1、July 2013 Translation by DIN-Sprachendienst.English price group 12No part of this translation may be reproduced without prior permission ofDIN Deutsches Institut fr Normung e. V., Berlin. Beuth Verlag GmbH, 10772 Berlin, Germany,has the exclusive right of sale for German Standards (DIN-Normen).ICS 1
2、3.030.20!%English version EN 14701-2:2013,English translation of DIN EN 14701-2:2013-07Charakterisierung von Schlmmen Filtrationseigenschaften Teil 2: Bestimmung des spezifischen Filtrationswiderstands;Englische Fassung EN 14701-2:2013,Englische bersetzung von DIN EN 14701-2:2013-07Caractrisation de
3、s boues Proprits de filtration Partie 2: Dtermination de la rsistance spcifique la filtration;Version anglaise EN 14701-2:2013,Traduction anglaise de DIN EN 14701-2:2013-07SupersedesDIN EN 14701-2:2006-09www.beuth.deDocument comprises 24 pagesIn case of doubt, the German-language original shall be c
4、onsidered authoritative.06.13DIN EN 14701-2:2013-07 2 A comma is used as the decimal marker. National foreword This document (EN 14701-2:2013) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 308 “Characterization of sludges” (Secretariat: AFNOR, France). The preliminary work was done by Working Grou
5、p WG 1 “Characterization methods”. The responsible German body involved in its preparation was the Normenausschuss Wasserwesen (Water Practice Standards Committee), Working Committee NA 119-01-02-02 UA Chemische und physikalische Verfahren of NA 119-01-02 AA Abfall- und Bodenuntersuchung. The DIN St
6、andards corresponding to the International Standards referred to in this document are as follows: ISO 565 DIN ISO 565 ISO 5725-2 DIN ISO 5725-2 Expert assistance and specialized laboratories will be required to perform the analyses described in this standard. Existing safety requirements are to be o
7、bserved. Depending on the objective of the analysis, a check shall be made on a case-by-case basis as to whether and to what extent additional conditions will have to be specified. This standard has been prepared by the Normenausschuss Wasserwesen (Water Practice Standards Committee) in collaboratio
8、n with the Wasserchemische Gesellschaft Fachgruppe in der Gesellschaft Deutscher Chemiker (Water Chemistry Society Division of the German Chemical Society). It is part of the series Deutsche Einheitsverfahren zur Wasser-, Abwasser- und Schlammuntersuchung (German standard methods for the examination
9、 of water, waste water and sludge): Determination of the specific resistance to filtration (S 27). Standard methods published as DIN Standards are obtainable from Beuth Verlag GmbH, either individually or grouped in volumes. The standard methods included in the loose-leaf publication entitled Deutsc
10、he Einheitsverfahren zur Wasser-, Abwasser- und Schlammuntersuchung will continue to be published by Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH b) Clause 6 “Procedure” has been editorially revised; c) Formula (1) for the calculation of the specific resistance to filtration has been modified and Formula (2) relating to t
11、he correlation between m and Co has been added; d) Annex A (informative) “Supplementary information to Darcys law” has been added; e) the Bibliography has been extended to include EN 14701-2, ISO 565, BOCKSTAL ET AL. (1985), RAYNAUD ET AL. (2009) and YETIS ET AL. (1993). Previous editions DIN EN 147
12、01-2: 2006-09 DIN EN 14701-2:2013-07 4 National Annex NA (informative) Bibliography DIN ISO 565, Test sieves Metal wire cloth, perforated metal plate and electroformed sheet Nominal sizes of openings DIN ISO 5725-2, Accuracy (trueness and precision) of measurement methods and results Part 2: Basic m
13、ethod for the determination of repeatability and reproducibility of a standard measurement method EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN 14701-2 April 2013 ICS 13.030.20 Supersedes EN 14701-2:2006English Version Characterisation of sludges - Filtration properties - Part 2: Determinatio
14、n of the specific resistance to filtration Caractrisation des boues - Proprits de filtration - Partie 2: Dtermination de la rsistance spcifique la filtration Charakterisierung von Schlmmen - Filtrationseigenschaften - Teil 2: Bestimmung des spezifischen Filtrationswiderstands This European Standard
15、was approved by CEN on 1 March 2013. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such na
16、tional standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own lan
