1、BSI Standards PublicationBS ISO 16063-43:2015Methods for the calibrationof vibration and shocktransducersPart 43: Calibration of accelerometers bymodel-based parameter identificationBS ISO 16063-43:2015 BRITISH STANDARDNational forewordThis British Standard is the UK implementation of ISO 16063-43:2
2、015.The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to TechnicalCommittee GME/21/2, Mechanical vibration, shock and conditionmonitoring - Vibration and shock measuring instruments and testingequipment.A list of organizations represented on this committee can beobtained on request to its secret
3、ary.This publication does not purport to include all the necessaryprovisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correctapplication. The British Standards Institution 2015.Published by BSI Standards Limited 2015ISBN 978 0 580 88027 8ICS 17.160Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer
4、 immunity fromlegal obligations.This British Standard was published under the authority of theStandards Policy and Strategy Committee on 30 November 2015.Amendments/corrigenda issued since publicationDate T e x t a f f e c t e dBS ISO 16063-43:2015 ISO 2015Methods for the calibration of vibration an
5、d shock transducers Part 43: Calibration of accelerometers by model-based parameter identificationMthodes pour ltalonnage des transducteurs de vibrations et de chocs Partie 43: talonnage des acclromtres par identification des paramtres base de modleINTERNATIONAL STANDARDISO16063-43First edition2015-
6、11-15Reference numberISO 16063-43:2015(E)BS ISO 16063-43:2015ISO 16063-43:2015(E)ii ISO 2015 All rights reservedCOPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT ISO 2015, Published in SwitzerlandAll rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any f
7、orm or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting on the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address below or ISOs member body in the country of the requester.ISO copyright officeCh. de Blandonn
8、et 8 CP 401CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva, SwitzerlandTel. +41 22 749 01 11Fax +41 22 749 09 47copyrightiso.orgwww.iso.orgBS ISO 16063-43:2015ISO 16063-43:2015(E)Foreword ivIntroduction vi1 Scope . 12 Normative references 13 Terms and definitions . 24 List of symbols 25 Consideration of typical frequency r
9、esponse and transient excitation 36 General approach 57 Linear mass-spring-damper model 57.1 Model . 57.2 Identification by sinusoidal calibration data 67.2.1 Parameter identification . 67.2.2 Uncertainties of model parameters by analytic propagation .107.3 Identification by shock calibration data i
10、n the frequency domain .107.3.1 Identification of the model parameters 107.3.2 Uncertainties of model parameters by analytical propagation 158 Practical considerations 158.1 The influence of the measurement chain 158.2 Synchronicity of the measurement channels . 158.3 Properties of the source data u
11、sed for the identification168.4 Empirical test of model and parameter validity168.4.1 Sinusoidal calibration data 168.4.2 Shock calibration data 168.5 Statistical test of model validity 178.5.1 General. 178.5.2 Statistical test for sinosoidal data 178.5.3 Statistical test for shock data and the freq
12、uency domain evaluation179 Reporting of results 179.1 Common considerations on the reporting . 179.2 Results and conditions to be reported. 18Bibliography .19 ISO 2015 All rights reserved iiiContents PageBS ISO 16063-43:2015ISO 16063-43:2015(E)ForewordISO (the International Organization for Standard
13、ization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to
14、be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.The procedures used
15、to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular the different approval criteria needed for the different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the editorial rules of
16、the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives).Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of any patent rights identified d
17、uring the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www.iso.org/patents).Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not constitute an endorsement.For an explanation on the m
18、eaning of ISO specific terms and expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISOs adherence to the WTO principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) see the following URL: Foreword - Supplementary informationThe committee responsible for this document is ISO/TC 1
