1、Oktober 2005DEUTSCHE NORM Normenausschuss Medizin (NAMed) im DINPreisgruppe 10DIN Deutsches Institut f r Normung e.V. Jede Art der Vervielf ltigung, auch auszugsweise, nur mit Genehmigung des DIN Deutsches Institut f r Normung e. V., Berlin, gestattet.ICS 35.240.80FJ 9646818www.din.deXDIN EN 12264Me
2、dizinische Informatik Kategoriale Strukturen f r Begriffssysteme;Englische Fassung EN 12264:2005Health informatics Categorial structures for systems of concepts;English version EN 12264:2005Informatique de sant Structure catgorielles des systmes de concepts;Version anglaise EN 12264:2005Alleinverkau
3、f der Normen durch Beuth Verlag GmbH, 10772 BerlinErsatz f rDIN V ENV 12264:199712www.beuth.deGesamtumfang 16 SeitenDIN EN 12264:2005-10 2 Nationales Vorwort Diese Norm enthlt unter Bercksichtigung des Prsidialbeschlusses 13/1983 den englischen Originaltext der Europischen Norm EN 12264, Ausgabe 200
4、5. Diese Norm wurde von der WG II Terminology and knowledge bases des CEN/TC 251 Health Informatics erarbeitet. Der Arbeitsausschuss G 3 Terminologie des Fachbereich G Medizinische Informatik des Normenausschusses Medizin im DIN hat an der Erarbeitung mitgewirkt. nderungen Gegenber DIN V ENV 12264:1
5、997-12 wurden folgende nderungen vorgenommen: a) Die Norm ist vom technischen und inhaltlichen Aufbau berarbeitet worden. Frhere Ausgaben DIN V ENV 12264: 1997-12 Folgende Begriffsliste wurde vom FB G erarbeitet und soll die Lesbarkeit des Dokumentes fr die Leser erhhen. Die bersetzung basiert auch
6、auf der E DIN 2342:2004-09, Begriffe der Terminologielehre. Begriff in englisch Begriff in deutsch concept Begriffcharacteristic Merkmal object Gegenstand; Objekt concept system; system of concepts Begriffssystem formal representation formale Reprsentation concept representation Begriffsreprsentatio
7、n concept system representation Begriffssystemreprsentation concept name Begriffsname concept representation name Begriffsreprsentationsname hierarchical relation hierarchische Begriffsbezeichnung generic relation genus / species relation Abstraktionsbeziehung; generische Beziehung individuation rel
8、ation Individualisierungsbeziehung partitive relation part / whole relation Bestandsbeziehung associative relation pragmatic relation pragmatische Begriffsbeziehung; assoziative Begriffsbeziehung superordinate concept broader concept bergeordneter Begriff subordinate concept narrower concept unterge
9、ordneter Begriff generic concept Oberbegriff specific concept Unterbegriff comprehensive concept Verbandsbegriff partitive concept Teilbegriff DIN EN 12264:2005-10 3 Begriff in englisch Begriff in deutsch relation type Beziehungsart representation of relation type semantic link Semantische Verbindun
10、g; Reprsentation der Beziehungsart type of characteristics Merkmalart essential characteristic wesentliches Merkmal delimiting characteristic begrenzendes Merkmal intension Begriffsinhalt; Intension extension Begriffsumfang; Extension instance of a concept Ausprgung eines Begriffs definition Definit
11、ionintensional definition Inhaltsdefinition; intensionale Definition extensional definition Umfangsdefinition; extensionale Definition sanctioned characteristic representation of type of characteristic sanktioniertes Merkmal characterising category range value domain Merkmalskategorie designation de
12、signator Bezeichnung appellation name Name term Benennung terminology 1 Terminologie; Fachwortschatz terminology 2 Terminologielehre; Terminologie nomenclature Nomenklatursubject field domain Fachgebiet; Sachgebiet general concept Allgemeinbegriff domain constraint range constraint sanction Fachgebi
13、etseinschrnkung domain concept model Begriffsmodell fr ein Fachgebiet categorial structure reference terminology model Kategoriale Struktur Referenzterminologiemodell DIN EN 12264:2005-10 4 Leerseite EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN 12264 June 2005 ICS 35.240.80 English version H
14、ealth informatics Categorial structures for systems of concepts Informatique de sant Structure catgorielles des systmes de concepts Medizinische Informatik Kategoriale Strukturen fr Begriffssysteme This European Standard was approved by CEN on 29 April 2005. CEN members are bound to comply with the
15、CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the Central Secretariat or
16、to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translationunder the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the Central Secretariat has the same status as the official version
17、s. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France,Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerla
18、nd and United Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG Management Centre: rue de Stassart, 36 B-1050 Brussels 2005 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN
19、 12264:2005: EEN 12264:2005 (E) 2 Contents Page Foreword3 Indroduction .3 1 Scope 4 2 Normative references 5 3 Terms and Definitions .5 4 Categorial structure description . 11 5 Conformance of a categorial structure to the document . 11 Bibliography. 12 EN 12264:2005 (E) 3 Foreword This European Sta
20、ndard (EN 12264:2005) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 251, “Health informatics“, the secretariat of which is held by NEN. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by December 2
21、005, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by December 2005. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard : Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denm
22、ark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. Introduction Computer-based processing and interchange of medical or clini
23、cal information require various kinds of terminological systems of concepts to represent that information, such as controlled vocabularies, classifications, nomenclatures, terminologies and thesauri, with or without coding schemes. The specific terminological issues in the field of health informatic
24、s are: large number of different terminological systems are available in different clinical specialties; large overlap among the subject fields involved; large number of codes and rubrics, typically in the order of magnitude of 10,000 to 100,000 entries, in commonly used terminological systems; incr
25、easing need for re-use of coded data in different health-care contexts; polysemy across different clinical specialties and sometimes within them. The integration of computer-based medical records and administrative information systems in Electronic Health Records (EHR) requires rationalisation in th
26、e field, and a uniform way to represent the meaning of medical concepts to ensure that the receiver EHR of a message will catch the meaning introduced by the sender EHR and not only the string of characters embedded in it. It is not possible to impose a rigid uniform standardised natural language cl
27、inical terminology on healthcare providers. Instead a domain specific semantic model has been envisioned and applied in a series of specific European standards (EN) and international standards (ISO) on various subject fields to describe a set of categorial structures in partially overlapping subject
28、 fields: a European standard for surgical procedures (EN 1828), an ISO standard on integration of a reference model for nursing (EN ISO 18104) and an ISO technical specification on medical devices. There are also several European Pre standards (ENV) for: clinical laboratory measurements (ENV 1614),
29、medical devices (ENV 12611), vital signs (EN ISO:IEEE 11073-10101 - Part 10101: Nomenclature), point-of-care medical device communication (EN ISO:IEEE 11073-10101 - Part 10101: Nomenclature), medicinal products (ENV 12610), nursing (ENV 14032) and continuity of care (ENV 13940). This European Standa
30、rd specifies the terminology and categorical structure description to be used for systems of concepts. Field testing in several countries, revision and integration have provided the comprehensive basis for this document. EN 12264:2005 (E) 4 1 Scope 1.1 Main purpose The purpose of this European Stand
31、ard is to establish the characteristics and the conformance rules required to synthetically describe the organisation and content of a terminological system in health. This European Standard has been developed to allow the production of specific standards on categorial structures for particular heal
32、thcare subject fields with the minimum requirements to support meaningful exchange of information. This European Standard is applicable to: facilitate the construction of new terminological systems in a regular form which will increase their coherence and expressiveness; facilitate maintenance of te
33、rminological systems; increase consistency and coherence of existing terminological systems; allow systematic cross-references between items of different types of terminological systems; facilitate convergence among terminological systems; make explicit the overlap between different health care doma
34、ins terminological systems; provide elements for negotiation about integration of different terminological systems into information systems between the respective developers; enable the systematic evaluation of terminological systems. 1.2 Target groups The target groups for this European Standard ar