17、guage and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greec
18、e, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and United Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG M
19、anagement Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels 2013 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN 14701-2:2013: EEN 14701-2:2013 (E) 2 Contents Page Foreword 3 Introduction .4 1 Scope 5 2 Normative references 5 3 Terms and d
20、efinitions .5 4 Principle 5 5 Apparatus .6 6 Procedure .6 6.1 General 6 6.2 Reduced pressure (Figure B.1) 6 6.3 Under pressure (Figure B.2 a) .7 6.4 Under pressure with a piston (Figure B.2 b) 7 7 Expression of results 8 8 Precision 10 9 Test report . 10 Annex A (informative) Supplementary informati
21、on to Darcys law . 11 Annex B (informative) Filtration apparatus . 13 Annex C (informative) Table of viscosity . 15 Annex D (informative) Result of validation trial 16 Bibliography . 20 DIN EN 14701-2:2013-07 EN 14701-2:2013 (E) 3 Foreword This document (EN 14701-2:2013) has been prepared by Technic
22、al Committee CEN/TC 308 “Characterization of sludges”, the secretariat of which is held by AFNOR. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by October 2013, and conflicting national standards s
23、hall be withdrawn at the latest by October 2013. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN and/or CENELEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. This document supersedes EN 14701-2:2
24、006. Other parts of EN 14701 are: Part 1: Capillary suction time (CST); Part 3: Determination of the compressibility; Part 4: Determination of the drainability of flocculated sludges. Most significant changes made since the latest edition: “Part 4 ” added to Foreword; Introduction modified; CEN/TR 1
25、4742 added to Normative References; Clause “Principle” modified and better specified; List Entry 5.1.3 modified and better specified; List Entry 5.8 added; Clause 6 better specified; In Formula (1), “m” instead of “Co”; Table 1 simplified; text added in Clause 7; List Entry c) added in Clause 9; for
26、mer Annex A deleted; bibliographical references added. According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organisations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finl
27、and, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom. DIN EN 14701-2:2013-07 EN 14701-
28、2:2013 (E) 4 Introduction The specific resistance to filtration is a parameter which indicates the suitability of sludge to be filtered. The value of the specific resistance to filtration has great importance in filtration processes as it can be useful for estimating the performance of full-scale fi
29、ltering devices, mainly pressure filters, and comparing filterability characteristics of sludges produced in different plants. Specific resistance measurements can also give indications on both the optimal type and dosage of conditioner to be used (CEN/TR 14742). This revised version only includes e
30、ditorial changes that do not influence the original, validated method. DIN EN 14701-2:2013-07 EN 14701-2:2013 (E) 5 1 Scope This European Standard specifies a method for determining the specific resistance to filtration of conditioned and non-conditioned sludges, provided that no sedimentation occur
31、s during filtration (i.e. single phase suspension with particles in suspension). This European Standard is applicable to sludges and sludge suspensions from: storm water handling; urban wastewater collecting systems; urban wastewater treatment plants; industrial wastewater that has been treated simi
32、larly to urban wastewater (as defined in Directive 91/271/EEC); water supply treatment plants. This method is also applicable to sludge and sludge suspensions of other origins. 2 Normative references The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are in
33、dispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. EN 12832:1999, Characterization of sludges Utilization and disposal of sludges Vocabulary EN 12880, Charact
34、erization of sludges Determination of dry residue and water content CEN/TR 14742, Characterization of sludges Laboratory chemical conditioning procedure 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in EN 12832:1999 and the following apply. 3.1 specific r
35、esistance to filtration property representing the resistance to filtration of a layer of particles having a unit mass of dry solids deposited on a unit filtering area 4 Principle This method is based on the flow of a liquid through a porous medium in accordance with Darcys law (see Annex A). The spe
