1、raising standards worldwideNO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAWBSI Standards PublicationBS ISO 3039:2010Corrugated fibreboard Determination of grammageof the component papers afterseparationBS ISO 3039:2010 BRITISH STANDARDNational forewordThis British Standard is t
2、he UK implementation of ISO 3039:2010.The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to TechnicalCommittee PAI/11, Methods of test for paper, board and pulps.A list of organizations represented on this committee can beobtained on request to its secretary.This publication does not purport to i
3、nclude all the necessaryprovisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correctapplication. BSI 2010ISBN 978 0 580 62860 3ICS 85.060Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity fromlegal obligations.This British Standard was published under the authority of theStandards Policy a
4、nd Strategy Committee on 31 August 2010.Amendments issued since publicationDate Text affectedBS ISO 3039:2010Reference numberISO 3039:2010(E)ISO 2010INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO3039Second edition2010-08-01Corrugated fibreboard Determination of grammage of the component papers after separation Carton o
5、ndul Dtermination du grammage des papiers composants aprs leur sparation BS ISO 3039:2010ISO 3039:2010(E) PDF disclaimer This PDF file may contain embedded typefaces. In accordance with Adobes licensing policy, this file may be printed or viewed but shall not be edited unless the typefaces which are
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9、including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from either ISO at the address below or ISOs member body in the country of the requester. ISO copyright office Case postale 56 CH-1211 Geneva 20 Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11 Fax + 41 22 749 09 47 E-mail copyrightiso.org Web www.iso.org Pu
10、blished in Switzerland ii ISO 2010 All rights reservedBS ISO 3039:2010ISO 3039:2010(E) ISO 2010 All rights reserved iiiContents Page Foreword iv Introduction.v 1 Scope1 2 Normative references1 3 Terms and definitions .1 4 Principle2 5 Reagents.2 6 Apparatus.2 7 Sampling.2 8 Preparation of specimens.
11、3 9 Procedure.3 9.1 Separation of the component layers .3 9.2 Removal of the adhesive 3 9.3 Drying of the separated layers.3 9.4 Conditioning of the separated layers 3 9.5 Preparation of test pieces.3 9.6 Determination of grammage.4 10 Calculation and expression of results 4 11 Test report4 Annex A
12、(informative) Precision5 Bibliography8 BS ISO 3039:2010ISO 3039:2010(E) iv ISO 2010 All rights reservedForeword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normal
13、ly carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the
14、 work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization. International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. The main task of technical committees is to prepare I
15、nternational Standards. Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some o
16、f the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. ISO 3039 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 6, Paper, board and pulps, Subcommittee SC 2, Test methods and quality specifications for paper an
17、d board. This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition (ISO 3039:1975), which has been technically revised to include precision data. BS ISO 3039:2010ISO 3039:2010(E) ISO 2010 All rights reserved vIntroduction This International Standard describes a procedure where the separated compone
18、nt layers are allowed to dry freely, i.e. unrestrained. In 2008, an international round-robin was performed to compare precision data between the two drying procedures: free drying (which can involve shrinkage) and restraint drying (where the layers are prevented from shrinking). As no statistical p
19、rovable difference in the repeatability and the reproducibility between the two drying procedures was observed, the faster and simpler procedure, i.e. the free drying method, was chosen for this International Standard. Precision data for free drying are given in Annex A. There is an indication from
20、test results that some of the adhesive enters and stays in the papers it comes in contact with, and is not or cannot be removed by the method we use. Thus, the results for layers will generally be greater than the initial values. BS ISO 3039:2010BS ISO 3039:2010INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 3039:2010(E
21、) ISO 2010 All rights reserved 1Corrugated fibreboard Determination of grammage of the component papers after separation 1 Scope This International Standard specifies a method for determining the grammage of the component layers from which corrugated fibreboard has been made. This International Stan
22、dard is applicable to all types of corrugated fibreboard. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (inc
23、luding any amendments) applies. ISO 186, Paper and board Sampling to determine average quality ISO 187, Paper, board and pulps Standard atmosphere for conditioning and testing and procedure for monitoring the atmosphere and conditioning of samples 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this doc
24、ument, the following terms and definitions apply. 3.1 grammage mass per unit area mass of a unit area of paper or board determined by a specific method of test NOTE Grammage is expressed in grams per square metre. ISO 536:19951, definition 3.1 3.2 corrugated fibreboard board consisting of one or mor
25、e sheets of fluted paper glued to a flat sheet of board or between several sheets ISO 4046-4:20022, definition 4.49 3.3 layer component that is a part of corrugated fibreboard, which normally comprises a fluted layer (fluting) and a flat layer (liner) on each side BS ISO 3039:2010ISO 3039:2010(E) 2
26、ISO 2010 All rights reserved3.4 facing linerboard (liner) used as the flat component of corrugated fibreboard ISO 4046-4:2002, definition 4.66 3.5 fluting medium corrugating medium fluting paper or board intended for use in the manufacture of corrugated fibreboard ISO 4046-4:2002, definition 4.73 3.
27、6 linerboard board used as the facing material in the production of combined corrugated fibreboard, solid fibreboard or “carton compact” ISO 4046-4:2002, definition 4.105 4 Principle Separation of the components of corrugated board specimens, to determine their grammage, by soaking in water so that
28、the component layers can be separated. Drying and conditioning of the component layers. Determination of grammage of the individual layers. 5 Reagents 5.1 Tap water, normally having a temperature of 20 C to 30 C but not exceeding 60 C. 6 Apparatus Use ordinary laboratory apparatus and the following.
