1、BSI Standards PublicationBS ISO 5630-7:2014Paper and board AcceleratedageingPart 7: Exposure to lightBS ISO 5630-7:2014 BRITISH STANDARDNational forewordThis British Standard is the UK implementation of ISO 5630-7:2014.The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to TechnicalCommittee PAI/1
2、1, Methods of test for paper, board and pulps.A list of organizations represented on this committee can beobtained on request to its secretary.This publication does not purport to include all the necessaryprovisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correctapplication. The British Standar
3、ds Institution 2014. Published by BSI StandardsLimited 2014ISBN 978 0 580 71166 4ICS 85.060Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity fromlegal obligations.This British Standard was published under the authority of theStandards Policy and Strategy Committee on 31 August 2014.Amendment
4、s issued since publicationDate Text affectedBS ISO 5630-7:2014 ISO 2014Paper and board Accelerated ageing Part 7: Exposure to lightPapier et carton Vieillissement acclr Partie 7: Exposition la lumireINTERNATIONAL STANDARDISO5630-7First edition2014-08-15Reference numberISO 5630-7:2014(E)BS ISO 5630-7
5、:2014ISO 5630-7:2014(E)ii ISO 2014 All rights reservedCOPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT ISO 2014All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting on
6、 the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address below or ISOs member body in the country of the requester.ISO copyright officeCase postale 56 CH-1211 Geneva 20Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11Fax + 41 22 749 09 47E-mail copyrightiso.org
7、Web www.iso.orgPublished in SwitzerlandBS ISO 5630-7:2014ISO 5630-7:2014(E) ISO 2014 All rights reserved iiiContents PageForeword ivIntroduction v1 Scope . 12 Normative references 13 Principle 14 Apparatus . 15 Sampling 26 Conditioning 27 Preparation of test pieces for ageing . 28 Procedure. 29 Calc
8、ulation 310 Test report . 3Annex A (informative) Interpretation and limitations of ageing tests 5Bibliography 6BS ISO 5630-7:2014ISO 5630-7:2014(E)ForewordISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of
9、preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental,
10、 in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are described in the ISO/
11、IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular the different approval criteria needed for the different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives).Attention is drawn to the possibility
12、 that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or on the ISO list of paten
13、t declarations received (see www.iso.org/patents).Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not constitute an endorsement.For an explanation on the meaning of ISO specific terms and expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as informa
14、tion about ISOs adherence to the WTO principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) see the following URL: Foreword - Supplementary informationThe committee responsible for this document is ISO/TC 6, Paper, board and pulps, Subcommittee SC 2, Test methods and quality specifications for paper an
15、d board.ISO 5630 consists of the following parts, under the general title Paper and board Accelerated ageing: Part 1: Dry heat treatment at 105 C Part 3: Moist heat treatment at 80 C and 65 % relative humidity Part 4: Dry heat treatment at 120 or 150 C Part 5: Exposure to elevated temperature at 100
16、 C Part 6: Exposure to atmospheric pollution (nitrogen dioxide) Part 7: Exposure to lightPart 2: Moist heat treatment at 90 C and 25 % relative humidity was withdrawn in 1992.iv ISO 2014 All rights reservedBS ISO 5630-7:2014ISO 5630-7:2014(E)IntroductionExposure of paper or board to a hostile enviro
17、nment, such as some type of radiation, elevated temperature, or chemical pollutant over a period of hours or days can provide information concerning the natural changes that can occur in the material over a period of years.This test method for accelerated ageing by exposure of paper to an elevated l
18、ight flux has its origins in the extensive ASTM2research program which developed experimental procedures and studied a range of printing and writing papers. The light irradiance specified in this part of ISO 5630 is much lower than that recommended by the ASTM study which is considered too high and
19、requires expensive and hazardous equipment.To get a full understanding of the stability of paper to long-term natural ageing effects, a combination of test methods for accelerated ageing can be used. Application of accelerated ageing tests assumes that the changes that occur under harsher than norma