19、08, Mechanical vibration, shock and condition monitoring, Subcommittee SC 3, Use and calibration of vibration and shock measuring instruments.ISO 16063 consists of the following parts, under the general title Methods for the calibration of vibration and shock transducers: Part 1: Basic concepts Part
20、 11: Primary vibration calibration by laser interferometry Part 12: Primary vibration calibration by the reciprocity method Part 13: Primary shock calibration using laser interferometry Part 15: Primary angular vibration calibration by laser interferometry Part 16: Calibration by Earths gravitation
21、Part 21: Vibration calibration by comparison with a reference transducer Part 22: Shock calibration by comparison to a reference transducer Part 31: Testing of transverse vibration sensitivity Part 41: Calibration of laser vibrometers Part 42: Calibration of seismometers with high accuracy using acc
22、eleration of gravity Part 43: Calibration of accelerometers by model-based parameter identificationThe following parts are under preparation: Part 17: Primary calibration by centrifugeiv ISO 2015 All rights reservedBS ISO 16063-43:2015ISO 16063-43:2015(E) Part 32: Resonance testing Testing the frequ
23、ency and the phase response of accelerometers by means of shock excitation Part 33: Testing of magnetic field sensitivity ISO 2015 All rights reserved vBS ISO 16063-43:2015ISO 16063-43:2015(E)IntroductionThe ISO 16063-series describes in several of its parts (ISO 16063-1, ISO 16063-11, ISO 16063-13,
24、 ISO 16063-21 and ISO 16063-22) the devices and procedures to be used for calibration of vibration sensors. The approaches taken can be divided in two classes: one for the use of stationary signals, namely sinusoidal or multi-sinus excitation; and the other for transient signals, namely shock excita
25、tion. While the first provides the lowest uncertainties due to intrinsic and periodic repeatability, the second aims at the high intensity range where periodic excitation is usually not feasible due to power constraints of the calibration systems.The results of the first class are given in terms of
26、a complex transfer sensitivity in the frequency domain and are, therefore, not directly applicable to transient time-domain application.The results of the second class are given as a single value, the peak ratio, in the time domain that neglects (knowingly) the frequency-dependent dynamic response o
27、f the transducer to transient input signals with spectral components in the resonance area of the transducers response. As a consequence of this “peak ratio characterization”, the calibration result might exhibit a strong dependence on the shape of the transient input signal applied for the calibrat
28、ion and, therefore, from the calibration device.This has two serious consequences:a) The calibration with shock excitation in accordance with ISO 16063-13 or ISO 16063-22 is of limited use as far as the dissemination of units is concerned. That is, the shock sensitivities Sshdetermined by calibratio
29、ns on a device in a primary laboratory might not be applicable to the customers device in the secondary calibration lab, simply due to a different signal shape and thus spectral constitution of the secondary devices shock excitation signal.b) A comparison of calibration results from different calibr
30、ation facilities with respect to consistency of the estimated measurement uncertainties, e.g. for validation purposes in an accreditation process, is not feasible if the facilities apply input signals of differing spectral composition.The approach taken in this part of ISO 16063 is a mathematical mo
31、del description of the accelerometer as a dynamic system with mechanical input and electrical output, where the latter is assumed to be proportional to an intrinsic mechanical quantity (e.g. deformation). The estimates of the parameters of that model and the associated uncertainties are then determi
32、ned on the basis of calibration data achieved with established methods (ISO 16063-11, ISO 16063-13, ISO 16063-21 and ISO 16063-22). The complete model with quantified parameters and their respective uncertainties can subsequently be used to either calculate the time-domain response of the sensor to
33、arbitrary transient signals (including time-dependent uncertainties) or as a starting point for a process to estimate the unknown transient input of the sensor from its measured time-dependent output signal (ISO 16063-11 or ISO 16063-13).As a side effect, the method also usually provides an estimate
34、 of a continued frequency-domain transfer sensitivity of the model.In short, this part of ISO 16063 prescribes methods and procedures that enable the user to calibrate vibration transducers for precise measurements of transient input, perform comparison measurements for validation using transient ex
