1、BSI Standards PublicationPower systems management and associated informationexchangePart 200: Guidelines for migration from Internet Protocol version 4 (IPv4) to Internet Protocol version 6 (IPv6)PD IEC/TR 62357-200:2015National forewordThis Published Document is the UK implementation of IEC/TR 6235
2、7-200:2015. The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to TechnicalCommittee PEL/57, Power systems management and associated information exchange.A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained onrequest to its secretary.This publication does not purport to include a
3、ll the necessary provisions ofa contract. Users are responsible for its correct application. The British Standards Institution 2015.Published by BSI Standards Limited 2015ISBN 978 0 580 90080 8ICS 33.200Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity fromlegal obligations.This Published Do
4、cument was published under the authority of theStandards Policy and Strategy Committee on 31 August 2015. Amendments/corrigenda issued since publicationDate Text affectedPUBLISHED DOCUMENTPD IEC/TR 62357-200:2015IEC TR 62357-200 Edition 1.0 2015-07 TECHNICAL REPORT Power systems management and assoc
5、iated information exchange Part 200: Guidelines for migration from Internet Protocol version 4 (IPv4) to Internet Protocol version 6 (IPv6) INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION ICS 33.200 ISBN 978-2-8322-2795-4 Registered trademark of the International Electrotechnical Commission Warning! Make
6、sure that you obtained this publication from an authorized distributor. colourinsidePD IEC/TR 62357-200:2015 2 IEC TR 62357-200:2015 IEC 2015 CONTENTS FOREWORD . 6 INTRODUCTION . 8 1 Scope 9 2 Normative references 9 3 Terms, definitions, abbreviated terms, acronyms and conventions . 13 3.1 Terms and
7、 definitions 13 3.2 Abbreviations 14 3.3 Conventions 16 3.4 Network diagram symbols . 16 4 Internet technologies . 17 4.1 Internet Protocol Version 4 (IPv4) . 17 4.1.1 Origin 17 4.1.2 IPv4 packet transmission over Ethernet . 17 4.1.3 IPv4 header . 18 4.1.4 IPv4 addresses 19 4.1.5 IPv4 fragmentation
8、and packet size . 20 4.1.6 IPv4 auxiliary protocols 20 4.1.7 IPv4 routing . 21 4.2 Internet Protocol Version 6 (IPv6) . 21 4.2.1 IPv6 motivation 21 4.2.2 IPv6 packets on Ethernet . 21 4.2.3 IPv6 addresses 22 4.2.4 IPv6 auxiliary protocols 24 4.2.5 IPv6 fragmentation and packet size . 25 4.2.6 IPv6 r
9、outing . 25 4.3 Comparison IPv4 and IPv6 25 4.3.1 Main differences 25 4.3.2 IPv4 and IPv6 address classes 25 4.3.3 Address representation in IEC 61850 . 26 5 Transition from IPv4 to IPv6 27 5.1 IPv6 migration necessity . 27 5.2 Migration types . 27 5.3 IPv6 migration impact on power systems communic
10、ations . 28 6 Migration methods . 29 6.1 Migration principles . 29 6.2 Address mapping 29 6.2.1 Address mapping from IPv4 to IPv6 . 29 6.2.2 General application impact of IPv6 addresses . 30 6.2.3 Address migration in IEC 61850. 30 6.3 Dual-stack devices 32 6.3.1 General . 32 6.3.2 Standard dual-sta
11、ck . 34 6.3.3 IEC 61850 stack with IPv4 and IPv6 35 6.3.4 Migrating applications in dual-stack by Bump-in-the Host 35 6.3.5 Dual-stack recommendations . 36 6.4 Tunneling 37 PD IEC/TR 62357-200:2015IEC TR 62357-200:2015 IEC 2015 3 6.4.1 Tunneling principle 37 6.4.2 Standardized tunneling protocols .
