for the Industry sector 47A.6.1 General . 47A.6.2 Energy-intensive industry 48A.6.3 Other industrial branches . 48Annex B (informative) Level of detai
22、l and data handling in bottom up calculations 49B.1 Levels of detail in savings calculations 49B.2 Harmonisation and data handling . 50Annex C (informative) Bottom up application for buildings; boiler replacement . 52C.1 Introduction 52C.2 Potential examples of calculations 53C.3 Example for categor
23、y 2: Replacement of heating supply equipment in residential and tertiary buildings . 54C.3.1 Step 1: calculation of unitary gross annual energy savings 54C.3.2 Step 2: total gross annual energy savings . 57C.3.3 Step 3: total annual energy savings 57C.3.4 Step 4: total remaining energy savings for t
24、arget year . 58Bibliography 59DIN EN 16212:2012-11 EN 16212:2012 (E) 4 Foreword This document (EN 16212:2012) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/CLC/TC JWG 4 “Energy Efficiency and Energy Savings Calculation”, the secretariat of which is held by NEN. This European Standard shall be given t
25、he status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by February 2013, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by February 2013. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may b
26、e the subject of patent rights. CEN and/or CENELEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organisations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, B
27、elgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Swi
28、tzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom. DIN EN 16212:2012-11 EN 16212:2012 (E) 5 Introduction Due to uncertainties of energy supply and the need to limit the greenhouse effect, European countries have adopted policies to increase the energy efficiency and to develop the use of renewable energy sour
29、ces. The amount of energy to be saved in each state separately, and overall for the European Union (EU), has been notified in international agreements. In recent years the EU has adopted several Directives as part of the efforts at EU level to improve energy efficiency. An example is the Directive 2
30、006/32/EC on energy end-use efficiency and energy services (ESD). The ESD establishes for 2016 a national indicative energy savings target, equal to 9 % of final energy consumption in five years before 2007.This target is to be reached through energy services and other energy efficiency improvement
31、measures. The formulation of policies and targets has led to the need for harmonised monitoring and evaluation methods on energy savings at international level and at European level. In addition many countries that get involved in the monitoring of the energy savings achieved, or the impact of imple
32、mented policies and measures, need these calculation methods as well. This European Standard covers the following topics: the methodology and general rules of calculation; terminology and definitions; parameters and data, including data quality and data sources. This European Standard covers both to
33、p-down and bottom-up calculation methods. The top-down method is based on energy indicators (e.g. mean gas consumption per dwelling) which are often calculated from statistical data. The bottom-up method considers end-user actions and facilitating measures to enhance energy efficiency. For top-down
34、the standard uses the results of earlier indicator work in the Odyssee project and in the framework of the ESD. For bottom-up the standard builds on the results of the EMEEES project, initially done in the framework of the ESD implementation. These results are the starting point for this standard wh
35、ich is general in nature and applicable to a larger category of purposes and users than the EU-driven ESD. NOTE 1 The ODYSSEE project develops and updates energy efficiency indicators that can be used to calculate top-down energy savings for the 27 EU countries plus Norway and Croatia. NOTE 2 The EM
36、EEES project dealt with the definition of top-down and bottom-up calculation methods to monitor the ESD savings. The top-down and bottom-up calculation methods are presented as two separate calculation methods. Using a combination of top-down and bottom-up methods is not part of this standard. Howev
37、er, the differences and application of both methods will be highlighted. This European Standard provides a general framework for calculating energy savings. For top-down, examples of specific calculations per indicator are presented separately. For bottom-up, one specific application case, on buildi
38、ng energy use, is presented as example. After normative references (Clause 2) and terms and definitions (Clause 3) the characteristics of the top-down and bottom-up methods are presented in Clause 4. The top-down calculation method is described in Clause 5 and the bottom-up calculation methods in Cl
39、ause 6. Annex A provides some example indicators that may be used in top-down calculations. Annex B deals with the level of detail at which bottom-up methods can be applied. Annex C describes the bottom-up example case for buildings. DIN EN 16212:2012-11 EN 16212:2012 (E) 6 1 Scope This European Sta
40、ndard provides a general approach for energy efficiency and energy savings calculations with top-down and bottom-up methods. The general approach is applicable for energy savings in buildings, cars, appliances, industrial processes, etc. This European Standard covers energy consumption in all end-us
41、e sectors. The standard does not cover energy supply, e.g. in power stations, as it considers only final energy consumption. This European Standard deals with savings on energy supplied to end-users. Some forms of renewable energy “behind-the-meter” (e.g. from solar water heating panels) reduce supp
42、lied energy and therefore can be part of the calculated energy savings. Users of the standard should be aware that this renewable energy behind the meter can also be claimed as energy generated. The standard is meant to be used for ex-post evaluations of realised savings as well as ex-ante evaluatio
43、ns of expected savings. This European Standard provides saving calculations for any period chosen. However, short data series may limit the possible periods over which savings can be calculated. The standard is not intended to be used for calculating energy savings of individual households, companie
44、s or other end-users. 2 Normative references The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced documen
45、t (including any amendments) applies. CWA 15693:2007, Saving Lifetimes of Energy Efficiency Improvement Measures in bottom-up calculations 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply: 3.1 adjustment factor quantifiable parameter affecting ener
46、gy consumption SOURCE: CEN/CLC/TR 16103:2010 Note 1 to entry: Adjustment factors are mainly used in the bottom-up method. EXAMPLE Weather conditions, behaviour related parameters (indoor temperature, light level) working hours, production throughput. 3.2 baseline energy consumption calculated or mea
47、sured, possibly normalised, in the situation without an end-use action Note 1 to entry: The baseline provides a reference against which measurements can be taken or compared. Note 2 to entry: The baseline can contain other actions but not the action under consideration. DIN EN 16212:2012-11 EN 16212
48、:2012 (E) 7 3.3 bottom-up savings energy savings calculated with bottom-up methods 3.4 bottom-up method determination of energy savings from end-user actions using unitary savings and elementary units of actions 3.5 diffusion indicator indicator showing the penetration of energy saving systems (e.g. efficient equipment or efficient mode of transport) with given savings per syst
