1、raising standards worldwideNO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAWBSI Standards PublicationBS ISO 4666-1:2010Rubber, vulcanized Determination of temperaturerise and resistance to fatigue inflexometer testingPart 1: Basic principlesBS ISO 4666-1:2010 BRITISH STANDARDNat
2、ional forewordThis British Standard is the UK implementation of ISO 4666-1:2010. Itsupersedes BS 903-A49:1984 which is withdrawn.The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to TechnicalCommittee PRI/22, Physical testing of rubber.A list of organizations represented on this committee can be
3、obtained on request to its secretary.This publication does not purport to include all the necessaryprovisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correctapplication. BSI 2010ISBN 978 0 580 65430 5ICS 83.060Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity fromlegal obligations.This
4、British Standard was published under the authority of theStandards Policy and Strategy Committee on 31 October 2010.Amendments issued since publicationDate Text affectedBS ISO 4666-1:2010Reference numberISO 4666-1:2010(E)ISO 2010INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO4666-1Second edition2010-10-01Rubber, vulcani
5、zed Determination of temperature rise and resistance to fatigue in flexometer testing Part 1: Basic principles Caoutchouc vulcanis Dtermination de llvation de temprature et de la rsistance la fatigue dans les essais aux flexomtres Partie 1: Principes fondamentaux BS ISO 4666-1:2010ISO 4666-1:2010(E)
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9、IGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT ISO 2010 All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from either ISO at the address below
10、or ISOs member body in the country of the requester. ISO copyright office Case postale 56 CH-1211 Geneva 20 Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11 Fax + 41 22 749 09 47 E-mail copyrightiso.org Web www.iso.org Published in Switzerland ii ISO 2010 All rights reservedBS ISO 4666-1:2010ISO 4666-1:2010(E) ISO 2010 All r
11、ights reserved iiiContents Page Foreword iv Introduction.v 1 Scope1 2 Normative references1 3 Terms and definitions .1 4 Test conditions 3 5 Test pieces .3 5.1 Form and dimensions .3 5.2 Preparation.3 5.3 Time interval between vulcanization and testing.4 5.4 Conditioning 4 5.5 Number .4 6 Apparatus.
12、4 6.1 General .4 6.2 Temperature-controlled cabinet 4 6.3 Measurement of temperature .4 7 Procedure.5 7.1 General .5 7.2 Temperature of test .5 7.3 Measurement of temperature rise5 7.4 Determination of fatigue life.5 7.5 Determination of limiting fatigue deformability and limiting fatigue stress5 7.
13、6 Determination of creep .6 7.7 Determination of set6 8 Test report6 Annex A (informative) Explanatory notes.7 Bibliography9 BS ISO 4666-1:2010ISO 4666-1:2010(E) iv ISO 2010 All rights reservedForeword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national sta
14、ndards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International or
15、ganizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization. International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules give
16、n in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 7
17、5 % of the member bodies casting a vote. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. ISO 4666-1 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 45, Ru
18、bber and rubber products, Subcommittee SC 2, Testing and analysis. This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition (ISO 4666-1:1982), which has been technically revised. ISO 4666 consists of the following parts, under the general title Rubber, vulcanized Determination of temperature rise
19、and resistance to fatigue in flexometer testing: Part 1: Basic principles Part 2: Rotary flexometer Part 3: Compression flexometer (constant-strain type) Part 4: Constant-stress flexometer BS ISO 4666-1:2010ISO 4666-1:2010(E) ISO 2010 All rights reserved vIntroduction All rubbers show viscoelastic b
20、ehaviour. When subjected to cyclic deformation, they absorb a part of the deformation energy and convert this into heat. The heat generated leads to a temperature rise, which can be considerable in the interior of relatively thick components because of the low thermal conductivity of rubbers. In cas
21、es where the cyclic deformation is large or the temperature reaches high values, it is possible for damage to the rubber to occur through fatigue-initiated breakdown. The breakdown begins in the interior of the rubber, spreads outwards, and can finally lead to the complete breakdown of the component
22、. The tests specified in the various parts of this International Standard yield either temperature rise data or the fatigue life of the rubber under given test conditions. Measurement of fatigue life over a range of conditions can be used to determine the limiting fatigue deformability or limiting f
23、atigue stress of the rubber. The instruments used, commonly called flexometers, subject test pieces to cycles of either constant-stress amplitude or constant-strain amplitude. A distinction should be made between flexometer tests and fatigue tests conducted on thin test pieces undergoing tensile def
24、ormation or bending. In the fatigue tests, the temperature rise is generally negligible owing to the rapid dissipation of heat generated, and failure results from the initiation and growth of cracks which ultimately sever the test piece. ISO 1321specifies tests for the determination of flex cracking
25、 and cut growth using the De Mattia-type machine. The determination of resistance to tension fatigue is specified in ISO 69433. BS ISO 4666-1:2010BS ISO 4666-1:2010INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 4666-1:2010(E) ISO 2010 All rights reserved 1Rubber, vulcanized Determination of temperature rise and resista
26、nce to fatigue in flexometer testing Part 1: Basic principles 1 Scope This part of ISO 4666 establishes general principles for flexometer testing and defines the terms used. Flexometer testing makes possible predictions regarding the durability of rubbers in finished articles subject to dynamic flex
27、ing in service such as tyres, bearings, supports, V-belts, and cable-pulley insert rings. However, owing to the wide variations in service conditions, no simple correlation between the accelerated tests specified in the various parts of this International Standard and service performance can be assu
28、med. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. ISO 4664-1:1), Rubber