12、37 6.4.3 Tunneling IPv4 over IPv6 . 38 6.4.4 Standardized IPv6 over IPv4 tunneling protocols . 41 6.4.5 Tunneling conclusion . 42 6.5 Translation 42 6.5.1 Translation principle 42 6.5.2 Translation from IPv4 to IPv6 . 43 6.5.3 Translation implementation 44 6.5.4 Standardized translators 45 6.5.5 Tra
13、nslator conclusion 45 6.6 Migration plan . 45 6.6.1 Procedure 45 6.6.2 Security considerations 46 7 Utility protocols based on the Internet Protocol 46 7.1 Utility protocols on Layer 3 46 7.2 Layer 3 communication in IEC 61850 47 7.2.1 Direct Layer 3 communication 47 7.2.2 Layer 3 communication by N
14、etwork Address Translator (NAT) . 47 7.2.3 Layer 3 communication by Application-Level Gateway (proxy) . 48 7.3 IEC 61850 Layer 3 communication for Layer 2 traffic 49 7.4 Other utility protocols 50 7.5 Virtual Private Network and overlays . 50 8 Scenarios for substation automation 50 8.1 Scenario ove
15、rview. 50 8.2 Scenario 1: Substation-external communication over IPv6 only . 51 8.2.1 Scenario 1: Description 51 8.2.2 Scenario 1.1: Substation to substation Layer 2 tunneling IPv4 over IPv6 . 51 8.2.3 Scenario 1.2: substation to control centre: tunneling IPv4 over IPv6 52 8.2.4 Scenario 1: Evaluati
16、on . 52 8.3 Scenario 2: Access from IPv6 devices through ALGs and translators 53 8.3.1 Scenario 2.1: substation to engineering over dual-stack engineering . 53 8.3.2 Scenario 2.2 substation to control centre by ALG. 53 8.3.3 Scenario 2.3: substation to SCADA / engineering by translator/proxy 54 8.3.
17、4 Scenario 2: Evaluation . 55 8.4 Scenario 3: Substation partially or totally IPv6 55 8.4.1 Scenario 3: Description 55 8.4.2 Scenario 3.1: substation with dual-stack devices . 55 8.4.3 Scenario 3: Evaluation . 56 8.5 Scenario 4: Intermediate devices as ALGs 56 8.5.1 Phasor Data Concentrators (PDC) a
18、s ALGs . 56 8.5.2 XMPP servers as ALGs . 57 8.5.3 Scenario 4 evaluation 58 8.6 Scenario 5: Integration of IPv6-only devices in a legacy IPv4 network . 58 8.6.1 IPv6-only devices communicating over an IPv4 network 58 8.6.2 IPv6-only devices accessed from an IPv4 SCADA . 59 8.6.3 Scenario 5 evaluation
19、 60 9 Use Case: Generation plant- IPv4 to IPv6 migration 60 9.1 General description . 60 PD IEC/TR 62357-200:2015 4 IEC TR 62357-200:2015 IEC 2015 9.2 Legacy IPv4 addressing plan 62 9.3 IPv6 addressing plan and coexistence 62 9.4 Advantages . 63 9.5 Issues . 63 10 Recommendations . 63 10.1 Recommend
20、ations for manufacturers 63 10.2 Recommendations for network engineers 64 10.3 Recommendations for IEC standardization 64 10.4 Timetable for implementation of the migration plan . 65 Bibliography 66 Figure 1 Symbols . 17 Figure 2 Ethernet frame with IP network header . 18 Figure 3 Mapping of IPv4 he
21、ader to Ethernet frames 19 Figure 4 Transmission of an IPv6 packet in an Ethernet frame . 22 Figure 5 IPv6 unicast address structure . 23 Figure 6 IPv6 ULA address structure 24 Figure 7 IPv6 link local address structure . 24 Figure 8 IPv6 evolution 27 Figure 9 Mapping of IPv4 to IPv6 addresses 29 Fi
22、gure 10 Dual-Stack devices (with two and one port) 32 Figure 11 Dual-Stack devices in a mixed domain . 33 Figure 12 Dual-Stack devices across routers . 34 Figure 13 IEC 61850 stack with IPv4 and IPv6 (doubly attached) . 35 Figure 14 Bump-in-the-host migration method 36 Figure 15 Tunneling principle
23、. 37 Figure 16 Tunneling IPv4 over IPv6 . 38 Figure 17 Tunneling IPv4 over IPv6 and VLANs . 40 Figure 18 Translator principle 43 Figure 19 Translation of IPv4 to IPv6 . 43 Figure 20 Translation of IPv6 to IPv4 . 44 Figure 21 Translator principle of IPv4 to IPv6 . 45 Figure 22 Layer 3 direct connecti
24、on . 47 Figure 23 Layer 3 connection over NAT . 48 Figure 24 Layer 3 connection via ALG . 49 Figure 25 Layer 2 tunneling over Layer 3 WAN or other transport 49 Figure 26 Layer 2 frames tunneled over IPv4 in IEC TR 61850-90-5 (simplified) 50 Figure 27 IPv4 substation to substation over IPv6 52 Figure
25、 28 IPv4 substation to external IPv6 over tunnel . 52 Figure 29 IPv4 substation to external IPv6 client for engineering . 53 Figure 30 IPv4 substation to external IPv6 over gateway . 54 Figure 31 IPv4 substation to external IPv6 over translator / proxy 54 Figure 32 IPv4 substation with dual-stack de
