1、INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO/lEe 2022 Fourth edition 1994-12-01 Information technology - Character code structure and extension techniques Technologies de Iinformation - Structure de code de caracteres et techniques dextension National Standard of Canada CAN/CSA-ISO/IEC-2022-96 International Standard
2、ISO/IEC 2022 : 1994 has been adopted, without modification, as CAN/CSA-ISO/IEC-2022-96, which has been approved as a National Standard of Canada by the Standards Council of Canada. This Standard supersedes the endorsement of ISO 2022: 1986. April 1996 Reference number ISO/lEe 2022:1994(E) ICS 35.040
3、 Ref. No. ISO/IEC 2022:1994/Cor.1:1999(E) ISO/IEC 1999Information technology Character code structure andextension techniquesTECHNICAL CORRIGENDUM 1Technologies de linformation Structure de code de caractres et techniques dextensionRECTIFICATIF TECHNIQUE 1Technical Corrigendum 1 to International Sta
4、ndard ISO/IEC 2022:1994 was prepared by Joint Technical CommitteeISO/IEC JTC 1, Information technology, Subcommittee SC 2, Coded character sets.Page 45Annex BB.3 The Registration AuthorityIn paragraph 1, replace “ ECMA*” with:The Information Technology Standards Commission of Japan (IPSJ/ITSCJ)*In p
5、aragraph 2, line 1, replace “ ECMA” with “ IPSJ/ITSCJ”.Replace paragraph 3 with the following:*IPSJ/ITSCJ (Information Processing Society of Japan/Information technology Standards Commission of Japan)Room 308-3, Kikai-Shinko-Kaikan Bldg., 3-5-8, Shiba-Koen, Minato-ku, Tokyo 105-0011 JAPANTel: +81 3
6、3431 2808; Fax: +81 3 3431 6493; E-mail: iso-iritscj.ipsj.or.jp; http:/www.itscj.ipsj.or.jp/ISO-IRTechnical Corrigendum 1:2003 toNational Standard of CanadaCAN/CSA-ISO/IEC 2022-96Technical Corrigendum 1:1999 to International Standard ISO/IEC 2022:1994 has been adopted withoutmodification as Technica
7、l Corrigendum 1:2003 to CAN/CSA-ISO/IEC 2022-96. This Technical Corrigendum wasreviewed by the CSA Technical Committee on Information Technology (TCIT) under the jurisdiction of the StrategicSteering Committee on Information Technology and deemed acceptable for use in Canada. July 2003ISOIlEC 2022:1
8、994 (E) Contents Section 1 - General 1 Scope 2 Conformance 2.1 Types of confonnance 2.2 Confonnance of infonnation interchange 2.3 Confonnance of devices 2.3.1 Device description 2.3.2 Originating devices 2.3.3 Receiving devices 3l1ormative references 4 Definitions 4.1 bit combination 4.2 byte 4.3 c
9、haracter 4.4 coded-character-data-element (CC-data-element) 4.5 coded character set; code 4.6 code extension 4.7 code table 4.8 combining character 4.9 control character 4.10 control function 4.11 to designate 4.12 device 4.13 escape sequence 4.14 Final Byte 4.15 graphic character 4.16 graphic symbo
10、l 4.17 Intennediate Byte 4.18 to invoke 4.19 repertoire 4.20 to represent 4.21 user 5 Notation, code tables and names 5.1 Notation 5.2 Code tables 5.3 Names of characters Section 2 - Character sets and codes 6 Characters and character sets ; ISO/lEG 1994 All rights reserved. No part of this publicat
11、ion may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without per mission in writing from the publisher ISO/IEC Copyright Office Case Postale 56 CH-1211 Geneve 20 Switzerland 11 Page 1 1 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3
12、4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 5 5 6 6 ISOIlEC 6.1 Types of characters and character sets 6.2 Fixed coded characters 6.2.1 Character DELETE 6.2.2 Character ESCAPE 6.2.3 Character SPACE 6.3 Sets of coded graphic characters 6.3.1 Types of coded graphic character set 6.3.2 Contents of a coded graphic characte
13、r set 6.3.3 Combination of graphic characters 6.3.4 Sources of coded graphic character sets 6.4 Sets of coded control functions 6.4.1 Types of coded control function set 6.4.2 Primary sets of coded control functions 6.4.3 Supplementary sets of coded control functions 6.4.4 Sources of coded control f
14、unction sets 6.5 Coded single additional control functions 6.5.1 Standardized single control functions 6.5.2 Registered single control functions 6.5.3 Private control functions 6.5.4 Sources of coded single control functions 7 The elements of 8-bit and 7-bit codes 7.1 Summary of the elements 7.2 Cha
15、racter-set code elements 7.3 Invocation of character-set code elements 7.4 Coded code-identification functions 7.5 Unique coding of graphic characters 8 Structure of 8-bit codes 8.1 Code table layout for 8-bit codes 8.2 Elements and structure of the code 8.3 Invocation of graphic character sets by m
16、eans of shift functions 8.3.1 LOCKING-SHIFT ZERO, ONE, TWO, and THREE 8.3.2 LOCKING SHIFT ONE RIGHT, TWO RIGHT, and THREE RlGHT 8.3.3 Shift status 8.3.4 Interactions of locking-shift functions 8.4 Invocation of single graphic characters by means of shift functions 8.5 Invocation of sets of control f
17、unctions 8.5.1 Invocation of the CO code element 8.5.2 Invocation of the Cl code element 9 Structure of 7-bit codes 9.1 Code table layout for 7-bit codes 9.2 Elements and structure of the code 9.3 Invocation of graphic character sets by means of shift functions 9.3.1 SHIFT-IN, SHIFT-OUT, LOCKING-SHI
