1、April 2012 Translation by DIN-Sprachendienst.English price group 11No part of this translation may be reproduced without prior permission ofDIN Deutsches Institut fr Normung e. V., Berlin. Beuth Verlag GmbH, 10772 Berlin, Germany,has the exclusive right of sale for German Standards (DIN-Normen).ICS
2、75.160.10!$9“1882293www.din.deDDIN EN 15234-3Solid biofuels Fuel quality assurance Part 3: Wood briquettes for non-industrial useEnglish translation of DIN EN 15234-3:2012-04Feste Biobrennstoffe Qualittssicherung von Brennstoffen Teil 3: Holzbriketts fr nichtindustrielle VerwendungEnglische bersetzu
3、ng von DIN EN 15234-3:2012-04Biocombustibles solides Assurance qualit du combustible Partie 3: Briquettes de bois usage non industrielTraduction anglaise de DIN EN 15234-3:2012-04www.beuth.deDocument comprises pagesIn case of doubt, the German-language original shall be considered authoritative.1803
4、.12 DIN EN 15234-3:2012-04 2 A comma is used as the decimal marker. National foreword This standard has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 335 “Solid biofuels” (Secretariat: SIS, Sweden). The responsible German body involved in its preparation was the Normenausschuss Materialprfung (Materia
5、ls Testing Standards Committee), Working Committee NA 062-05-82 AA Feste Biobrennstoffe. EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN 15234-3 January 2012 ICS 75.160.10 English Version Solid biofuels - Fuel quality assurance - Part 3: Wood briquettes for non-industrial use Biocombustibles so
6、lides - Assurance qualit du combustible - Partie 3: Briquettes de bois usage non industriel Feste Biobrennstoffe - Qualittssicherung von Brennstoffen - Teil 3: Holzbriketts fr nichtindustrielle Verwendung This European Standard was approved by CEN on 27 November 2011. CEN members are bound to comply
7、 with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC M
8、anagement Centre or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same
9、 status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Por
10、tugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and United Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels 2012 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by
11、any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN 15234-3:2012: EEN 15234-3:2012 (E) 2 Contents Page Foreword 3Introduction .41 Scope 52 Normative references 53 Terms and definitions .54 Symbols and abbreviations 65 Quality assurance and quality control measures .65.1 General 65.2 T
12、raceability .75.3 Production requirements 75.4 Fuel requirements for the final product (Step 1) 85.5 Process description (Steps 2, 3 and 4) 85.6 Measures to assure the quality of the product (Step 5) 105.6.1 Inspection of incoming raw material and other goods . 105.6.2 Wood briquette production 105.
13、6.3 Distribution 115.7 Routines for separate handling of nonconforming materials and solid biofuels (Step 6) 116 Product declaration of fuel quality and labelling 12Annex A (informative) Examples of product declarations . 13Annex B (informative) A-deviations 15Bibliography . 16DIN EN 15234-3:2012-04
14、 EN 15234-3:2012 (E) 3 Foreword This document (EN 15234-3:2012) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 335 “Solid biofuels”, the secretariat of which is held by SIS. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by end
15、orsement, at the latest by July 2012, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by July 2012. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN and/or CENELEC shall not be held responsible for identifyi
16、ng any or all such patent rights. This document has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the European Free Trade Association. The European standard series EN 15234, Solid biofuels Fuel quality assurance are provided as a general requirements and additional produc
17、t standards. Additional product standards may extend this series over time. EN 15234 consists of the following parts, under the general title Solid biofuels Fuel quality assurance: Part 1: General requirements; Part 2: Wood pellets for non-industrial use; Part 3: Wood briquettes for non-industrial u
18、se; Part 4: Wood chips for non-industrial use; Part 5: Firewood for non-industrial use; Part 6: Non-woody pellets for non-industrial use. Although these product standards may be obtained separately, it should be recognized that they require an understanding of the standards based on and supporting E
19、N 15234-1. It is recommended to obtain and use EN 15234-1 in conjunction with these standards. NOTE In these product standards, non-industrial use means - use in smaller scale appliances, such as in households, in small commercial and public sector buildings. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Re
20、gulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg,
21、Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and United Kingdom. DIN EN 15234-3:2012-04 EN 15234-3:2012 (E) 4 Introduction The overall aim of this European Standard is to guarantee the wood briquette quality through the whole supply ch
22、ain, from the origin to the delivery of the solid biofuel and provide adequate confidence that specified quality requirements are fulfilled. The objective of this European Standard is to serve as a tool to enable the efficient trading of wood briquettes. Thereby: 1) the end-user can find a briquette
23、 that corresponds to its needs; 2) the producer/supplier can produce a briquette with defined and consistent properties and describe the briquette to the customers. Quality assurance measures should establish confidence in the briquette through systems that are simple to operate and do not cause und
24、ue bureaucracy. Wood briquettes are specified according to EN 14961-3, Solid biofuels Fuel specifications and classes Part 3: Wood briquettes for non-industrial use. DIN EN 15234-3:2012-04 EN 15234-3:2012 (E) 5 1 Scope This European Standard defines the procedures to fulfil the quality requirements
25、(quality control) and describes measures to ensure adequate confidence that the wood briquette specification described in EN 14961-3 is fulfilled (quality assurance). This European Standard covers the production and delivery chain, from purchasing of raw materials to point of delivery to the end-use
26、r. This European standard covers only quality assurance for wood briquettes produced from the woody biomasses stated in EN 14961-1:2010, Table 1 and EN 14961-3. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, onl
