1、BSI Standards PublicationBS ISO/IEC 19778-2:2015Information technology Learning, education andtraining Collaborativetechnology CollaborativeworkplacePart 2: Collaborative environment datamodelBS ISO/IEC 19778-2:2015 BRITISH STANDARDNational forewordThis British Standard is the UK implementation of I
2、SO/IEC19778-2:2015.The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to TechnicalCommittee IST/43, Information technology for learning, educationand training.A list of organizations represented on this committee can beobtained on request to its secretary.This publication does not purport to incl
3、ude all the necessaryprovisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correctapplication. The British Standards Institution 2015.Published by BSI Standards Limited 2015ISBN 978 0 580 84782 0ICS 03.100.30; 35.240.99Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity fromlegal obligations
4、.This British Standard was published under the authority of theStandards Policy and Strategy Committee on 30 November 2015.Amendments/corrigenda issued since publicationDate T e x t a f f e c t e dBS ISO/IEC 19778-2:2015Information technology Learning, education and training Collaborative technology
5、 Collaborative workplace Part 2: Collaborative environment data modelTechnologies de linformation Apprentissage, ducation et formation Technologies collaboratives Lieu de travail collaboratif Partie 2: Modle de donnes de lenvironnement collaboratifINTERNATIONAL STANDARDISO/IEC19778-2Reference number
6、ISO/IEC 19778-2:2015(E)Second edition2015-10-15 ISO/IEC 2015BS ISO/IEC 19778-2:2015ii ISO/IEC 2015 All rights reservedCOPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT ISO/IEC 2015, Published in SwitzerlandAll rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized otherwis
7、e in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting on the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address below or ISOs member body in the country of the requester.ISO copyright officeCh. d
8、e Blandonnet 8 CP 401CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva, SwitzerlandTel. +41 22 749 01 11Fax +41 22 749 09 47copyrightiso.orgwww.iso.orgISO/IEC 19778-2:2015(E)BS ISO/IEC 19778-2:2015ISO/IEC 19778-2:2015(E)Foreword ivIntroduction v1 Scope . 11.1 Statement of scope . 11.2 Subjects and aspects not currently addre
9、ssed 11.3 Excluded subjects and aspects 12 Normative references 13 Terms and definitions . 24 Abbreviated terms and acronyms 25 Collaborative environment Data Model . 25.1 Data Model representation . 25.2 Collaborative environment Data Model diagram 25.3 Collaborative environment Data Model specific
10、ation . 35.4 Supplementing information for DMEs of the CE DM 85.4.1 AE CE_General 85.4.2 DE CE_Name . 85.4.3 DE CE_Description 85.4.4 AE CE_ID 85.4.5 DE CE_ID_source. 95.4.6 DE CE_ID_value 95.4.7 AE CW_ID-Ref 95.4.8 DE CW_ID-Ref_source .105.4.9 DE CW_ID-Ref_value 105.4.10 AE CE_Tools . 105.4.11 DE C
11、E_Tools_spec_source 105.4.12 AE CE_Tool 115.4.13 DE CE_Tool_name .115.4.14 DE CE_Tool_description 115.4.15 AE CE_Functions 115.4.16 DE CE_Functions_spec_source . 115.4.17 AE CE_Function 115.4.18 DE CE_Function_name 115.4.19 DE CE_Function_description . 116 Conformance 12Annex A (informative) Alphabe
12、tical list of terms .13Annex B (informative) Examples for collaborative functions 15Bibliography .21 ISO/IEC 2015 All rights reserved iiiContents PageBS ISO/IEC 19778-2:2015ISO/IEC 19778-2:2015(E)ForewordISO (the International Organization for Standardization) and IEC (the International Electrotechn
13、ical Commission) form the specialized system for worldwide standardization. National bodies that are members of ISO or IEC participate in the development of International Standards through technical committees established by the respective organization to deal with particular fields of technical act
14、ivity. ISO and IEC technical committees collaborate in fields of mutual interest. Other international organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO and IEC, also take part in the work. In the field of information technology, ISO and IEC have established a joint technical comm
15、ittee, ISO/IEC JTC 1.The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular the different approval criteria needed for the different types of document should be noted. This document was drafted in acc
