1、BSI Standards PublicationBS ISO 3324-1:2013Aircraft tyres and rimsPart 1: SpecificationsBS ISO 3324-1:2013 BRITISH STANDARDNational forewordThis British Standard is the UK implementation of ISO 3324-1:2013. It supersedes BS 4M 45-1:1998 which is withdrawn.The UK participation in its preparation was
2、entrusted to Technical Committee ACE/1, International and European Aerospace Policy and Processes.A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary.This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are respo
3、nsible for its correct application. The British Standards Institution 2013. Published by BSI Standards Limited 2013ISBN 978 0 580 70875 6 ICS 49.035; 83.160.20 Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity from legal obligations.This British Standard was published under the authority of
4、the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 31 July 2013.Amendments issued since publicationDate T e x t a f f e c t e dBS ISO 3324-1:2013 ISO 2013Aircraft tyres and rims Part 1: SpecificationsPneumatiques et jantes pour aronefs Partie 1: SpcificationsINTERNATIONAL STANDARDISO3324-1Fifth edition2
5、013-07-01Reference numberISO 3324-1:2013(E)BS ISO 3324-1:2013ISO 3324-1:2013(E)ii ISO 2013 All rights reservedCOPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT ISO 2013All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electro
6、nic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting on the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address below or ISOs member body in the country of the requester.ISO copyright officeCase postale 56 CH-1211 Geneva 20Tel. + 41
7、22 749 01 11Fax + 41 22 749 09 47E-mail copyrightiso.orgWeb www.iso.orgPublished in SwitzerlandBS ISO 3324-1:2013ISO 3324-1:2013(E) ISO 2013 All rights reserved iiiContents PageForeword iv1 Scope . 12 Normativereferences 13 Termsanddefinitions . 14 Newtyres 24.1 Tyre size designation . 24.2 Tyre mar
8、kings 24.3 Dimensions and symbols . 34.4 Bias tyre dimensions and growth allowances 34.5 Radial tyre dimensions and dimensional tolerances . 64.6 Determination of clearance allowances 75 Retread tyres .135.1 Tyre size designation 135.2 Tyre markings . 135.3 Retread tyre dimensions . 136 Rims 146.1 F
9、undamental rim standards . 146.2 Inspection tolerances of rims 186.3 Valve, fuse plug and over pressure hole locations, Vmin21Annex A (informative)Aircrafttyresizedesignations .23Bibliography .30BS ISO 3324-1:2013ISO 3324-1:2013(E)ForewordISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a
10、 worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represente
11、d on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.The procedures used to develop th
12、is document and those intended for its further maintenance are described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular the different approval criteria needed for the different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the editorial rules of the ISO/IEC D
13、irectives, Part 2. www.iso.org/directivesAttention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of any patent rights identified during the developme
14、nt of the document will be in the Introduction and/or on the ISO list of patent declarations received. www.iso.org/patentsAny trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not constitute an endorsement.The committee responsible for this document is ISO/T
15、C 31, Tyres, rims and valves, Subcommittee SC 8, Aircraft tyres and rims.This fifth edition cancels and replaces the fourth edition (ISO 3324-1:1997), which has been technically revised.ISO 3324 consists of the following parts, under the general title Aircraft tyres and rims: Part 1: Specifications
16、Part 2: Test methods for tyresiv ISO 2013 All rights reservedBS ISO 3324-1:2013INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 3324-1:2013(E)Aircraft tyres and rims Part 1: Specifications1 ScopeThis part of ISO 3324 gives specifications for new and retread aircraft tyres and rims.These specifications are for new designs
17、. Refer to regional standards for prior designs.2 NormativereferencesThe following referenced documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are indispensable for the application of its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated re
18、ferences, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.Not applicable to this part of ISO 3324.3 Termsanddefinitions3.1aspectratioARratio of section height to section width3.2balance markidentifying red dot, located on the sidewall at the light spot of the tyre3.3