36、cific resistance to filtration is determined by pouring a suitable volume of sludge into a filtering device, allowing the liquid to be filtered under constant vacuum or pressure, whilst recording the amount of filtrate over time. Considering that for sludges this parameter is affected by pressure va
37、lue, this standard has been validated for the determination of specific resistance to filtration at pressure values (50 5) kPa, (150 10) kPa and (300 15) kPa, as specifically indicated in Clause 6. If necessary, as in the case of tests intended to size or optimise industrial filters, tests may be ca
38、rried out at different pressures, provided results have been validated in advance. DIN EN 14701-2:2013-07 EN 14701-2:2013 (E) 6 5 Apparatus 5.1 Filtration apparatus with a capacity of 250 ml, and filter diameters between 60 mm and 90 mm (see Annex B). 5.1.1 Apparatus for filtration under reduced pre
39、ssure (see Figure B.1). 5.1.2 Apparatus for filtration under pressure up to 1 MPa (see Figure B.2 a). 5.1.3 Apparatus for filtration under pressure up to 1 MPa with a piston (see Figure B.2 b) equipped with a pressure sensor under the piston to measure the actual applied pressure. If this set-up is
40、not given, piston friction is not taken into account in the pressure measurement and air filtration is preferred. 5.2 Graduated cylinders with a capacity of 100 ml and 250 ml. 5.3 Vacuum pump, or air pressure system, or hydraulic system for pressure application, including pressure adjustment system
41、(regulator or reducer) and pressure gauge. 5.4 Chronometer, e.g. stopwatch, computer. 5.5 Beaker with a capacity of 500 ml. 5.6 Pipettes. 5.7 Filtering medium, filter paper (extra fast, ash-free), with a particle retention between 20 m and 25 m and a filtration flow rate of about 100 ml/min and a th
42、ickness of 0,22 mm (e.g. Whatman 411). Synthetic, or stainless metallic cloth may also be used if they can be shown to lead to the same results. 5.8 Filtering medium support. 5.9 Apparatus for determining sludge dry residue and water content (see EN 12880). 5.10 Thermostatic cell, for determinations
43、 at non-ambient temperatures. 6 Procedure 6.1 General Measure the dry residue of the sludge, Co, in accordance with EN 12880 and assume that the dry residue measured in g/kg is equivalent to the concentration measured in g/l. Prior to measuring, ensure the sludge is at room or test temperature. If s
44、ludge has to be conditioned, this operation shall be carried out according to CEN/TR 14742. 6.2 Reduced pressure (Figure B.1) 6.2.1 Keep the valve between filter (5.1) and vacuum/pressure system (5.3) closed during the procedure, maintaining the system at an absolute pressure of (50 5) kPa. 1) This
45、information is given for the convenience of users of this document and does not constitute an endorsement by CEN of the product named. Equivalent products may be used if they can be shown to lead to the same results. DIN EN 14701-2:2013-07 EN 14701-2:2013 (E) 7 6.2.2 Put the filtering medium (5.7) i
46、n the funnel, moisten it with water and avoid any air entrance into the filter. 6.2.3 Measure the temperature, put (100 1) ml of non-conditioned sludge or (200 2) ml of conditioned, or of easily filterable sludge into the funnel after gentle homogenisation by pouring the sludge 3 times to 4 times fr
47、om one beaker to another (only in case of non-conditioned sludge), open the valve and start filtration. 6.2.4 Record filtrate volumes, V, and corresponding times, t, only after collecting at least 10 % of the initial filtrate volume. Recording depends on flow rate and could range from every 5 s at t
48、he beginning until every 60 s or more (for sludge of low filterability) at the end. Stop the filtration when one of the following conditions occurs: pressure drops down (breaking of cake); filtrate flow rate instantaneously drops down; plot t/V vs. V deviates from linearity; filtration time exceeds
49、60 min. 6.2.5 Measure the dry mass of the cake after filtration in accordance with EN 12880, and measure the dynamic viscosity of the filtrate at test temperature. 6.3 Under pressure (Figure B.2 a) 6.3.1 While keeping the valve between the filter (5.1) and the air pressure system (5.3) closed, adjust the system to (50 5) kPa, or (150 10) kPa, or (300 15) kPa above atmospheric pressure. The pressure shall be constantly maintained during the whole procedure. 6.3.