35、e: designers of specialised standard healthcare terminological categorial structures; developers of healthcare terminological systems including classifications and coding systems; producers of services for terminological systems and designers of software including applications for natural language p
36、rocessing; information modellers, knowledge engineers, and standards developers building models for health information management systems; developers of information systems that require an explicit system of concepts; developers of mark-up standards for representation of healthcare documents. 1.3 To
37、pics outside the scope This European Standard has been developed for use as an integrated part of computer-based applications and for the electronic healthcare record. It would be of limited value for manual use. This European Standard itself is not suitable for or intended for use by individual cli
38、nicians or hospital administrators. EN 12264:2005 (E) 5 It is not the purpose of this European Standard to standardise the end user classification or to conflict with the concept systems embedded in national practice and languages. This European Standard is applicable to any healthcare terminology i
39、n any healthcare terminological system. 2 Normative references Not applicable. 3 Terms and Definitions For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply. 3.1 concept unit of knowledge created by a unique combination of characteristics (3.2) NOTE Concepts are not necessaril
40、y bound to particular languages. They are, however, influenced by the social or cultural background often leading to different categorisations.ISO 1087-1:2000 3.2 characteristic abstraction of a property of an object (3.3) or of a set of objects (3.3) ISO 1087-1:2000 NOTE Characteristics are used fo
41、r describing concepts (3.1) or of members of a set of objects (3.3) which form the extension (3.27) of a concept (3.1) 3.3 object anything perceivable or conceivable NOTE Objects may be material (e.g. an engine, a sheet of paper, a diamond), immaterial (e.g. conversion ratio, a project plan) or imag
42、ined (e.g. a unicorn). ISO 1087-1:2000 3.4 concept system system of concepts set of concepts (3.1) structured according to the relations among them ISO 1087-1:2000 3.5 formal representation system of symbols which stand for concepts (3.1) and/or the relations between them and which is governed by ex
43、plicit rules 3.6 concept representation formal representation (3.5) of a concept (3.1) EN 12264:2005 (E) 6 NOTE Informally, we often talk of concepts when we mean concept representations. However, this leads to confusion when precise meanings are required. Concepts arise out of human individual and
44、social conceptualisation of the world around them. Concept representations are artefacts constructed of symbols and often manifest in computer programs. Because they are artefacts, we can be precise about the functioning and capabilities of concept representations. It is more difficult to be clear a
45、bout the yet poorly understood function of human conceptualisation. 3.7 concept system representation formal representation (3.5) of a system of concepts (3.4) NOTE Informally, we often talk of concept systems when we mean concept system representations. However, this leads to confusion when precise
46、 meanings are required. Concepts arise out of human individual and social conceptualisation of the world around them. Concept system representations are artefacts constructed of symbols and often manifest in computer programs. Because they are artefacts, we can be precise about the functioning and c
47、apabilities of concept systems representation. It is more difficult to be clear about the yet poorly understood function of human conceptualisation. 3.8 concept name term (3.36) which uniquely designates a concept (3.1) within a concept system (3.4) 3.9 concept representation name term (3.36) which
48、uniquely designates a concept representation (3.7) 3.10 hierarchical relation relation between two concepts (3.1) which may be either a generic relation (3.11) or a partitive relation (3.7) ISO 1087-1:2000 3.11 generic relation genus / species relation subtype relation relation between two concepts
49、(3.1) where the intention (3.26) of one of the concepts (3.1) includes that of the other concept (3.1) and at least one additional delimiting characteristic (3.25) ISO 1087-1:2000 NOTE 1 A generic relation exists between the concepts (3.1) word and pronoun, vehicle and car, person and child. NOTE 2 All instances of a concept in the extension (3.27) of the second are included in the extension of the first. 3.12 individuation relation relation between a concept (3.1)