16、ordance with the editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives). Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO and IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent righ
17、ts. Details of any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www.iso.org/patents). Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not constit
18、ute an endorsement.For an explanation on the meaning of ISO specific terms and expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISOs adherence to the WTO principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) see the following URL: Foreword - Supplementary informationThe commi
19、ttee responsible for this document is ISO/IEC JTC 1, Information technology, Subcommittee SC 36, Information technology for learning, education and training.This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition (ISO/IEC 19778-2:2008), of which it constitutes a minor revision.ISO/IEC 19778 consi
20、sts of the following parts, under the general title Information technology Learning, education and training Collaborative technology Collaborative workplace: Part 1: Collaborative workplace data model Part 2: Collaborative environment data model Part 3: Collaborative group data modeliv ISO/IEC 2015
21、All rights reservedBS ISO/IEC 19778-2:2015ISO/IEC 19778-2:2015(E)IntroductionISO/IEC 19778 provides Data Models for specifying collaborative workplaces and their components. ISO/IEC 19778-1 provides general information for all parts, and specifies a Data Model which, by reference, composes the Data
22、Model instantiations of the two main components of a collaborative workplace: the collaborative environment and the collaborative group. This part of ISO/IEC 19778 provides the Data Model for the collaborative environment and specifies information related to the service aspects of a collaborative wo
23、rkplace. ISO/IEC 19778-3 provides the Data Model for the collaborative group and specifies information related to the roles and the membership of a collaborative workplace.The main accomplishment of this part of ISO/IEC 19778 is to specify the composition of the collaborative tools which are integra
24、ted in the collaborative service(s) of a collaborative workplace. As collaborative tools frequently provide several collaborative functions, these collaborative functions are also identified in the collaborative environment Data Model.The purposes of this part of ISO/IEC 19778 are the following: to
25、provide a standardized way of defining and instantiating, as an independent entity, the service(s) and associated entities of a collaborative workplace (this is done by associating these services and entities with a collaborative environment identifier unique within a particular domain or applicatio
26、n context); to specify the technical and infrastructural requirements of a collaborative workplace for the purpose of set-up, employment, management, administration, and evaluation of its collaborative environment.The detailed specification of the collaborative tools and their collaborative function
27、s is not provided in this part of ISO/IEC 19778; however, it may be linked to the collaborative environment Data Model instantiations by referring to “potential further specifications or standards” that are not identified and possibly do not yet even exist. (One of the intentions of this part of ISO
28、/IEC 19778 is to encourage adopters to develop and harmonize such specifications.)Linkages to “potential further specifications or standards” are constituted by employing a “source/value” approach, where the value (e.g. the name of a collaborative tool or collaborative function) is taken from a “sou
29、rce”, a specification or standard, which declares the names and specifies the details of collaborative tools or collaborative functions. The “source” itself is specified by reference, using a URL. The intention of this “source/value” approach is to provide a simple method for linking developing spec
30、ifications or standards to the Data Model of this part of ISO/IEC 19778 without needing to identify them beforehand. This highly flexible method reflects the fact that ISO/IEC 19778-2 is a part of a multipart standard that represents prospective technology. Figure 1 illustrates how this is achieved.
