1、BSI Standards PublicationBS ISO 15746-1:2015Automation systems andintegration Integration ofadvanced process control andoptimization capabilities formanufacturing systemsPart 1: Framework and functional modelBS ISO 15746-1:2015 BRITISH STANDARDNational forewordThis British Standard is the UK impleme
2、ntation of ISO 15746-1:2015.The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to TechnicalCommittee AMT/5, Industrial architectures and integrationframeworks.A list of organizations represented on this committee can beobtained on request to its secretary.This publication does not purport to incl
3、ude all the necessaryprovisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correctapplication. The British Standards Institution 2015. Published by BSI Standards Limited 2015ISBN 978 0 580 80991 0ICS 25.040.40Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity fromlegal obligations.This Brit
4、ish Standard was published under the authority of theStandards Policy and Strategy Committee on 30 April 2015.Amendments/corrigenda issued since publicationDate T e x t a f f e c t e dBS ISO 15746-1:2015 ISO 2015Automation systems and integration Integration of advanced process control and optimizat
5、ion capabilities for manufacturing systems Part 1: Framework and functional modelSystmes dautomatisation et intgration Intgration de contrles de processus avancs et capacits doptimisation des systmes de fabrication Partie 1: Cadre de travail et modle fonctionnelINTERNATIONAL STANDARDISO15746-1First
6、edition2015-04-01Reference numberISO 15746-1:2015(E)BS ISO 15746-1:2015ISO 15746-1:2015(E)ii ISO 2015 All rights reservedCOPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT ISO 2015All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any mea
7、ns, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting on the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address below or ISOs member body in the country of the requester.ISO copyright officeCase postale 56 CH-1211 Geneva 2
8、0Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11Fax + 41 22 749 09 47E-mail copyrightiso.orgWeb www.iso.orgPublished in SwitzerlandBS ISO 15746-1:2015ISO 15746-1:2015(E)Foreword ivIntroduction v1 Scope . 12 Terms and definitions . 13 Abbreviated terms 34 Concepts and capabilities 34.1 Background concepts 34.2 Capabilities o
9、f the APC-O system 45 Functional architecture of the APC-O system . 46 Capabilities of modules within the APC-O system . 66.1 Soft sensor module 66.2 APC module 66.3 Optimization module . 66.4 Performance assessment module . 67 Structure and lifecycle phases of APC-O modules 77.1 Generic structure o
10、f APC-O modules . 77.2 Life cycle phases of the soft sensor module . 87.3 Life cycle phases of the APC module . 117.4 Life cycle phases of the optimization module .137.5 Life cycle phases of the performance assessment module 15Annex A (informative) Typical example of APC-O system integration .17Anne
11、x B (informative) PLS technique .19Annex C (informative) Predictive control and steady state optimization .20Annex D (informative) PID performance assessment .21Bibliography .22 ISO 2015 All rights reserved iiiContents PageBS ISO 15746-1:2015ISO 15746-1:2015(E)ForewordISO (the International Organiza
12、tion for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established
13、has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.The
14、 procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular the different approval criteria needed for the different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the ed
15、itorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives).Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of any patent ri
16、ghts identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www.iso.org/patents).Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not constitute an endorsement.For an exp
17、lanation on the meaning of ISO specific terms and expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISOs adherence to the WTO principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) see the following URL: Foreword - Supplementary informationThe committee responsible for this doc
18、ument is Technical Committee ISO/TC 184, Automation systems and integration, Subcommittee SC 5, Interoperability, integration and architectures of automation systems and applications.ISO 15746 consists of the following parts, under the general title Automation systems and integration Integration of
19、advanced process control and optimization capabilities for manufacturing systems: Part 1: Framework and functional modelThe following parts are planned: Part 2: Activity models and information exchange Part 3: Validation and verificationiv ISO 2015 All rights reservedBS ISO 15746-1:2015ISO 15746-1:2
20、015(E)IntroductionAs a crucial part of manufacturing systems with increased complexity, the automation and control applications enabled by advanced process control and optimization (APC-O) methodology and solutions perform the operations directed by production planning and scheduling. ISO 15746 deal
21、s with the integration of APC-O with manufacturing operations management (MOM) and with automation and control of manufacturing process and equipment.The following IEC 62264 functionalities related to manufacturing are hierarchically structured in a functional model, as shown in Figure 1.a) Level 0
22、defines the actual physical processes.b) Level 1 defines the activities involved in sensing and manipulating the physical processes. Level 1 typically operates on time frames of seconds and faster.c) Level 2 defines the activities of monitoring and controlling the physical processes. Level 2 typical
23、ly operates on time frames of hours, minutes, seconds and sub-seconds.d) Level 3 defines the activities of the work flow to produce the desired end products. It includes the activities of maintaining records and coordinating the processes. Level 3 typically operates on time frames of days, shifts, h
24、ours, minutes and seconds.e) Level 4 defines the business-related activities needed to manage a manufacturing organization. Manufacturing-related activities include establishing the basic plant schedule (such as material use, delivery and shipping), determining inventory levels and making sure that
25、materials are delivered on time to the right place for production. Level 3 information is critical to Level 4 activities. Level 4 typically operates on time frames of months, weeks and days.Figure 1 Functional hierarchyISO 15746 mainly focuses on the integration of APC-O capabilities into control ac
26、tivities (Level 2) and MOM (Level 3), in Figure 1. ISO 2015 All rights reserved vBS ISO 15746-1:2015ISO 15746-1:2015(E)The APC-O system within Level 2 interacts with the MOM system of Level 3. It shall provide the information of the production processes to the MOM system, and in return accepts and e
27、xecutes the corresponding operational commands from the MOM system. The APC-O system within Level 3 samples measurement signals and monitors behaviour, and in return controls the operational systems within Level 2.Automation solutions composed of software and hardware are provided by different suppl
