1、 g49g50g3g38g50g51g60g44g49g42g3g58g44g55g43g50g56g55g3g37g54g44g3g51g40g53g48g44g54g54g44g50g49g3g40g59g38g40g51g55g3g36g54g3g51g40g53g48g44g55g55g40g39g3g37g60g3g38g50g51g60g53g44g42g43g55g3g47g36g58testing of narrow joints welded by laser and electron beam (Vickers and Knoop hardness tests)ICS 25
2、.160.40Destructive tests on welds in metallic materials Hardness BRITISH STANDARDBS ISO 22826:2005BS ISO 22826:2005This British Standard was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 23 January 2006 BSI 23 January 2006ISBN 0 580 47075 XThe British Standards whic
3、h implement international publications referred to in this document may be found in the BSI Catalogue under the section entitled “International Standards Correspondence Index”, or by using the “Search” facility of the BSI Electronic Catalogue or of British Standards Online.This publication does not
4、purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations.Summary of pagesThis document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, the ISO title p
5、age, pages ii to v, a blank page, pages 1 to 16, an inside back cover and a back cover.The BSI copyright notice displayed in this document indicates when the document was last issued.Amendments issued since publicationAmd. No. Date CommentsA list of organizations represented on this committee can be
6、 obtained on request to its secretary.Cross-referencesenquiries on the interpretation, or proposals for change, and keep UK interests informed; monitor related international and European developments and promulgate them in the UK.National forewordThis British Standard reproduces verbatim ISO 22826:2
7、005 and implements it as the UK national standard.The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee WEE/2, Destructive testing of welds, which has the responsibility to: aid enquirers to understand the text; present to the responsible international/European committee any R
8、eference numberISO 22826:2005(E)INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO22826First edition2005-09-01Destructive tests on welds in metallic materials Hardness testing of narrow joints welded by laser and electron beam (Vickers and Knoop hardness tests) Essais destructifs des soudures sur matriaux mtalliques Essais
9、 de duret sur joints troits souds par faisceau dlectrons et faisceau laser (Essais de duret Vickers et Knoop) BS ISO 22826:2005ii iiiContents Page Foreword iv Introduction v 1 Scope . 1 2 Normative references . 1 3 General. 2 4 Symbols and abbreviated terms . 2 5 Preparation of test specimens 3 6 Te
10、st procedure 3 6.1 General. 3 6.2 Type of test 3 6.3 Test location requirements 4 6.4 Individual indentation (type E test). 6 6.5 Rows of indentations (type R test) 8 7 Test results 11 8 Test report . 11 Annex A (informative) Selection of test force . 12 Annex B (informative) Example of a test repor
11、t format for type E hardness test 14 Annex C (informative) Example of a test report format for type R hardness test . 15 Bibliography . 16 BS ISO 22826:2005iv Foreword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies).
12、 The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-
13、governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization. International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part
14、2. The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a
15、 vote. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. ISO 22826 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 44, Welding and allied processes, Subcomm
16、ittee SC 5, Testing and inspection of welds. BS ISO 22826:2005vIntroduction Requests for official interpretation of any aspect of this International Standard should be directed to the Secretariat of ISO/TC 44/SC 5 via your national standards body. A complete listing of these bodies can be found at w
17、ww.iso.org BS ISO 22826:2005blank1Destructive tests on welds in metallic materials Hardness testing of narrow joints welded by laser and electron beam (Vickers and Knoop hardness tests) 1 Scope This International Standard specifies the requirements for hardness testing of transverse sections of narr
18、ow laser and electron beam welded joints in metallic materials. It covers Vickers and Knoop hardness tests in accordance with ISO 6507-1 and ISO 4545, respectively, with test forces of 0,098 N to just under 98 N (HV 0,01 to just under HV 10) for the Vickers hardness test and test forces up to and in
19、cluding 9,8 N (just under HK 1) for the Knoop hardness test. This International Standard is applicable to welds made with or without filler wire. It may not be applicable to the testing of wider hybrid laser/arc welds. International Standards for hardness testing of welds without a narrow profile ar
