1、BS ISO22840:2010ICS 35.240.60; 43.040.15NO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAWBRITISH STANDARDIntelligent transportsystems Devicesto aid reversemanoeuvres Extended-rangebacking aid systems(ERBA)This British Standardwas published under theauthority of the StandardsPoli
2、cy and StrategyCommittee on 30 June2010 BSI 2010ISBN 978 0 580 59975 0Amendments/corrigenda issued since publicationDate CommentsBS ISO 22840:2010National forewordThis British Standard is the UK implementation of ISO 22840:2010.The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to TechnicalCommit
3、tee EPL/278, Road transport informatics.A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained onrequest to its secretary.This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisionsof a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application.Compliance with a British
4、 Standard cannot confer immunityfrom legal obligations.BS ISO 22840:2010Reference numberISO 22840:2010(E)ISO 2010INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO22840First edition2010-04-15Intelligent transport systems Devices to aid reverse manoeuvres Extended-range backing aid systems (ERBA) Systmes intelligents de tra
5、nsport Dispositifs daide aux manuvres de marche-arrire Systme daide la marche-arrire gamme de distances tendue (ERBA) BS ISO 22840:2010ISO 22840:2010(E) PDF disclaimer This PDF file may contain embedded typefaces. In accordance with Adobes licensing policy, this file may be printed or viewed but sha
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10、9 47 E-mail copyrightiso.org Web www.iso.org Published in Switzerland ii ISO 2010 All rights reservedBS ISO 22840:2010ISO 22840:2010(E) ISO 2010 All rights reserved iiiContents Page Foreword iv Introduction.v 1 Scope1 2 Normative references2 3 Terms and definitions .2 4 Symbols and abbreviated terms
11、 4 5 Functional and performance requirements 5 5.1 Steering angle5 5.2 Detection range .5 5.3 Minimum performance requirements 5 5.4 Detection latency.6 5.5 Driver interface and information strategy.7 5.6 System activation 9 5.7 System deactivation9 5.8 Operation with trailers 9 5.9 Presence detecti
12、on requirements9 5.10 Dynamic detection requirements.11 5.11 Self-test capabilities and failure indications 12 6 Requirements and tests for components .12 7 Test requirements .12 7.1 Test objects12 7.2 Ambient conditions General13 7.3 Response time for object detection 13 7.4 Test requirements Prese
13、nce warning.14 7.5 Test requirements Dynamic warning15 7.6 Detection acceptance criteria Presence warning17 7.7 Detection acceptance criteria Dynamic warning.19 Annex A (normative) Examples.20 Bibliography24 BS ISO 22840:2010ISO 22840:2010(E) iv ISO 2010 All rights reservedForeword ISO (the Internat
14、ional Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has bee
15、n established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical stand
16、ardization. International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for
17、 voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all
18、 such patent rights. ISO 22840 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 204, Intelligent transport systems. BS ISO 22840:2010ISO 22840:2010(E) ISO 2010 All rights reserved vIntroduction Extended-range backing aids (ERBA) are detection devices with non-contact sensors that assist the driver during
19、low- to mid-speed backing manoeuvring. These systems detect and warn the driver of objects in the pathway of the vehicle. In comparison to low-speed-only devices whose main purpose is assisting in parking manoeuvres (e.g. ISO 17386), the purpose of the ERBA is to assist in higher-speed backing manoe
20、uvres associated with traversing longer distances. BS ISO 22840:2010BS ISO 22840:2010INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 22840:2010(E) ISO 2010 All rights reserved 1Intelligent transport systems Devices to aid reverse manoeuvres Extended-range backing aid systems (ERBA) 1 Scope This International Standard fo
21、r extended-range backing aids (ERBA) addresses light-duty vehicles e.g. passenger cars, pick-up trucks, light vans and sport utility vehicles (motorcycles excluded) equipped with such ERBA systems. This International Standard establishes minimum functionality requirements that the driver can expect
22、of the system, such as the detection of and information on the presence of relevant obstacles within a defined detection range. This International Standard also sets minimum requirements for failure indication as well as performance test procedures. This International Standard includes rules for the
23、 general information strategy but does not restrict the kind of information or display system. ERBA systems are intended to provide backing aid functionality over an extended area located aft of the subject vehicle. ERBA systems are not intended for short-range detection of obstacles located immedia
24、tely behind the vehicle. If a short-range detection system is needed, either in lieu of or in addition to an ERBA system, reference can be made to ISO 17386. This International Standard does not include reversing aids and obstacle-detection devices for use on heavy commercial vehicles. Requirements
25、for those systems are defined in ISO/TR 12155. This International Standard does not include visibility-enhancement systems, such as video-camera aids that do not have distance ranging and warning capabilities. ERBA systems use object-detection devices (sensors) for detection and ranging in order to
26、provide the driver with information based on the distance to obstacles. The sensing technology is not addressed; however, technology does affect the performance test procedures defined in this International Standard. The test objects are defined based on systems using ultrasonic and radar sensors, w
27、hich are the most commonly used detection technology for long-range applications at the time of publication of this International Standard. ERBA systems are intended to supplement the interior and exterior rear view mirrors, not eliminate the requirement for such mirrors. Automatic actions (e.g. app
28、lying brakes to prevent a collision between the subject vehicle and the obstacle) are not addressed in this International Standard. Responsibility for the safe operation of the vehicle remains with the driver. ERBA systems calculate a dynamic estimate of collision danger e.g. perhaps using a time-to