31、 ISO/IEC 2015 All rights reserved vBS ISO/IEC 19778-2:2015ISO/IEC 19778-2:2015(E)Figure 1 Composing collaborative tools and declaring collaborative functions in this part of ISO/IEC 19778In this part of ISO/IEC 19778, “composing collaborative tools” and “declaring their collaborative functions” are
32、generally performed by specifying names of collaborative tools and collaborative functions. Further information on these collaborative tools and collaborative functions may be specified in “potential further specifications or standards” which are not included in this part of ISO/IEC 19778. The adopt
33、ers of this part of ISO/IEC 19778 may decide whether or not to use such “potential further specifications or standards”. If no “potential further specifications or standards” are used, the names and properties of collaborative tools and collaborative functions need to be consistently known in the us
34、er community. This, however, also means that the interoperability of Data Model instantiations of this kind is limited to this “harmonized” user community.Where the need for broader interoperability exists, external “specifications or standards” are required. They would at least define a set of coll
35、aborative tools or collaborative functions, provide names for them, and describe their properties. Of course, such “specifications or standards” could be very simple and general. However, they could be highly sophisticated and detailed as well. Where a collaborative environment Data Model instantiat
36、ion makes use of such an external “specification or standard”, it references it and adopts the names for collaborative tools or collaborative functions as shown in Figure 1.Using this first edition of this part of ISO/IEC 19778 provides utmost flexibility at the risk of a low-level of interoperabili
37、ty. It allows adopters to experiment with diverse specifications for collaborative tools or collaborative functions. It is intended as a step towards broader harmonization of collaborative tools or collaborative functions with respect to their specification and naming. This expected progress in harm
38、onization will be reflected by future editions of this part of ISO/IEC 19778, while todays users can employ this first edition instantly.vi ISO/IEC 2015 All rights reservedBS ISO/IEC 19778-2:2015INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO/IEC 19778-2:2015(E)Information technology Learning, education and training Col
39、laborative technology Collaborative workplace Part 2: Collaborative environment data model1 Scope1.1 Statement of scopeThis part of ISO/IEC 19778 specifies the Data Model for a collaborative environment.The collaborative environment Data Model composes collaborative tools and declares their collabor
40、ative functions by specifying their names. These names can be used as references to collaborative tools and collaborative functions specified in detail by further specifications or standards. Where no such specifications or standards are available or identified, the provision of descriptions for hum
41、an interpretation may support harmonized use of these names.1.2 Subjects and aspects not currently addressedIn future editions of this part of ISO/IEC 19778, extended support for adapting collaborative environments to preferences and needs of participants may be provided. Such support can be gained
42、by prioritizing the collaborative effects (defining which collaborative effects are intended to be supported) in contrast to the collaborative tools and collaborative functions (defining by which technical provisions the intended collaborative effects are supported).1.3 Excluded subjects and aspects
43、Subjects and aspects not provided by this part of ISO/IEC 19778, but which it is anticipated will be provided by further specifications or standards include the following: the detailed specification of collaborative tools or collaborative functions (such specification is left to further specificatio
44、ns or standards and means service component harmonization which is excluded from this part of ISO/IEC 19778); the detailed specification of collaborative effects (such specification is left to further specifications or standards and addresses application modelling which is excluded from this part of
45、 ISO/IEC 19778); the specification of methods for integrating collaborative tools or collaborative functions into services (as this affects service modelling which is excluded from this part of ISO/IEC 19778).2 Normative referencesThe following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referen
46、ced in this document and are indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.ISO/IEC 19778-1:1), Information technology Learning, education and training C
47、ollaborative technology Collaborative workplace Part 1: Collaborative workplace data model1) To be published. ISO/IEC 2015 All rights reserved 1BS ISO/IEC 19778-2:2015ISO/IEC 19778-2:2015(E)3 Terms and definitionsFor the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO/IEC 19778-1 a
48、pply.4 Abbreviated terms and acronymsNOTE Some of the abbreviated terms or acronyms in this Clause represent terms defined in ISO/IEC 19778-1:, Clause 3. The term numbers are provided in brackets.AE Aggregating Element (see 3.1.1)CE Collaborative Environment (see 3.2.3)CW Collaborative Workplace (se
49、e 3.2.8)DE Data Element (see 3.1.5)DM Data Model (see 3.1.7)DME Data Model Element (see 3.1.8)ID IdentifierRef ReferenceURI Uniform Resource IdentifierURL Uniform Resource Locator (world wide web address)XML eXtensible Markup LanguageXSD XML Schema Definition5 Collaborative environment Data Model5.1 Data Model representationThe table-based Data Model representation used here corresponds to the specification provided in ISO/IEC 19778-1:, 5.1.5.2 Collaborative environment Data Model diagramFigure 2 provides a