35、citation, predict transient input signals and the time-dependent measurement uncertainty, and compensate the effects of the frequency-dependent response of vibration transducers (in real time) and thus expand the applicable bandwidth of the transducer.vi ISO 2015 All rights reservedBS ISO 16063-43:2
36、015INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 16063-43:2015(E)Methods for the calibration of vibration and shock transducers Part 43: Calibration of accelerometers by model-based parameter identification1 ScopeThis part of ISO 16063 prescribes terms and methods on the estimation of parameters used in mathematical m
37、odels describing the input/output characteristics of vibration transducers, together with the respective parameter uncertainties. The described methods estimate the parameters on the basis of calibration data collected with standard calibration procedures in accordance with ISO 16063-11, ISO 16063-1
38、3, ISO 16063-21 and ISO 16063-22. The specification is provided as an extension of the existing procedures and definitions in those International Standards. The uncertainty estimation described conforms to the methods established by ISO/IEC Guide 98-3 and ISO/IEC Guide 98-3:2008/Supplement 1:2008. T
39、he new characterization described in this document is intended to improve the quality of calibrations and measurement applications with broadband/transient input, like shock. It provides the means of a characterization of the vibration transducers response to a transient input and, therefore, provid
40、es a basis for the accurate measurement of transient vibrational signals with the prediction of an input from an acquired output signal. The calibration data for accelerometers used in the aforementioned field of applications should additionally be evaluated and documented in accordance with the met
41、hods described below, in order to provide measurement capabilities and uncertainties beyond the limits drawn by the single value characterization given by ISO 16063-13 and ISO 16063-22.2 Normative referencesThe following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and
42、 are indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.ISO 2041, Mechanical vibration, shock and condition monitoring VocabularyISO 16063-11, Methods for th
43、e calibration of vibration and shock transducers Part 11: Primary vibration calibration by laser interferometryISO 16063-13, Methods for the calibration of vibration and shock transducers Part 13: Primary shock calibration using laser interferometryISO 16063-21, Methods for the calibration of vibrat
44、ion and shock transducers Part 21: Vibration calibration by comparison to a reference transducerISO 16063-22, Methods for the calibration of vibration and shock transducers Part 22: Shock calibration by comparison to a reference transducerISO/IEC Guide 98-3, Uncertainty of measurement Part 3: Guide
45、to the expression of uncertainty in measurement (GUM:1995)ISO/IEC Guide 98-3:2008/Supplement 1:2008, Uncertainty of measurement Part 3: Guide to the expression of uncertainty in measurement (GUM:1995) Supplement 1: Propagation of distributions using a Monte Carlo method ISO 2015 All rights reserved
46、1BS ISO 16063-43:2015ISO 16063-43:2015(E)3 Terms and definitionsFor the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO 2041 apply.4 List of symbolsThe symbols used in the formulae are listed in order of occurrence in the text.x, x, xdotnospdotnospdotnospOutput quantity of the resp
47、ective sensor and its single and double derivative over time Damping coefficient of the model equation in the time domain0Resonant circular frequency of the model Electro mechanical conversion factoriImaginary unit, i= 1H Complex valued transfer functionS Magnitude of the transfer function Phase of
48、the transfer functionG Reciprocal of the complex valued transfer function Parameter vectorSmMagnitude of the transfer function for a circular frequency, mmPhase of the transfer function for a circular frequency, mR Real part of the complex valued transfer functionJ Imaginary part of the complex valu
49、ed transfer functiony Vector of real and imaginary parts of the measured transfer functionVyCovariance matrix of yD Coefficients matrixVector of parameter estimatesVCovariance matrix of S0Magnitude of the transfer function at low frequenciesATransformation matrix for analytical uncertainty propagationV ,0Covariance matrix of the model parameterss Frequency analogon in the s-domain (s-transform)A Acceleration in the s-domainX Output quantity of the respective sensor in the s-domain2 ISO 20
