1、 g49g50g3g38g50g51g60g44g49g42g3g58g44g55g43g50g56g55g3g37g54g44g3g51g40g53g48g44g54g54g44g50g49g3g40g59g38g40g51g55g3g36g54g3g51g40g53g48g44g55g55g40g39g3g37g60g3g38g50g51g60g53g44g42g43g55g3g47g36g58ICS 43.060.40Liquid hydrogen Land vehicle fuel tanksBRITISH STANDARDBS ISO 13985:2006BS ISO 13985:2
2、006This British Standard was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 31 July 2007 BSI 2007ISBN 978 0 580 58836 5Amendments issued since publicationAmd. No. Date CommentsCompliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity from legal obligations.National f
3、orewordThis British Standard is the UK implementation of ISO 13985:2006.The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee PVE/3, Gas containers.A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary.This publication does not purpo
4、rt to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application.Reference numberISO 13985:2006(E)INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO13985First edition2006-11-01Liquid hydrogen Land vehicle fuel tanks Hydrogne liquide Rservoirs de carburant pour vhicules terrestresB
5、S ISO 13985:2006ii iiiContents Page Foreword iv Introduction v 1 Scope . 1 2 Normative references . 1 3 Terms and definitions. 2 4 Requirements 3 4.1 General requirements. 3 4.2 Mechanical stresses. 3 4.3 Thermal stresses 4 4.4 Materials 5 4.5 Design 5 4.6 Insulation . 5 4.7 Accessories. 6 4.8 Manuf
6、acturing and assembly 7 5 Type tests 7 5.1 Approval of new designs . 7 5.2 Inner tank burst pressure test . 8 5.3 Thermal autonomy test 8 5.4 Maximum filling level test 8 5.5 Accessory type tests 8 6 Routine tests and inspection. 8 6.1 General. 8 6.2 Pressure test . 8 6.3 Leak test 9 6.4 Verificatio
7、n of the dimensions 9 6.5 Destructive and non-destructive tests of welded joints. 9 6.6 Visual inspection 9 7 Marking and labelling . 9 7.1 Marking method 9 7.2 Inner tank markings 9 7.3 Outer jacket markings 10 7.4 Temporary markings for first filling 10 Annex A (normative) Fuel tank operating rang
8、es. 11 Annex B (informative) Hydrogen compatibility . 12 Annex C (normative) Fuel tank type tests . 13 Annex D (normative) Accessory type tests. 15 BS ISO 13985:2006iv Foreword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member
9、 bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental
10、 and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization. International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directiv
11、es, Part 2. The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies
12、casting a vote. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. ISO 13985 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 197, Hydrogen technologies. BS I
13、SO 13985:2006vIntroduction The fuel tanks described in this International Standard are intended to be used in conjunction with the fuelling system interface described in ISO 13984. BS ISO 13985:2006blank1Liquid hydrogen Land vehicle fuel tanks 1 Scope This International Standard specifies the constr
14、uction requirements for refillable fuel tanks for liquid hydrogen used in land vehicles as well as the testing methods required to ensure that a reasonable level of protection from loss of life and property resulting from fire and explosion is provided. This International Standard is applicable to f
15、uel tanks intended to be permanently attached to land vehicles. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced documen
16、t (including any amendments) applies. ISO 188:1998, Rubber, vulcanized or thermoplastic Accelerated ageing and heat resistance tests ISO 1431-1, Rubber, vulcanized or thermoplastic Resistance to ozone cracking Part 1: Static and dynamic strain testing ISO 2768-1, General tolerances Part 1: Tolerance
17、s for linear and angular dimensions without individual tolerance indications ISO 6957, Copper alloys Ammonia test for stress corrosion resistance ISO 9227, Corrosion tests in artificial atmospheres Salt spray tests ISO 13984, Liquid hydrogen Land vehicle fuelling system interface ISO 21010, Cryogeni
18、c vessels Gas/materials compatibility ISO 21013-3, Cryogenic vessels Pressure-relief accessories for cryogenic service Part 3: Sizing and capacity determination ISO 21014,Cryogenic vessels Cryogenic insulation performance ISO 21028-1, Cryogenic vessels Toughness requirements for materials at cryogen
19、ic temperature Part 1: Temperatures below 80 C ISO 21029-1:2004, Cryogenic vessels Transportable vacuum insulated vessels of not more than 1 000 litres volume Part 1: Design, fabrication, inspection and tests ISO 23208, Cryogenic vessels Cleanliness for cryogenic service BS ISO 13985:20062 3 Terms a