20、l conditions have a strong positive correlation with those occurring under “normal” conditions. ISO 2014 All rights reserved vBS ISO 5630-7:2014BS ISO 5630-7:2014Paper and board Accelerated ageing Part 7: Exposure to light1 ScopeThis part of ISO 5630 specifies a method for accelerating the ageing of
21、 paper and board through exposure to an elevated light irradiance and for assessing the effect of ageing on optical properties for the purpose of predicting stability to long-term natural ageing that occurs due to exposure to light. It is applicable to all types of paper and board whose surface is w
22、hite or near white.2 Normative referencesThe following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (i
23、ncluding any amendments) applies.ISO 186, Paper and board Sampling to determine average qualityISO 187, Paper, board and pulps Standard atmosphere for conditioning and testing and procedure for monitoring the atmosphere and conditioning of samplesISO 2470-1, Paper, board and pulps Measurement of dif
24、fuse blue reflectance factor Part 1: Indoor daylight conditions (ISO brightness)ISO 5631-1, Paper and board Determination of colour by diffuse reflectance Part 1: Indoor daylight conditions (C/2)3 PrincipleSheets of paper are aged at an accelerated rate by exposing them to an elevated light irradian
25、ce. The elevated irradiance accelerates changes in the optical properties which occur when paper is exposed to “normal” light levels over an extended period. By comparing diffuse blue reflectance factor (ISO brightness) and the b* CIELab colour coordinate before and after ageing, a measure of the st
26、ability of the optical properties of the paper when exposed to light is obtained.4 Apparatus4.1 Light source, producing an even irradiance (total irradiance) to all test surfaces of 20 W/m2 1 W/m2in the wavelength range 290 nm to 800 nm with a UV component of 1,0 W/m2 0,1 W/m2. The ratio of the irra
27、diance in the wavelength range 400 nm to 600 nm to that in the range 600 nm to 800 nm shall be 1,0 to 1,5 with all wavelengths over the range 400 nm to 700 nm present in the radiation.The uniformity of the total irradiance shall be such that it does not vary by more than 1 W/m2on any portion of the
28、test surface of the specimen. If the light delivered by the source includes wavelengths below 300 nm, these shall be removed by the use of a suitable glass filter.The total irradiance of the light source at the specimen surface shall be checked at regular intervals to maintain it within a range of 1
29、 W/m2of its nominal value (value when first tested or first used) with a UV component maintained within 0,1 W/m2. If the irradiance is outside either of these ranges, the lamp(s) shall be replaced.INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 5630-7:2014(E) ISO 2014 All rights reserved 1BS ISO 5630-7:2014ISO 5630-7:20
30、14(E)4.2 Light chamber, of a size sufficient to mount the number of test pieces required for testing (Clause 8) in such a way that all of the surface area on one side of each specimen is exposed uniformly to the specified irradiance (4.1).4.3 System for controlling the temperature of the surface of
31、the test pieces, that keeps the surface temperature of the test pieces below 26 C when exposed to the light used to age them. For example, a system for blowing air that meets the specifications of the atmosphere used to condition the test specimens (Clause 6), over the specimens at a sufficiently hi
32、gh rate.5 SamplingOnly handle the paper samples with clean cotton gloves. The samples shall be kept in the dark except during sampling, while being placed and exposed in the light chamber and during testing.If the average quality of a lot is to be determined, sampling shall be carried out in accorda
33、nce with ISO 186. If another type of sample is to be tested, make sure that the sheets or specimens taken are representative of the sample received. Select sufficient specimens or sheets of adequate size for testing brightness and colour before and after ageing (Clause 8).Unless the two sides of the
34、 specimens or sheets are easily distinguished, mark the same side of each specimen/sheet so that the ageing results can be associated with a particular side.6 ConditioningKeep the specimens or sheets in the dark, condition them in accordance with ISO 187 immediately prior to initial testing of optic