29、, vulcanized or thermoplastic Determination of dynamic properties Part 1: General guidance ISO 23529, Rubber General procedures for preparing and conditioning test pieces for physical test methods 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO 4664-
30、1 and the following apply. 3.1 loading subjection of the test piece to a predetermined stress or strain, either static or cyclic 3.2 pre-stress pconstant static stress to which the test piece is subjected during the test NOTE 1 Pre-stress is expressed in pascals. NOTE 2 Pre-stress can be used to sim
31、ulate product requirements or simply to hold the test piece in the apparatus. NOTE 3 The term “mean stress” (ISO 4664-1:) is equivalent or near equivalent to “pre-stress”. 1) To be published. (Revision of ISO 4664-1:2005) BS ISO 4666-1:2010ISO 4666-1:2010(E) 2 ISO 2010 All rights reserved3.3 pre-str
32、ain pconstant static strain to which the test piece is subjected during the test NOTE 1 Pre-strain can be used to simulate product requirements or simply to hold the test piece in the apparatus. NOTE 2 The term “mean strain” (ISO 4664-1:) is equivalent or near equivalent to “pre-strain”. 3.4 cyclic
33、stress amplitude aaratio of the force amplitude (cyclic force) superimposed upon the pre-strain or pre-stress to the appropriate cross-sectional area of the unstressed test piece NOTE 1 Cyclic stress amplitude is expressed in pascals. NOTE 2 The term “maximum stress amplitude” (ISO 4664-1:) is equiv
34、alent or near equivalent to “cyclic stress amplitude”. 3.5 cyclic strain amplitude aadeformation amplitude (cyclic deformation) superimposed upon the pre-strain or pre-stress NOTE 1 For certain flexometers, the cyclic strain is smaller than the pre-strain. NOTE 2 In a compression flexometer, the pre
35、-stress, p, acts in the same direction as the cyclic strain amplitude, a. In a rotary flexometer, a cyclic shear strain, a, or cyclic shear stress, a, acts at right angles to an axial compression pre-strain, p, or axial compression pre-stress, p. NOTE 3 The term “maximum strain amplitude” (ISO 4664-
36、1:) is equivalent or near equivalent to “cyclic strain amplitude”. 3.6 heat generation total heat generated in the test piece by energy absorption during the test NOTE “Heat generation” should be distinguished from the deprecated, but sometimes used, expression “heat build-up”, which is normally ass
37、ociated with the temperature rise in the test piece. 3.7 temperature rise increase in temperature of the test piece NOTE The temperature rise is taken as the difference between the temperature measured at a given point in the test piece at a given time during the test and either the temperature at t
38、he beginning of the test or the ambient temperature. 3.8 fatigue breakdown change in chemical structure, physical structure or composition of the test piece under the simultaneous action of stress and temperature 3.9 fatigue life N number of cycles required to produce failure or breakdown under a gi
39、ven static and cyclic loading BS ISO 4666-1:2010ISO 4666-1:2010(E) ISO 2010 All rights reserved 33.10 fatigue deformability cyclic strain amplitude corresponding to a given fatigue Iife 3.11 fatigue stress cyclic stress amplitude corresponding to a given fatigue Iife 3.12 limiting fatigue deformabil
40、ity cyclic strain amplitude at which the fatigue life curve becomes essentially parallel to the log N axis See Figure 1. 3.13 limiting fatigue stress cyclic stress amplitude at which the fatigue life curve becomes essentially parallel to the log N axis See Figure 1. 4 Test conditions The relative ra
41、tings of rubbers having different moduli depend upon the type of loading used to evaluate them: a) pand aor aconstant; b) p and aor aconstant; c) pand aor aconstant; d) pand aor aconstant. Both the type and magnitude of loading should be governed by the intended use of the rubber. In tests for heat
42、generation, the magnitude should be high enough to generate a temperature rise that is sufficient to be discriminating, but not high enough to cause breakdown. In tests for fatigue life, choose the loading that yields results capable of discriminating between materials. NOTE It is also possible to c
43、onduct tests under constant-strain energy conditions. 5 Test pieces 5.1 Form and dimensions Test pieces for flexometer testing shall be cylindrical. Dimensions differ according to the test method used. 5.2 Preparation Test pieces shall be prepared and stored in accordance with ISO 23529. Test pieces
44、 may be prepared by vulcanization in moulds, or from slabs or finished parts by cutting, boring, and buffing. If test pieces are cut from a finished part, this shall be mentioned in the test report. BS ISO 4666-1:2010ISO 4666-1:2010(E) 4 ISO 2010 All rights reserved5.3 Time interval between vulcaniz
45、ation and testing See ISO 23529. For all test purposes, the minimum time between vulcanization and testing shall be 16 h. For non-product tests, the maximum time between vulcanization and testing shall be 4 weeks and for evaluations intended to be comparable, the tests, as far as possible, should be
46、 carried out after the same time interval. For product tests, whenever possible, the time between vulcanization and testing should not exceed 3 months. In other cases, tests shall be made within 2 months of the date of receipt of the product by the customer. 5.4 Conditioning Before testing, test pie
47、ces shall be conditioned for at least 3 h at one of the standard laboratory temperatures specified in ISO 23529. 5.5 Number Two test pieces of each rubber shall be used for measurement of either the temperature rise under a specified loading or the fatigue life under a specified loading. More test p
48、ieces are needed if confidence limits are to be established. For plotting fatigue life curves, at least five and preferably 10 test pieces should be provided. 6 Apparatus 6.1 General Only general requirements for test machines (flexometers) are considered here. Typical machines are described in ISO
49、4666-2, ISO 4666-3 and ISO 4666-4, but other machines may be used provided that they fulfil the basic requirements of this part of ISO 4666 and provided that all comparative tests are carried out on the same type of machine. Construction shall be sturdy and precise. The imposed test conditions shall be constant for any single test series, but adjustments shall be possible from one series to the next. Readings or recordings, whether by mechanical, optical or electrical mean