20、e ISO 9015-1 and ISO 9015-2. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applie
21、s. ISO 4545, Metallic materials Hardness test Knoop test ISO 4546, Metallic materials Hardness test Verification of Knoop hardness testing machines ISO 4547, Metallic materials Hardness test Calibration of standardized blocks to be used for Knoop hardness testing machines ISO 6507-1, Metallic materi
22、als Vickers hardness test Part 1: Test method ISO 6507-2:1), Metallic materials Vickers hardness test Part 2: Verification and calibration of testing machines ISO 6507-3:2), Metallic materials Vickers hardness test Part 3: Calibration of reference blocks ISO 10250, Metallic materials Hardness testin
23、g Tables of Knoop hardness values for use in tests made on flat surfaces ISO/TR 16060, Destructive tests on welds in metallic materials Etchants for macroscopic and microscopic examination 1) To be published. (Revision of ISO 6507-2:1997) 2) To be published. (Revision of ISO 6507-3:1997) BS ISO 2282
24、6:20052 3 General Hardness testing shall be carried out in accordance with ISO 6507-1, ISO 6507-2 and ISO 6507-3 for the Vickers hardness test, and ISO 4545, ISO 4546 and ISO 4547 for the Knoop hardness test. Testing is carried out to determine the range of hardness values in the parent metal (both
25、parent metals for dissimilar-metal joints), the heat-affected zone and the weld metal. This can be achieved by carrying out hardness tests as either individual indentations or groups of indentations (type E test) or as rows of indentations (type R test). Testing should preferably be carried out at a
26、 temperature of (23 5) C. If the test is carried out at a temperature outside this range, it shall be noted in the test report. Microhardness testing results are affected by vibrations, therefore testing shall be carried out in a vibration-free location. 4 Symbols and abbreviated terms For the purpo
27、ses of this International Standard, the abbreviations given in Table 1 apply. Table 1 Symbols and abbreviated terms Symbol Meaning Unit HAZ Heat-affected zone E Individual indentation R Row of indentations HV Vickers hardness a HK Knoop hardness b L Distance between the centre points of the indentat
28、ions mm M Recommended distance between the centre points of the indentations in R mm W Distance between the centre points of the indentations in heat-affected zone and fusion line mm dVDiagonal length of the indentation in a Vickers hardness test mm dKLLong diagonal length of the indentation in a Kn
29、oop hardness test mm dKSShort diagonal length of the indentation in a Knoop hardness test mm h Weld penetration depth mm t Thickness of test specimen mm a See ISO 6507-1. b See ISO 4545 and ISO 10250.BS ISO 22826:200535 Preparation of test specimens Test specimens shall be prepared in accordance wit
30、h ISO 6507-1 or ISO 4545. A cross-section of the test piece shall be taken by mechanical cutting, usually transverse to the welded joint. This operation and the subsequent preparation of the surface shall be carried out without heating to a temperature high enough to cause softening or hardening of
31、the surface. The surface to be tested shall be properly prepared and preferably etched in accordance with ISO/TR 16060, so that accurate measurements of the diagonal length of indentations can be obtained in the different zones of the welded joint. 6 Test procedure 6.1 General Figure 1 shows typical
32、 areas for the location of groups of indentations. Numbers 1 and 2 refer to the weld metal, numbers 3 to 6 refer to the heat-affected zone (HAZ), and numbers 7 and 8 refer to the parent metal. Key 1, 2 weld metal 3, 4, 5, 6 heat-affected zone (HAZ) 7, 8 parent metal aCentre of the weld metal. bFusio
33、n line. Figure 1 Location of group indentations for Vickers and Knoop hardness testing When the type of welded joint is different from those shown in the examples, a test procedure appropriate to the type of joint shall be carried out. 6.2 Type of test Type E or type R tests shall be carried out wit
34、h the indentations located in accordance with Figures 2 and 3 for type E tests and Figures 4 and 5 for type R tests. The type of test shall be at the discretion of the test operator unless otherwise specified. The type of test used shall be recorded. BS ISO 22826:20054 6.3 Test location requirements