35、al properties.7 Preparation of test pieces for ageingCarry out the preparation of the test pieces in the same atmosphere as used for conditioning (Clause 6).Prepare sufficient test pieces for testing of optical properties (Clause 8). The test piece size and preparation shall conform with the require
36、ments of ISO 2470-1, except that two sets of test pieces shall be prepared, one for testing the optical properties and the other for the backing pad which shall be used for testing of all test pieces, both unaged and aged, i.e. the backing pad shall not change. As long as the pad meets the optical r
37、equirements of ISO 2470-1, the number of the test pieces in the pad can be less than ten.8 ProcedureDetermine the diffuse blue reflectance factor (ISO brightness) in accordance with ISO 2470-1 and the b* CIELab colour coordinate in accordance with ISO 5631-1, of the top side of the unaged test piece
38、s in the same atmosphere as used for conditioning (Clause 6), except that the test pieces being tested shall not be part of the backing stack. Take note of the positions of testing by some appropriate means as the same areas shall be tested after accelerated ageing. Retain the stack of test pieces u
39、sed as the backing for the optical tests on the unaged material for testing the test pieces after aging.Immediately after testing the test pieces, mount them in the light chamber (4.2), such that the top surface of each test piece will be exposed to the same even light flux (4.1). Mount the test pie
40、ces, such that they do not touch the chamber walls (4.2). The light chamber shall be kept in the same atmosphere as used for conditioning (Clause 6) during mounting and exposure of the test pieces.Immediately after mounting, expose the test pieces to the specified light flux for (120 0,5) h. Ensure
41、that the temperature at the surface of each test piece is kept below 26 C (and above 22 C). A lower irradiance than that specified in 4.1 may be used as long as the ratio between the total and UV components is maintained and all other specifications of the irradiance are met. In this case, it may be
42、 desirable to 2 ISO 2014 All rights reservedBS ISO 5630-7:2014ISO 5630-7:2014(E)use a longer exposure time. The deviation from the specified conditions shall be reported. The results obtained cannot be considered to conform with the requirements of this part of ISO 5630.Do not insert additional test
43、 pieces into or remove test pieces from the light chamber during the period of exposure.Immediately after ageing, determine the diffuse blue reflectance factor (ISO brightness), in accordance with ISO 2470-1, and the b* CIELab colour coordinate, in accordance with ISO 5631-1, of the aged test specim
44、ens except that the same backing pad used for testing of unaged test pieces shall be used for testing each of the aged test pieces. Test an area of each test piece as close as possible to that tested prior to ageing such as to produce matched pairs of results.If required, repeat the testing for the
45、other side of the test pieces; formation of a backing pad, testing of unaged test pieces, ageing of the test pieces, and testing of the aged test pieces.If there is sufficient room in the test chamber, testing of both sides of the unaged test pieces may be carried out prior to ageing of the test pie
46、ces and then both the top side and reverse side aged in the ageing chamber at the same time.9 CalculationCalculate the change in diffuse blue reflectance factor (ISO brightness) and the change in b* CIELab colour coordinate for matched pairs of results, pre-aged and aged, for the top side as shown b
47、elow.Calculate the change in ISO brightness, to the nearest %, with Formula (1):RRRR=()121100(1)whereR is the change in diffuse blue reflectance factor (ISO brightness), as a percentage;R1is the diffuse blue reflectance factor (ISO brightness) before ageing;R2is the diffuse blue reflectance factor (
48、ISO brightness) after ageing.Calculate the change in b* CIELab colour coordinate, to three significant figures, with Formula (2):(*)* *bbb=21(2)where(b*) is the change in b* CIELab colour coordinate;b*1is the b* CIELab colour coordinate before ageing;b*2is the b* CIELab colour coordinate after agein
49、g.Calculate the mean change in diffuse blue reflectance factor (ISO brightness) to the nearest 1 %, and the mean change in the b* CIELab colour coordinate to three significant figures, and calculate the standard deviation for each. If required, calculate these for the reverse side as well.10 Test reportThe test report shall include the following information:a) a reference to this part of ISO 5630 (i.e. ISO 5630-7); ISO 2014 All rights reserved 3BS ISO 5630-7:2014ISO 5630-7:2014(E)b) all information ne