26、vices . 55 Figure 33 PDCs as ALGs . 57 PD IEC/TR 62357-200:2015IEC TR 62357-200:2015 IEC 2015 5 Figure 34 Translation by XMPP servers . 58 Figure 35 IPv6-only sensors connected to legacy IPv4 network . 59 Figure 36 IPv6-only sensors connected to legacy IPv4 network . 60 Figure 37 Generation system t
27、elecontrol overview . 61 Table 1 Differences between IPv4 and IPv6 . 25 Table 2 IPv6 vs IPv4 addresses (RFC 4291) 26 Table 3 Dual-stack comparison 35 Table 4 IPv4 over IPv6 tunnels 41 Table 5 IPv6 over IPv4 tunnels 42 PD IEC/TR 62357-200:2015 6 IEC TR 62357-200:2015 IEC 2015 INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTEC
28、HNICAL COMMISSION _ POWER SYSTEMS MANAGEMENT AND ASSOCIATED INFORMATION EXCHANGE Part 200: Guidelines for migration from Internet Protocol version 4 (IPv4) to Internet Protocol version 6 (IPv6) FOREWORD 1) The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) is a worldwide organization for standardiz
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40、ly published as an International Standard, for example “state of the art“. IEC TR 62357-200, which is a technical report, has been prepared by IEC technical committee 57: Power systems management and associated information exchange. PD IEC/TR 62357-200:2015IEC TR 62357-200:2015 IEC 2015 7 The text o
41、f this technical report is based on the following documents: Enquiry draft Report on voting 57/1563/DTR 57/1580/RVC Full information on the voting for the approval of this technical report can be found in the report on voting indicated in the above table. This publication has been drafted in accorda
42、nce with the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. A list of all parts in the IEC 62357 series, published under the general title Power systems management and associated information exchange, can be found on the IEC website. The committee has decided that the contents of this publication will remain unchanged
43、 until the stability date indicated on the IEC website under “http:/webstore.iec.ch“ in the data related to the specific publication. At this date, the publication will be reconfirmed, withdrawn, replaced by a revised edition, or amended. A bilingual version of this publication may be issued at a la
44、ter date. IMPORTANT The colour inside logo on the cover page of this publication indicates that it contains colours which are considered to be useful for the correct understanding of its contents. Users should therefore print this document using a colour printer. PD IEC/TR 62357-200:2015 8 IEC TR 62
45、357-200:2015 IEC 2015 INTRODUCTION This Technical Report provides definitions, guidelines, and recommendations for migration of data communication protocols which are today using the Internet Protocol version 4 (IPv4) to the Internet Protocol version 6 (IPv6). This Technical Report addresses data co
46、mmunication for power systems at all voltage levels, from transmission level down to the low voltage. It is in addition useful for any other application domain which specifies the use of IP transport. This Technical Report starts with a tutorial on the aspects of IPv4 and IPv6 technologies that are
47、relevant for the migration. This Technical Report addresses issues such as motivation for migration, migration strategies in general and specific application in power systems communications. This Technical Report contains recommendations for the device manufacturers, network engineers and for standa
48、rdization bodies. This Technical Report defines a time table for the standard bodies defining data communication in power systems, as follows: All new or revised IEC documents support IPv6 as an option for projects that mandate it, starting in 2015. All IEC documents request both IPv6 and IPv4 suppo
49、rt, while use is not mandatory, until 2030. All IEC documents consider IPv4 as deprecated after 2050. PD IEC/TR 62357-200:2015IEC TR 62357-200:2015 IEC 2015 9 POWER SYSTEMS MANAGEMENT AND ASSOCIATED INFORMATION EXCHANGE Part 200: Guidelines for migration from Internet Protocol version 4 (IPv4) to Internet Protocol version 6 (IPv6) 1 Scope This part of IEC 62357, which is a Technical Report, applies to information exch