35、 When the parent metal thickness, t, or the penetration depth, h, is 4 mm or less, the indentations in the weld metal and HAZ shall be located in a line at the centre of the plate thickness, i.e. at t/2, or at the mid-point of the penetration depth, i.e. at h/2, as shown in Figures 2a) and 2c). When
36、 t or h is greater than 4 mm, the indentations shall be located in a line at a distance within 2 mm of the top surface and back surface (or the bottom part of the penetration) as shown in Figures 2b) and 2d). In the case of double fillet welds with full joint penetration, the indentation shall also
37、be located at the centre part of overlapped fusion zone as shown in Figure 2d). Dimensions in millimetres a) Location of indentations Penetration depth h u 4 mm b) Location of indentations Penetration depth h 4 mm BS ISO 22826:20055c) Location of indentations Penetration depth h or t u 4 mm d) Locat
38、ion of indentations Penetration depth h or t 4 mm Key 1, 2 weld metal 3, 4, 5, 6 heat-affected zone (HAZ) 7, 8 parent metal aCentre of the weld metal. bFusion line. Figure 2 Location of indentations for thin and thick plates Type E test For hardenable ferrous metals, the distance between the centre
39、of any indentation and the edge of the test piece shall be: at least 2,5 times the mean diagonal length of the indentation for Vickers hardness testing; the short diagonal length of the indentation for Knoop hardness testing. BS ISO 22826:20056 For non-hardenable ferrous and nonferrous metals, the d
40、istance between the centre of any indentation and the edge of the test piece shall be: at least 3 times the mean diagonal length of indentation for the Vickers hardness test; the short diagonal length of indentation for Knoop hardness test. The distance, L, between the centres of two adjacent indent
41、ations shall be in accordance with Table 2 for type E tests and Table 4 for type R tests. NOTE It is recommended that the same test force be used for testing the weld metal for the whole test. Table 2 Distance, L, between the centre points of indentations Type E test Test method Parent metal Distanc
42、e between centre points, L Hardenable ferrous metals L W 3dVVickers hardness test (HV) Non-hardenable ferrous and nonferrous metals L W 6dVHardenable ferrous metals L W 3dKLin long diagonal direction L W 3dKSin short diagonal direction Knoop hardness test (HK) Non-hardenable ferrous and nonferrous m
43、etals L W 6dKLin long diagonal direction L W 6dKSin short diagonal direction 6.4 Individual indentation (type E test) 6.4.1 Weld metal hardness test Hardness testing of the weld metal shall be carried out at a minimum of three points: in the centre and the upper and lower areas and/or on the left an
44、d right sides as shown in Figure 3. The mean hardness of all the indentations shall be determined. For larger test forces, using the Vickers hardness test, e.g. 49 N (HV 5) and 98 N (HV 10), the number of indentations can be reduced. The diagonal length of the indentation, dVor dKS, for hardness tes
45、ting of the weld metal shall be 1/10th or less of the width of the weld metal to be measured. The test force and load shall be selected in accordance with Table 3. NOTE The approximate indentation length for each test force and material hardness is included for information in Table A.1 for Vickers h
46、ardness testing and Table A.2 for Knoop hardness testing. 6.4.2 HAZ hardness test Hardness testing shall be carried out at three points in the HAZ along the fusion line as shown in Figures 3a) and 3b). The test force used for the HAZ hardness indentations shall be the same as that used for the measu
47、rement of hardness in the weld metal. In the case of the HAZ hardness test, the distance W between the centre of the indentation and the fusion line shall not be less than 0,5dVor 0,5dKSand shall not exceed the indentation length, dVor 2dKS, as shown in Figures 3a) and 3b). 6.4.3 Parent metal hardne
48、ss test Hardness testing of the parent metal shall be carried out at a minimum of three points in thermally unaffected parent metal. The measurement location shall be recorded in the test report. When testing individual locations, the areas shall be numbered as shown in Figure 1. BS ISO 22826:20057a
49、) Vickers hardness (dV/2 u W u dV) b) Knoop hardness (dKS/2 u W u 2dKS) Key 1 weld metal 3 heat-affected zone (HAZ) 7 parent metal aCentre of the weld metal. bFusion line. Figure 3 Location of indentations in the weld metal and HAZ Type E test BS ISO 22826:20058 Table 3 Hardness loads and test forces Load Vickers hardness test Knoop hardness test Nominal test force N HV 0,01 HK 0,01 0,098 07 HV 0,015 0,147 1 HV 0,02 HK 0,02 0,196 1 HV 0,025 HK 0,025 0,245 2 H