20、nd definitions For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply. 3.1 accessory device fixed directly to the inner tank or outer jacket of a fuel tank such as a pressure relief valve, shut-off valve, non-return valve or level gauge 3.2 boil-off management system system tha
21、t controls the boil off of gas under normal conditions 3.3 burst pressure pressure that causes the rupture of a pressure vessel subjected to a constant increase of pressure during a destructive test 3.4 design temperature temperature of the inner tank, the outer jacket and all other accessories to w
22、hich fabrication drawings, inspections and physical measurements such as volume are referred 3.5 fuel tank vessel used for the storage of cryogenic hydrogen 3.6 hydrogen conversion system system designed for the consumption of hydrogen for energy transformation 3.7 impermissible fault range pressure
23、 range within which an unwanted event is to be expected (see Annex A) 3.8 inner tank part of the fuel tank that contains liquid hydrogen 3.9 level gauge device that measures the level of liquid hydrogen in the fuel tank 3.10 maximum allowable working pressure MAWP maximum pressure to which a compone
24、nt is designed to be subjected to and which is the basis for determining the strength of the component under consideration 3.11 normal operating range range planned for the process values (see Annex A) NOTE In the case of inner tanks, the normal operating range of the inner tank pressure is from 0 M
25、Pa to the set pressure of the primary pressure relief valve, which is lower than or equal to the MAWP of the inner tank. 3.12 outer jacket part of the fuel tank that encases the inner tank(s) and its insulation system BS ISO 13985:200633.13 outer pressure pressure acting on the outside of the inner
26、tank or outer jacket 3.14 permissible fault range range between the normal operating range and the impermissible fault range (see Annex A) 3.15 pressure gauge pressure against atmospheric pressure, unless otherwise stated 3.16 thermal autonomy time of the pressure increase in the inner tank measured
27、 from a starting pressure of 0 MPa at the corresponding boiling point of hydrogen (253 C) up to MAWP of the inner tank NOTE The thermal autonomy is a measure of the quality of the insulation of the fuel tank. 4 Requirements 4.1 General requirements The fuel tank and its accessories shall function in
28、 a correct and safe way. It shall withstand and remain gas tight when subjected to the mechanical, thermal and chemical stresses specified in this International Standard. 4.2 Mechanical stresses 4.2.1 Inner/outer pressure 4.2.1.1 Inner tank The inner tank shall be designed to resist the following in
29、ner test pressure: ptest= 1,3 (MAWP + 0,2) where ptest is the test pressure, expressed in megapascals (MPa); MAWP is the maximum allowable working pressure of the inner tank, expressed in megapascals (MPa). The inner tank and its accessories shall be designed to resist an outer pressure of 0,2 MPa.
30、4.2.1.2 Outer jacket The outer jacket shall be designed to resist an outer pressure of 0,2 MPa. 4.2.2 Accelerations 4.2.2.1 General The fuel tank and its accessories shall be mounted and protected so that the accelerations shown in Table 1 can be absorbed without structural damage to the fuel tank a
31、nd its accessories. No uncontrolled release of hydrogen is permitted. BS ISO 13985:20064 Table 1 Accelerations Vehicle categories Accelerations Vehicles of categories M1and N120 g in the direction of travel 8 g horizontally perpendicular to the direction of travel Vehicles of categories M2and N210 g
32、 in the direction of travel 5 g horizontally perpendicular to the direction of travel Vehicles of categories M3and N36,6 g in the direction of travel 10 g horizontally perpendicular to the direction of travel The vehicle categories include the following: Category M1: Vehicles used for the transporta
33、tion of passengers and comprising not more than eight seats in addition to the drivers seat. Category M2: Vehicles used for the transportation of passengers, comprising more than eight seats in addition to the drivers seat, and having a maximum mass that does not exceed 5 000 kg. Category M3: Vehicl
34、es used for the transportation of passengers, comprising more than eight seats in addition to the drivers seat, and having a maximum mass exceeding 5 000 kg. Category N1: Vehicles used for the transportation of goods and having a maximum mass that does not exceed 3 500 kg. Category N2: Vehicles used