18、FT TWO, and LOCKING-SHIFT THREE 9.3.2 LOCKING SHIFT ONE RlGHT, TWO RIGHT, and THREE RlGHT 9.3.3 Shift status 9.3.4 Interactions of locking-shift functions ISOIlEC 2022:1994 (E) 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 9 9 9 9 9 10 10 10 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 12 13 13 14 14 14 15 15 15 16 16 18 18 18 18 18 19 19 19 22 22 22 22
19、22 III ISOIIEC 2022:1994 (E) 9.4 Invocation of single graphic characters by means of shift functions 9.5 Invocation of sets of control functions 9.5.1 Invocation of the CO code element 9.5.2 Invocation of the Cl code element 10 Versions and levels of implementation 10.1 Versions 10.2 Identification
20、of code structure facilities and character sets 10.3 Levels of implementation 10.3.1 8-bit codes 10.3.2 Qualification of levels for 8-bit codes 10.3.3 7-bit codes 11 Transformation between 8-bit and 7-bit codes 11.1 Transformation from 8-bit to 7-bit codes 11.2 Transformation from 7-bit to 8-bit cod
21、es Section 3 - Code identification and escape sequences 12 Code-identification functions 12.1 Purposes of code-identification functions 12.2 Relationship to escape sequences 13 Structure and use of escape sequences 13.1 Structure of escape sequences 13.2 Types of escape sequences 13.2.1 Indication o
22、f type 13.2.2 Escape Sequences of types nF 13.2.3 Escape Sequences of type 4F 13.2.4 Summary 13.2.5 Notation of escape sequences 13.3 Specific meanings of escape sequences 13.3.1 Registration of Final Bytes 13.3.2 Final Bytes specified in this International Standard 13.3.3 Private use 14 Designation
23、 of sets of graphic characters and control functions 14.1 Designation functions 14.2 Designation of sets of control functions (Cm, CID) 14.2.1 Purpose 14.2.2 Designation of CO 14.2.3 Designation of CI 14.3 Designation of sets of graphic characters (GnDm and GnDMm) 14.3.1 Purpose 14.3.2 Specification
24、s 14.3.3 Size indication for multiple-byte sets 14.4 Dynamically redefinable character sets (DRCS) 14.4.1 Purpose 14.4.2 Specification IV ISOIIEC 22 23 23 23 23 23 23 24 24 24 25 25 25 26 27 27 27 27 27 27 27 27 28 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 32 32 33 33 33 33 33 33 34 35 35 35 35 ISOIIEC ISOIIEC 2022:1994
25、 (E) 14.5 Identification of revisions of registered character sets (lRR) 14.5.1 Purpose 14.5.2 Specification 15 Code announcement and switching 15.1 Summary of functions provided 15.2 Announcement of code structure facilities (ACS) 15.2.1 Purpose 15.2.2 Specification 15.3 Data Delimiter for this Cod
26、ing Method (CMD) 15.3.1 Purpose 15.3.2 Specification 15.4 Designation of Other Coding Systems (DOCS) 15.4.1 Purpose 15.4.2 Specification AXES A - External references to character repertoires and their coding B - The ISO International register of coded character sets to be used with escape sequences
27、C - Main differences between the 3rd edition (1986) and the present edition of this International Standard D - Bibliography 35 35 35 36 36 36 36 36 40 40 40 40 40 40 42 45 46 47 v ISOIIEC 2022: 1994 (E) ISOIIEC Foreword ISO (the International Organisation for Standardisation) and IEC (the Internatio
28、nal Electrical Commission) form the specialised system for world-wide standardisation. National Bodies that are members of ISO or IEC participate in the development of International Standards through technical committees established by the respective organisation to deal with particular fields of mu
29、tual interest. Other international organisations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO and IEC, also take part in the work. In the field of information technology, ISO and IEC have established a joint technical committee ISOIlEC JTC 1. Draft International Standards adopted by the j
30、oint technical committee are circulated to national bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75% of the national bodies casting a vote. International Standard ISOIlEC 2022 was prepared by the European Association for the Standardization of Information
31、 and Communication Systems, ECMA, (as ECMA-35) and was adopted, under a special “fast-track procedure“, by Joint Technical Committee ISOIlEC JTC 1, Information technology, in parallel with its approval by national bodies of ISO and IEC. This fourth edition cancels and replaces the third edition (ISO
32、 2022: 1986), of which it constitutes a technical revision (see also the introduction). Annex A forms an integral part of this International Standard. Annexes B, C and D are for information only. VI ISOIIEC ISOIIEC 2022:1994 (E) Introduction ECMAffCl participates very actively in the work of JTCl/SC
33、2 (previously ISOrrC97/SC2) on code structure and code extension, and contributed numerous technical papers to SC2IWGl, the group entrusted with the preparation ofISO 2022, the International Standard for code extension techniques. ECMA published its first Standard ECMA-35 on the same subject in 1971