29、 6.1 Tank, of sufficient size for immersion of the test specimen, to contain water at room temperature (20 C to 30 C) or hot water not exceeding 60 C. 6.2 Cutting device, for cutting circular (diameter 112,8 mm 0,5 mm) or square (length 100 mm 0,5 mm) specimens from the corrugated fibreboard. 6.3 Dr
30、ying oven, capable of maintaining the air temperature at 105 C 2 C, and suitably ventilated. 6.4 Balance, with an actual scale interval of 0,001 g which makes it possible to determine the grammage of the separate layers to three significant figures (including micro-flute with grammage 100 g/m2for th
31、e separate layers). When in use, the balance shall be shielded from air currents. 7 Sampling If the tests are being made to evaluate a lot, carry out the sampling in accordance with ISO 186. If the tests are made on another type of sample, make sure that the specimens taken are representative of the
32、 sample received. BS ISO 3039:2010ISO 3039:2010(E) ISO 2010 All rights reserved 3The surfaces of the specimens taken from the corrugated fibreboard shall be free from any damage that may affect the test results. The specimens should, if possible, be taken from non-printed and non-coated corrugated f
33、ibreboard. 8 Preparation of specimens Using the cutting device (6.2), cut the specimens to an area of 10 000 mm2(100 cm2), corresponding to a diameter of 112,8 mm 0,5 mm or a square with sides of 100,0 mm 0,5 mm. Cut enough specimens to enable the determination of grammage on five test pieces from e
34、ach component layer. 9 Procedure 9.1 Separation of component layers Using the tank (6.1), immerse the specimens in tap water (5.1) long enough to cause the component layers of the corrugated fibreboard to separate spontaneously or with an extremely light pull. Make sure that the corrugated fibreboar
35、d remains submerged in the water, placing weights on the top of it if needed. When separating the component layers, care shall be taken to ensure that minimal fibres are removed from one surface and adhere to the adjoining one. In the case of water-resistant adhesive, the water (5.1) can be heated t
36、o a temperature not exceeding 60 C to accelerate the process and to separate corrugated fibreboard. The suitable immersion time may vary from grade to grade. In most cases, a few minutes are sufficient, but for grades having highly water-resistant adhesive, the necessary immersion time may be severa
37、l hours. If the immersion time is unknown, it is recommended that the suitable immersion time be evaluated before testing. Blotters may be used to remove excess water, but not when drying. 9.2 Removal of the adhesive By lightly scraping the surface, remove, while still wet, the adhesive showing on t
38、he surface of the component layer, which has not been absorbed by the sheet. Complete removal of the absorbed adhesive cannot be expected. Removal of the fibres shall be avoided. 9.3 Drying of separated layers Dry the separated layers, i.e. liners and fluting, in an oven at a temperature of 105 C 2
39、C (6.3) to constant mass. Avoid using blotters during drying since components in the adhesive, e.g. starch, might adhere to the fibres. 9.4 Conditioning of separated layers After drying, condition the separated layers in accordance with ISO 187. 9.5 Preparation of test pieces After cleaning and cond
40、itioning, flatten the fluting medium and re-cut the test pieces to an area of 10 000 mm2(100 cm2) using the cutting device (6.2). It is not necessary to re-cut the liners. BS ISO 3039:2010ISO 3039:2010(E) 4 ISO 2010 All rights reservedOne way is to use the take-up factor (TUF), to calculate the flut
41、ing medium mass, according to FEFCO 1025. The TUF should be determined for different grades of fluting. The use of the TUF is not a part of this International Standard. 9.6 Determination of grammage Determine the grammage of the component layers by individually weighing each test piece to the neares
42、t 0,001 g using the balance (6.4). Carry out the weighing in the same atmosphere as that used to condition the separated layers (9.4). NOTE The individual component mass can be subtracted from the mass of the combined board before separation to obtain an indication of the overall mass of the dried a
43、dhesive applied. Conditioning and testing is in accordance with ISO 187. 10 Calculation and expression of results For each test piece, calculate the grammage, g, in grams per square metre, to three significant figures according to: 610mgA= where m is the mass of the test piece after cutting, in gram
44、s (weighing to 0,001 g); A is the area of the test piece after cutting (10 000 mm2), in square millimetres. For each component layer, calculate the mean of the five determinations and report the arithmetic mean grammage to three significant figures and the standard deviation to two significant figur
45、es. 11 Test report The test report shall include the following information: a) a reference to this International Standard; b) the date and place of testing; c) a description and identification of the corrugated fibreboard tested; d) a description and identification of the component layers; e) the du
46、ration and temperature of soaking; f) the conditioning atmosphere used; g) the arithmetic mean grammage of each component layer; h) the standard deviation of the grammage for each component layer; i) any deviation from this International Standard that may have affected the results. BS ISO 3039:2010I
47、SO 3039:2010(E) ISO 2010 All rights reserved 5Annex A (informative) Precision A.1 General In January 2009, an international round-robin was performed in which 18 laboratories from 10 different countries participated. For a single wall of corrugated fibreboard, three laboratories did not report any r
48、esults and two laboratories deviated from this International Standard which means that 13 laboratories have been included in the calculations. For a triple wall of corrugated fibreboard, four laboratories did not report any results and three laboratories deviated from this International Standard whi
49、ch means that 11 laboratories have been included in the calculations, with the exception of “Fluting 1” with only 10. Eight samples of single-wall corrugated board and one sample of triple-wall corrugated board were tested. For each sample, the grammage was determined on five test pieces from each component layer. The process of separating corrugated boards into component layers may induce changes in the masses measured, associated with adhesives used, the properties of the layers, or other fa