35、 for the transportation of goods and having a maximum mass exceeding 3 500 kg, but not exceeding 12 000 kg. Category N3: Vehicles used for the transportation of goods and having a maximum mass exceeding 12 000 kg. 4.2.2.2 Inner and outer support When exposed to the accelerations described in Table 1
36、, the stress in the support elements shall not exceed 50 % of the minimum ultimate tensile strength of the material (Rm, calculated according with the linear stress model). The allowable stress in the support elements may not have to be calculated if it can be demonstrated that the fuel tank support
37、s the accelerations given in Table 1 without any structural damage to the inner tank or its supports. 4.3 Thermal stresses 4.3.1 Design temperature The design temperature of the inner tank, the outer jacket and the accessories shall be 20 C. In addition, the inner tank, the outer jacket and the acce
38、ssories shall be designed to withstand a temperature range from the lowest to the highest possible operating temperatures that will be encountered in service. 4.3.2 Ambient temperature The fuel tank shall be designed to withstand ambient temperatures ranging from 40 C to 85 C. If the fuel tank is to
39、 be installed in areas of internal heat sources such as the internal combustion engine compartment of a vehicle, the fuel tank shall be designed for an ambient temperature of 120 C, or a lower value if substantiated by calculations. 4.3.3 Operating temperature The thermal stresses produced by the op
40、erating conditions shall be considered. The inner vessel and the other components that may be in contact with liquid hydrogen shall be designed to operate at 253 C. BS ISO 13985:200654.4 Materials The materials of the fuel tank and its accessories shall be compatible, as applicable, with: a) hydroge
41、n; b) other media and fluids found in a land vehicle environment, such as coolants and battery acid. NOTE Recommendations for lowering the susceptibility to hydrogen embrittlement are given in Annex B. Materials used at low temperatures shall meet the toughness requirements of ISO 21028-1. For non-m
42、etallic materials, low temperature suitability shall be validated by an experimental method, taking into account the service conditions. The materials used for the outer jacket shall ensure the integrity of the insulation system, and their elongation at fracture, at the temperature of liquid nitroge
43、n, shall be at least 12 %. A corrosion allowance does not need to be added for the inner tank. A corrosion allowance does not need to be added on other surfaces, if they are protected against corrosion. For welded vessels, welds shall have properties equivalent to those specified for the parent mate
44、rial for all temperatures that the material may encounter. 4.5 Design 4.5.1 Design validation The design of the fuel tank shall be validated in accordance with the design options specified in 10.1 of ISO 21029-1:2004. 4.5.2 Inner tank and outer jacket Unless the design is validated as per option 10.
45、1.3 of ISO 21029-1:2004, the design of the inner tank and the outer jacket shall meet all the design rules specified in 10.3 of ISO 21029-1:2004. If the design is validated as per option 10.1.3 of ISO 21029-1:2004, the exceptions specified in 10.1.3 of ISO 21029-1:2004 shall apply. Unless indicated
46、otherwise, the general tolerances of ISO 2768-1 shall apply. 4.6 Insulation 4.6.1 General requirements The insulation system installed on a fuel tank shall meet the requirements of ISO 21014. Except in the vicinity of the pressure relief valves, no ice shall form on the outer wall of the fuel tank u
47、nder normal operating conditions. When exposed to fire as per 5.3, the thermal autonomy of the fuel tank, equipped with vacuum insulation and fire protection measures (if present), shall be at least 5 min. The insulation of the accessories shall prevent liquefaction of the air in contact with the ou
48、ter surfaces, unless a system is to be provided for collecting and vaporizing the liquefied air. If such a system is to be used, the materials of accessories shall be compatible with an atmosphere enriched with oxygen according to ISO 21010. BS ISO 13985:20066 4.6.2 Getters/absorbents Getters/absorb
49、ents reacting with hydrogen outgas and/or moisture and atmospheric gas contaminants may be used for vacuum maintenance and assisting the insulation performance. 4.7 Accessories 4.7.1 General requirements Accessories shall have a minimum working pressure equal to the MAWP of the inner tank. No casting shall be used for any of the accessories. 4.7.2 Pressure relief valves for the inner tank The inner tank shall be protected with a primary pressure relief valve that limits the pressure i