27、y the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. EN 14588:2010, Solid biofuels Terminology, definitions and descriptions EN 14961-1:2010, Solid biofuels Fuel specifications and classes Part 1: General requirements
28、EN 14961-3:2011, Solid biofuels Fuel specifications and classes Part 3: Wood briquettes for non-industrial use EN 15234-1, Solid biofuels Fuel quality assurance Part 1: General requirements NOTE In EN 14961-1:2010 there are listed Normative references of the European Standards for sampling and sampl
29、e reduction and in EN 14961-3:2011 for determination of solid biofuel properties. 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in EN 14588:2010 and the following apply. 3.1 wood briquette densified biofuel made with or without additives in the form of cu
30、biform, polyedric or cylindrical units, produced by compressing pulverised biomass NOTE The raw material for wood briquettes is woody biomass in accordance with Table 1 of EN 14961-1:2010. Briquettes are usually manufactured in a die/mould, with total moisture content usually less than 15 % of their
31、 mass on wet basis. 3.2 additive material which improves the quality of the fuel (e.g. combustion properties), reduces emissions or makes production more efficient 3.3 chemical treatment treatment with chemicals other than air, water or heat NOTE Examples of chemical treatment are listed in informat
32、ive Annex C of EN 14961-1:2010. 3.4 impurities material other than the raw material or fuel itself such as soil, stones, metal, plastic, glass DIN EN 15234-3:2012-04 EN 15234-3:2012 (E) 6 3.5 weather condition temperature, humidity and precipitation, e.g. rain, snow 4 Symbols and abbreviations The s
33、ymbols and abbreviations used in this European Standard comply with the SI system of units as far as possible. d dry (dry basis) ar as received w-% weight-percentage A designation for ash content, Adw-%, dry basis1)DE designation for particle density as received g/cm31)D designation for diameter as
34、received, D mm1)L designation for length as received, L mm1M designation for moisture content as received on wet basis, Marw-%1)Q designation for net calorific value as received, qp,net,arMJ/kg or kWh/kg or MWh/t at constant pressure1)NOTE 1 MJ/kg equals 0,277 8 kWh/kg (1 kWh/kg equals 1 MWh/t and 1
35、 MWh/t is 3,6 MJ/kg). 1 g/cm3equals 1 kg/dm3. 5 Quality assurance and quality control measures 5.1 General Quality assurance and control aim to provide confidence that a stable quality is continually achieved in accordance with the customer requirements. It means that specified requirements are fulf
36、illed, but it does not necessarily mean a high quality but a steady and continually achieved quality in accordance with the customers requirements. The customer is the next operator in the supply chain. Customer requirements include not only the fuel quality, but also the quality of the companys per
37、formance, such as documentation (product declaration, labelling of packaging, etc.), timing and logistics (to provide biofuels in time and to agreed performances criteria). Fuel quality assurance needs to be applied to the entire supply chain. As the supply chains for solid biofuels in the most case
38、s needs to be kept very simple, the same documents are often used for documentation of quality assurance and quality control measures. NOTE When the customer is a supplier, a retailer or end user, the customer requirements are usually written in sales contracts. Quality control is fundamentally abou
39、t controlling the quality of a product or process to enable the delivery of the product or service within agreed parameters in the most efficient and cost effective way. The consequences of having good quality control will be a cost effective product and process. 1) Designation symbols are used in c
40、ombination with a number to specify property levels (see for example Table 1, EN 14961-4:2011). For designation of chemical properties chemical symbols like S (sulphur), Cl (chlorine), N (nitrogen) are used and the value is added at the end of the symbol. DIN EN 15234-3:2012-04 EN 15234-3:2012 (E) 7
41、 Quality assurance on the other hand, is about reviewing the products and processes, primarily through data provided from the quality control records and using this data. a) to provide confidence that products are produced within the required specification and processes are operated as they should b
42、e, and b) to assure that over a longer term either consistency is being maintained (stability in process results) or that quality improvements are making the intended impact. 5.2 Traceability Wood briquettes for non-industrial use shall be specified with EN 14961-3. The origin and source of solid bi
43、ofuel is specified by Table 1 in EN 14961-1:2010. There are three parts in the supply chain, illustrated in Figure 1. Figure 1 Simplified example of a wood briquette supply chain All operators in the supply chain are responsible for the traceability of the origin and source of the material delivered
44、 by them. The first operator is responsible for the documents being prepared the first time. The documents shall be available and provided on justified request throughout the entire supply chain according to EN 15234-1. 5.3 Production requirements The methodology described below for quality assuranc
45、e and quality control of the production shall be used, but shall be adjusted for the production requirements of the specific wood briquettes production chain in question. There are six consecutive steps that have to be followed by every stakeholder in the supply chain. The steps are described below.
46、 For examples of documentation, see informative Annex A. Step 1: Define fuel requirements for the final product (see 5.4) Step 2: Document the steps in the production and distribution processes (see 5.5, Figures 2 and 3) DIN EN 15234-3:2012-04 EN 15234-3:2012 (E) 8 Step 3: Identify quality influenci
47、ng factors including company performance (see 5.5, Figures 2 and 3) Step 4: Define Critical Control Points for compliance with the fuel specification (see 5.5 Figures 2 and 3) Step 5: Select appropriate measures to assure the quality of the product (see 5.6) Step 6: Establish routines of separate ha
48、ndling of nonconforming raw materials and solid biofuels (see 5.7) The following information will give a general overview about documenting the requirements for the production in a wood briquettes supply chain. 5.4 Fuel requirements for the final product (Step 1) Wood briquettes for non-industrial use are produced according to EN 14961-3. NOTE The fuel specification is based on EN 14961-1:2010 general part, Table 3 in th