28、iers to accomplish APC-O capabilities. Due to the diversity of development environments and the variety of demand focus, the automation solutions from various suppliers are isolated and relatively independent. These differences make the integration of automation solutions difficult. Consequently, th
29、e customers may purchase different automation solution components with redundant and duplicated functions, resulting in a waste of resources and limited interoperability. This part of ISO 15746 offers a reference interoperability framework for APC-O. It is intended to maximize the integration and in
30、teroperability of automation solutions.This part of ISO 15746 is intended to help: identify an approach to assist the providers and system integrators of APC-O systems and related automation solutions components in verifying the interoperability of the components used to construct the automation sol
31、utions to meet application lifecycle requirements during designing, developing, implementing, testing, validating, installing and maintaining the automation solutions; identify the criteria to help users in choosing the appropriate automation solutions, such as APC-O modules, to meet their requireme
32、nts; outline the concepts and conceptual framework elements that will be sufficient to address the identified problems and opportunities; reduce the time and cost in defining and describing the application requirements, as well as, in developing and implementing automation solutions based on APC-O s
33、ystems.The target users of this part of ISO 15746 include users and providers of the APC-O solutions, such as project solution suppliers, automation systems integrators, production departments of companies, process engineers, independent software testing organizations, implementation and consulting
34、service organizations of APC-O software, and relevant governments and academic organizations.vi ISO 2015 All rights reservedBS ISO 15746-1:2015Automation systems and integration Integration of advanced process control and optimization capabilities for manufacturing systems Part 1: Framework and func
35、tional model1 ScopeThis part of ISO 15746 establishes a framework and general functionality of a method for integration of advanced process control and optimization (APC-O) capabilities for manufacturing systems. The goal is to reduce the cost and risk associated with developing and implementing int
36、egrated APC-O capabilities.The scope of this part of ISO 15746 is limited to specifying the set of concepts, terms, definitions and the associated rules for describing the required functional capabilities of APC-O units.The following are outside the scope of this part of ISO 15746: definition and sp
37、ecification of an interface or communication protocol between APC-O capabilities; requirement and restriction of a specific technical specification when developing and implementing APC-O systems; strategy and method of a certain APC-O system.2 Terms and definitions2.1advanced process controlAPCcontr
38、ol strategy to cope with processes characterized by large time delays (2.18), non-minimum phase, non-linearity, loop instability and multi-variable couplingNote 1 to entry: APC enhances basic process control by addressing particular performance or economic opportunities in the process.EXAMPLE MPC, A
39、daptive control, Inferential control.2.2advanced process control and optimizationAPC-Ocollection of advanced process control (2.1) and optimization (2.13) strategies2.3controllerfunctional unit consisting of electronic devices or realized by computers (or digital systems), which is used to execute t
40、he specified control strategies2.4data driven modelmodel (2.11) developed through the use of data derived from tests or from the output of investigated processINTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 15746-1:2015(E) ISO 2015 All rights reserved 1BS ISO 15746-1:2015ISO 15746-1:2015(E)2.5expert controlcontrol strat
41、egy based on rule set and reasoning process, which adopts the knowledge and ideas to the problem for control implementation2.6first principle modelmodel (2.11) reflecting physical and chemical laws, such as mass balance and energy balance2.7performance indicatorscategory of quantized and pre-authori
42、zed benchmarks that reflect the realization of the goals2.8physical sensorphysical equipment or converter that measures a physical quantity and converts it into a signal which can be read by an observer or by an instrumentNote 1 to entry: These days, instruments are mostly electronic.EXAMPLE Flowmet
43、er; pressure transmitter.2.9manipulated variableinput variable of the control system, which is used to manipulate the controlled variable2.10model predictive controlpredictive controlcomprehensive closed loop optimized control strategy which combines a dynamic model (2.11) for predicting future beha
44、viour of the process, a continuous implementation of the control action based on on-line repeated optimization (2.13) and a feedback correction for the model errorEXAMPLE Model Algorithmic Control (MAC); Dynamic Matrix Control (DMC); Generalized Predictive Control (GPC).2.11modelabstract description
45、 of reality in any form (including mathematical, physical, symbolic, graphical or descriptive) that presents a certain aspect of that realitySOURCE: ISO 19439:2006, 3.472.12manufacturing operations managementMOMactivities within Level 3 of a manufacturing facility that coordinate the personnel, equi
46、pment and material in manufacturingSOURCE: IEC 62264-3:2007, 3.1.11, modified Notes have been deleted; abbreviated term has been added.2.13optimizationdecision-making strategy to meet the business objective under a weighted set of conditions and concerns2.14soft sensorvirtual device using mathematic
47、al model (2.11) of sensing function to estimate process parameters using other known variables as inputs2 ISO 2015 All rights reservedBS ISO 15746-1:2015ISO 15746-1:2015(E)2.15statistical process controlstrategy which uses statistical methods to monitor and control the manufacturing process in order
48、 to improve and maintain the system performance2.16steady stateequilibrium state at which the output variables are time-invariant2.17system identificationmethod, based on the observation of inputs and outputs, used to generate a model (2.11) of the system from a set of models by suitably adjusting m
49、odel parametersNote 1 to entry: The key factors of system identification include model structure, observed information and objective function.2.18time delaytime period that starts from when there is variation of the input variable until it influences the system output variableNote 1 to entry: Time delay is also referred to as deadtime.3 Abbreviated termsAPC advanced process controlAPC-O advanced process control and optimizationKPI key performance indicatorMOM manufacturing operations managementOPM object process methodolo