34、. Three further editions in 1980, 1982 and 1985 reflected the progress achieved internationally, and the text of the 1985 edition was identical with that of the 1986 edition ofISO 2022. The present edition of ISOIIEC 2022 is technically almost identical with the 1986 edition but is completely rearra
35、nged and rewritten to make it more convenient to use as a reference document. Vll INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISOllEe ISO/IEC 2022:1994 (E) Information technology - Character code structure and extension techniques Section 1 - General 1 Scope This International Standard specifies the structure of 8-bit c
36、odes and 7-bit codes which provide for the coding of character sets. The code elements used in the structure are common to both the 8-bit and 7-bit codes. The codes use a variety of techniques for extending the capabilities of elementary 8-bit and 7 -bit codes. Greater emphasis is given to 8-bit cod
37、es in this edition of the Standard than in previous editions because they are now more widely used. The use of common elements in the 8-bit and 7-bit code structure enables any specific conforming 8-bit code to be transformed into an equivalent 7-bit code, and vice versa, in a simple and direct fash
38、ion. ISOIIEC 4873 conforms to the 8-bit code structure specified here, and ISOIIEC 646 conforms to the 7-bit code structure specified here. Note The coded character set specified in ISOIJEC 10646-1 has a different structure not in accordance with this International Standard. The code structure facil
39、ities specified here include various means of extending the number of control functions and graphic characters available in a code. They also include techniques to construct and formalize the definition of specific codes, and to provide a coded identification of the structure and of the constituent
40、elements of such specific codes. Specific codes may also be identified by means of object identifiers in accordance with ISO 8824, Abstract Syntax Notation One (ASN.l). The form of such object identifiers is specified in annex A. Individual character sets and control functions intended for use with
41、these 8-bit and 7-bit codes are assumed to be registered in the ISO International Register of Coded Character Sets to be Used with Escape Sequences, in accordance with ISO 2375 (see annex B). The register includes details to relate individual character sets and control functions with their coded rep
42、resentations, and also with the associated coded identifications of such character sets. The principles established in this International Standard may be utilized to form supplementary code structure facilities. For example ISOIIEC 6429 has followed such a procedure to formulate some parameterized c
43、ontrol functions. The use of uniform code structure techniques for the 8-bit and 7 -bit codes specified here has the advantage of: permitting uniform provision for code structure in the design of information processing systems, providing standardized methods of calling into use agreed sets of charac
44、ters, allowing the interchange of data between environments that utilise 8-bit and 7-bit codes respectively, reducing the risk of conflict between systems required to inter-operate. When two systems with different levels of implementation of code structure facilities are required to communicate with
45、 one another, they may do so using the code structure facilities that they have in common. The codes specified here are designed to be used for data that is processed sequentially in a forward direction. Use of these codes in strings of data which are processed in some other way, or which are includ
46、ed in data formatted for fixed-length record processing, may have undesirable results or may require additional special treatment to ensure correct interpretation. :!ote - Since the previous edition (1986) of this International Standard the text has been completely rearranged and rewritten to make t
47、he Standard more convenient to use as a reference document. It is now arranged in three main sections as follows: I General 2 Character Sets and Codes 3 Code Identification and Escape Sequences ISOIlEC 2022:1994 (E) ISOIlEC 2 Conformance 2.1 Types of conformance Full conformance to a standard means
48、that all of its requirements are met. Conformance will only have a unique meaning if the standard contains no options. If there are options within the standard they must be clearly identified, and any claim of conformance must include a statement that identifies those options that have been adopted.
49、 This International Standard is of a different nature since it specifies a large number of facilities from which different selections may be made to suit individual applications. These selections are not identified in this International Standard, but must be identified at the time that a claim of conformance is made. Conformance to such an identified selection is known as limited conformance. The selection of facilities from this International Standard that are to be used in a particul