19、chineannular protuberance located around the shoulder area of the tyre, designed to deflect water3.4ply ratingPRindex of relative tyre strength, used to identify a given tyre with its maximum load when used in a specific type of service3.5skiddepth(mould)depth of the deepest tread grooves in the mou
20、ld3.6venting markidentification dot, other than red, located at the vents of tyres3.7retread tyretyre which has been subjected to a retreading operation ISO 2013 All rights reserved 1BS ISO 3324-1:2013ISO 3324-1:2013(E)4 Newtyres4.1 TyresizedesignationThe tyre size designation for new design tyres i
21、n accordance with this part of ISO 3324 shall include a three-part size marking as follows:Overall diameter Overall section width Nominal rim diameter tyre overall diameter and overall section width, both expressed in millimetres (mm) or both expressed in inches (in); nominal rim diameter, expressed
22、 as a code (see Table 1).For radial-ply tyres, the letter “R” shall be inserted between the overall section width and nominal rim diameter in the tyre size designation replacing the hyphen (“-“).The size designation may also include one of the following letter prefixes: “B”indicates tyres for 15 tap
23、er bead seat rims with 60 % to 70 % rim width to tyre section width ratio; “H”indicates tyres for 5 taper bead seat rims with 60 % to 70 % rim width to tyre section width ratio.See ETRTO Aircraft Data Book and TRA Aircraft Year Book for sizing conventions.4.2 Tyre markingsThe marking of new tyres sh
24、all include the following:a) tyre size designation;b) ply rating (optional);c) maximum speed rating, expressed in miles per hour (mile/h, also sometimes written mph) (civil only);d) skid depth (mould), expressed in millimetres (mm) or inches(in) (civil only);e) unique serial number and date of manuf
25、acture;-f) the words “TUBELESS” or “TUBE TYPE” if applicable;g) manufacturers (or brand) name, and country of manufacture;h) balance mark;i) venting mark, if applicable;j) rated load (kg or lb);k) manufacturers part number;l) manufacturers designated casing code (if applicable);m) manufacturers desi
26、gnated tread code (if applicable).2 ISO 2013 All rights reservedBS ISO 3324-1:2013ISO 3324-1:2013(E)4.3 DimensionsandsymbolsThe following dimensions and symbols are used also see Figures 2a) and 2b):Inflatednewtyre InflatedgrowthtyreMaximum section width1)W WGMaximum shoulder width2)WSWSGMaximum ove
27、rall diameter DoDGMaximum shoulder diameter DsDSGMaximum section height H Maximum shoulder height HSAspect ratio ARPly rating PRSpecified rim diameter DNominal rim diameter code DrSection height growth factor GHSection width growth factor GWMinimum lateral distance required from wheel centreline to
28、adjacent structureWXMinimum radial distance required from axle centreline to adjacent structureRXMinimum lateral clearance3)CWMinimum radial clearance3)CRMinimum shoulder clearance3)SxWidth between flanges A1) Maximum section width includes protective side ribs, lettering bars and decorations but do
29、es not include chines (water deflectors) present on certain types of nose wheel (or auxiliary gear) tyres.2) Maximum shoulder width does not include chines (water deflectors) present on certain types of nose wheel (or auxiliary gear) tyres.3) These are minimum clearance allowances between the maximu
30、m grown tyre and the adjacent structure.4.4 Biastyredimensionsandgrowthallowances4.4.1 TyredimensionsNew inflated tyre dimensional tolerances shall be calculated using the factors shown in Figures 3 or 4. When used, the size designation as defined in 4.1 determines the maximum overall diameter and I
31、SO 2013 All rights reserved 3BS ISO 3324-1:2013ISO 3324-1:2013(E)maximum section width of the new inflated tyre. Therefore, tolerances shall be specified as a minus from the permitted maximum dimensions.Tyre dimensions shall be measured after the new tyre has been mounted on the specified rim, infla
32、ted to its rated inflation pressure, and allowed to stand for a minimum of 12 h at normal room temperature and the inflation pressure readjusted to the original value. The maximum section width includes elevations due to labelling (marking, decorations, and all protective bands or ribs except chines
33、).4.4.2 Determinationofgrowthallowances4.4.2.1 GeneralGrowth allowances provide for the increase in tyre dimensions over the maximum new inflated tyre dimensions to allow for growth or stretch of the tyre during service.4.4.2.2 Calculations4.4.2.2.1 Determine grown dimensions as follows, using the a
34、ppropriate growth factor given in 4.4.2.2.2:WG= GW WWSG= GW WSDG= D + 2 GH HDSG= D + 2 GH HSHDDo=2HDDss24.4.2.2.2 Growth factors are expressed in Figure 1.Section width growth factor, GW= 1,04Section height growth factor, GH= 1,115 - (0,075 AR)4 ISO 2013 All rights reservedBS ISO 3324-1:2013ISO 3324