29、-collision, (TTC) algorithm and warn the driver that immediate attention is required in order to avoid colliding with the detected obstacle. A dynamic warning is necessary for the higher vehicle speeds that occur in backing events where the relative closing velocities between the vehicle and the obs
30、tacle are greater as compared to low-speed situations, such as parking. The purpose of this dynamic warning is to deliver a more urgent warning to the driver in order for the driver to take timely action. Distance indications are optional, but if so included, it is recommended that reference be made
31、 to ISO 15008 for requirements. BS ISO 22840:2010ISO 22840:2010(E) 2 ISO 2010 All rights reserved2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest
32、edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. ISO 15006, Road vehicles Ergonomic aspects of transport information and control systems Specifications and compliance procedures for in-vehicle auditory presentation ISO 15008, Road vehicles Ergonomic aspects of transport informa
33、tion and control systems Specifications and test procedures for in-vehicle visual presentation 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply. 3.1 extended-range backing aid (ERBA) system system capable of warning a driver of the presence of obst
34、acles in an area behind the vehicle and issuing a warning to indicate immediate driver action is required 3.2 system activation process of transitioning the systems operation from a quiescent mode to an active mode NOTE In an active mode, the system is monitoring the zone of regard. It is evaluating
35、 the objects detected and is generating the appropriate indications and/or warnings to the driver. 3.3 audible information and warning acoustical indication or signal used to convey information to the driver about obstacles in the zone of regard NOTE For examples, see Annex A. 3.4 visual information
36、 and warning optical indication or signal used to convey information to the driver about obstacles in the zone of regard NOTE For examples, see Annex A. 3.5 tactile information and warning physical stimulus used to convey information to the driver about obstacles in the zone of regard NOTE For examp
37、les, see Annex A. 3.6 zone of regard specific area behind the vehicle that is monitored by the ERBA system as defined in this International Standard 3.7 sensor component that detects the obstacle(s) in the zone of regard, independent of the technology used BS ISO 22840:2010ISO 22840:2010(E) ISO 2010
38、 All rights reserved 33.8 test object standard test target used for testing a system NOTE The test object is comprised of a specific material, geometry and surface for standardized testing of obstacles within the systems zone of regard. It is expected that the test object yield comparable results fo
39、r different sensor types. See 7.1. 3.9 warning levels intensity of the warnings conveyed to the driver about the threat of obstacles in the zone of regard NOTE For examples, see Annex A. 3.10 closing speed relative velocity between the subject vehicle and the detected obstacle, regardless of whether
40、 one or both is/are stationary or moving NOTE For examples, see Annex A. 3.11 distance indication provides the driver information on the specific distance between the subject vehicle and the obstacle 3.12 presence warning information provided to the driver on the presence of an obstacle in the zone
41、of regard NOTE The purposes of this warning are to alert the driver of objects located in the zone of regard before releasing the brake and moving the subject vehicle; alert the driver of objects located in the zone of regard that have not exceeded the threshold for a dynamic warning (see 3.13). 3.1
42、3 dynamic warning urgent indication to the driver of an imminent threat (collision) with an obstacle NOTE For examples, see Annex A. 3.14 steering angle angle between the straight-ahead position and the current position (heading) of the wheels relative to the longitudinal axis of the vehicle 3.15 re
43、adiness-for-service indication indication presented to the driver that the ERBA system has completed its state transition from OFF (or standby) to ON and is now ready for operational use NOTE The method of presentation of this indication may be visual or audible or any combination so desired by the
44、system designer. BS ISO 22840:2010ISO 22840:2010(E) 4 ISO 2010 All rights reserved4 Symbols and abbreviated terms Bedgebacking area, edge Bfarbacking area, far Bmiddlebacking area, middle Bnearbacking area, near Boutbacking area, out Bsidebacking area, side C degrees Celsius cm centimetre dx change
45、in x dy change in y e.g. exempli gratia (for example) etc. et cetera (and the rest) HMI human-machine interface i.e. id est (that is) m metre max. maximum ms millisecond m/s metres per second min. minimum RCS radar cross-section s second outside diameter BS ISO 22840:2010ISO 22840:2010(E) ISO 2010 A
46、ll rights reserved 55 Functional and performance requirements IMPORTANT The ERBA system as described in this International Standard is intended to detect typical objects in the reversing path of a vehicle in order to help protect it from damage. It is not intended to reliably detect pedestrians or a
47、nimals. It is recommended that the vehicle operators handbook (owners manual) include an advisory note that clearly indicates this limitation. 5.1 Steering angle As a minimum requirement, the ERBA system shall support straight backing manoeuvres. The azimuth zone-of-regard definition (3.6) in this I
48、nternational Standard relates to this primary-use case. See Figure 1. ERBA systems may adapt to the steering angle for better detection of obstacles in the path of travel in curves; however, this International Standard does not include performance requirements for systems that adapt to steering angl
49、e. The requirements of this International Standard shall be fulfilled during backing events with the steering in the neutral position. 5.2 Detection range ERBA systems shall detect targets located in the 1,0 m to 5,0 m range located behind the vehicles rear bumper in a region called the zone of regard. See Figure 1. ERBA systems may detect targets closer than 1,0 m, however, this International Standard does not include performance requirements for this range. NOTE It is proposed that sy