35、-1:2013(E)KeyX aspect ratio (AR)Y section height growth factor, GHFigure1 Growthfactors4.4.2.2.3 Obtain the new tyre dimensions DO, DS, W and WS, as shown in the tyre tables (see Annex A); such dimensions should be considered maximum.4.4.2.2.4 The maximum shoulder width, WS, and the maximum shoulder
36、 height, HS, are determined by the formulae:WS= 0,9 WHS= 0,9 H4.4.2.2.5 Nominal rim diameters are shown in Table 1. ISO 2013 All rights reserved 5BS ISO 3324-1:2013ISO 3324-1:2013(E)Table1 NominalrimdiametercodeCode, DrNominalrimdiameterin mm4 4 1025 5 1276 6 1527 7 1788 8 2039 9 22910 10 25411 11 2
37、7912 12 30513 13 33014 14 35615 15 38116 16 40617 17 43218 18 45719 19 48320 20 50821 21 53322 22 55923 23 58424 24 6104.5 Radialtyredimensionsanddimensionaltolerances4.5.1 TyredimensionsThe dimensions to be specified for radial tyres are the grown tyre dimensions. They include:a) the maximum overal
38、l diameter, DG;b) the maximum section width, WG;c) the maximum shoulder diameter, DSG;d) the maximum shoulder width, WSG1);e) the minimum static loaded radius, SLRG,min;f) the maximum static loaded radius, SLRG,max.DG, WG, DSG, WSGare the maximum permitted grown inflated tyre dimensions. SLRGis the
39、loaded radius when the grown tyre is inflated to its rated inflation pressure, and loaded to its rated load against a flat surface.1) For tyre size designations expressed in millimetres, the maximum shoulder width should be calculated using the formula:WSG = 0,88 WGConsult the tyre manufacturer for
40、application recommendation.6 ISO 2013 All rights reservedBS ISO 3324-1:2013ISO 3324-1:2013(E)Grown dimensions shall be measured on tyres that have completed 50 take-off cycles. Tyres shall be allowed to cool to room temperature and shall be measured at the rated inflation pressure.The size designati
41、on defined in 4.1 determines the maximum dimensions of an equivalent new inflated bias tyre that would have the same grown dimensions as calculated in 4.4.2.4.5.2 CalculationsDimensions “WG” includes all protective side ribs, lettering, bars and decorations, except chines. Determine radial tyre “max
42、imum grown tyre envelope” dimension as follows based on Inch code or Metric designation:Dimension FormulaInchecodetyres Metric tyres Inchcodetyres Metric tyresWGWG1,04 WT1,04 WTWSGWSG0,90 WG0,88 WGDGDG(DT D) GH+ D (DT D) GH+ DDSGDSG0,90 (DG- D) + D 0,90 (DG D) + DGHGH1,115 (0.075 AR) 1,115(0.075 AR)
43、AR AR (DT D)/(2 WT) DT(25,4 D)/(2 WT)DT= Theoretical maximum new tyre outside diameter of Inch code radial tyre (maximum new tyre diameter of bias equivalent).DT= Theoretical maximum new tyre outside diameter of metric radial tyre used in calculation of maximum grown overall diameter.WT= Theoretical
44、 maximum new tyre width (maximum new tyre width of bias equivalent).WT= Theoretical maximum new tyre width (metric radial tyre) (maximum new tyre width of bias equivalent).4.6 Determinationofclearanceallowances4.6.1 Clearancesaroundindividualtyres Bias(diagonal)plytyresClearance allowances between t
45、he tyre and the adjacent parts of the aircraft shall be provided by the aircraft manufacturer. These allowances are to be based on the maximum overall tyre dimensions plus growth allowances due to service, plus the increase in diameter due to centrifugal force. Minimum distances to adjacent parts of
46、 the aircraft are determined as specified in 4.6.1.1 to 4.6.1.3.4.6.1.1 Determine the maximum grown tyre envelope as specified in 4.4.2 for bias tyres. This is the dotted line labelled “grown (used) inflated tyre” in Figure 2a).4.6.1.2 Obtain the radial (CR) and lateral (CW) clearances from the form
47、ulae in a) or b) below as appropriate.a) For dimensions in millimetres and speed in km/hour:CRGSpeed=+17 02 0 5306 1001000103348,*( /)*,W CW= 0,019 WG+ 6b) For dimensions in inches and speed in miles/hour: ISO 2013 All rights reserved 7BS ISO 3324-1:2013ISO 3324-1:2013(E)CWRGSpeed=+17 02 261 1001000
48、043348,*( /)*,CW= 0,019 WG+ 0,234.6.1.3 Determine the distance to adjacent parts as follows:a) The radial distance from the axle centreline to the adjacent part, Rx,min, is given by:RDCX,minGR=+2b) The lateral distance from the wheel centreline to the adjacent part, WX,min, is given by:WWCX,minGW=+2
49、c) The radius or clearance allowed between tyre shoulder area and adjacent part, SX,min, is given by:SCCX,minWR=+2NOTE The radial clearance, SX,min, includes allowances for increase in tyre diameter due to centrifugal force.4.6.2 Clearancearoundindividualtyres-radialplytyresClearance allowances between the tyre and the adjac
