1、raising standards worldwideNO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAWBSI Standards PublicationBS ISO 13125:2013Fine ceramics (advancedceramics, advanced technicalceramics) Test methodfor antifungal activity ofsemiconducting photocatalyticmaterialsBS ISO 13125:2013 BRITISH
2、 STANDARDNational forewordThis British Standard is the UK implementation of ISO 13125:2013. The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to TechnicalCommittee RPI/13, Advanced technical ceramics.A list of organizations represented on this committee can beobtained on request to its secretary
3、.This publication does not purport to include all the necessaryprovisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correctapplication. The British Standards Institution 2013. Published by BSI StandardsLimited 2013 ISBN 978 0 580 66977 4 ICS 81.060.30 Compliance with a British Standard cannot con
4、fer immunity fromlegal obligations.This British Standard was published under the authority of theStandards Policy and Strategy Committee on 30 April 2013. Amendments issued since publicationDate T e x t a f f e c t e dBS ISO 13125:2013 ISO 2013Fine ceramics (advanced ceramics, advanced technical cer
5、amics) Test method for antifungal activity of semiconducting photocatalytic materialsCramiques techniques Mthode dessai pour lactivit antifongique des matriaux photocatalytiques semiconducteursINTERNATIONAL STANDARDISO13125First edition2013-03-15Reference numberISO 13125:2013(E)BS ISO 13125:2013ISO
6、13125:2013(E)ii ISO 2013 All rights reservedCOPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT ISO 2013All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting on the inter
7、net or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address below or ISOs member body in the country of the requester.ISO copyright officeCase postale 56 CH-1211 Geneva 20Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11Fax + 41 22 749 09 47E-mail copyrightiso.orgWeb www.is
8、o.orgPublished in SwitzerlandBS ISO 13125:2013ISO 13125:2013(E) ISO 2013 All rights reserved iiiContents PageForeword ivIntroduction v1 Scope . 12 Normative references 13 Terms and definitions . 14 Symbols 25 Principle 26 Materials . 36.1 Test fungi 36.2 Chemicals and implements 37 Apparatus . 47.1
9、General . 47.2 Irradiating equipment 47.3 Black light blue lamp (BLB lamp) . 47.4 Ultraviolet light radiometer . 47.5 Adhesive film 47.6 Glass pane 47.7 Test vessel . 48 Test piece 58.1 Preparation of test pieces 58.2 Use of test pieces . 58.3 Cleaning of test pieces 59 Procedure. 59.1 Test temperat
10、ure . 59.2 Photoirradiation 59.3 Preparation of fungal spore suspension . 59.4 Estimation of the number of surviving spore . 69.5 UV Irradiation test . 610 Calculation 810.1 Surviving spore concentration of recovery solution 810.2 Number of surviving spores 810.3 Validity of the test . 810.4 Antifun
11、gal activity value in irradiation condition L 910.5 Antifungal activity value with UV irradiation by removing the effect in the dark 911 Test report . 9Bibliography .11BS ISO 13125:2013ISO 13125:2013(E)ForewordISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of nati
12、onal standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. Internat
13、ional organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rul
14、es given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at l
15、east 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote.Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.ISO 13125 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 206
16、, Fine ceramics.iv ISO 2013 All rights reservedBS ISO 13125:2013ISO 13125:2013(E)IntroductionUnder the illumination of ultraviolet (UV) light, photocatalysts show diverse functions, such as the decomposition of air and water contaminants, as well as deodorization, self-cleaning, antifogging, antibac
17、terial and antifungal actions. These functions of photocatalysts are generally based on the action of active oxygen species such as hydroxyl (OH) radicals formed on the surface of photocatalysts. The energy- and labour-saving nature of photocatalysis has attracted keen interest when the photocatalys
18、t is activated by sunlight (or artificial lighting).Practical applications of photocatalysts for both indoor and outdoor use have rapidly expanded in recent years. Many kinds of photocatalytic materials have been proposed or are already commercialized, based on ceramics, glass, concrete, plastics, p
19、aper, etc. Such materials have been proposed by either coating or mixing of a photocatalyst; in most cases, titanium dioxide (TiO2).However, the effect of photocatalysis is not easily inspected visually, and no appropriate and standardized evaluation methods have been available to date. Some confusi
20、on has thus arisen as photocatalytic materials have been introduced. Furthermore, the above-mentioned diverse functions of photocatalysts cannot be evaluated with a single method: thus it is required to provide different evaluation methods for air purification, water decontamination, and self-cleani
21、ng.This International Standard applies to testing the antifungal activity of photocatalytic ceramics and other materials. ISO 2013 All rights reserved vBS ISO 13125:2013BS ISO 13125:2013Fine ceramics (advanced ceramics, advanced technical ceramics) Test method for antifungal activity of semiconducti
22、ng photocatalytic materialsWARNING Handling and manipulation of microorganisms that are potentially hazardous requires a high degree of technical competence. Only personnel trained in microbiological techniques should carry out the test.1 ScopeThis International Standard specifies a test method cove
23、ring the determination of the antifungal activity of materials that contain a photocatalyst or have photocatalytic films on their surface, by counting the number of pre-incubated fungal spores that survive exposure to ultraviolet (UV-A) light.This International Standard provides for the assessment o
24、f different kinds on materials used in various applications, such as construction materials in flat coating, sheet, board or plate form, etc. Powder, granular, fibrous or porous photocatalytic materials are not included.Values expressed in this International Standard are in accordance with the Inter
25、national System of Units (SI).2 Normative referencesThe following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applie
26、s.ISO 27447, Fine ceramics (advanced ceramics, advanced technical ceramics) Test method for antibacterial activity of semiconducting photocatalytic materialsISO 4892-3, Plastics Methods of exposure to laboratory light sources Part 3: Fluorescent UV lampsIEC 60068-2-10, Environmental testing Part 2-1
27、0: Test J and guidance: Mould growth3 Terms and definitionsFor the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.3.1photocatalystsubstance that carries out many functions based on oxidization and reduction reactions under UV irradiation, including decomposition and removal of
28、air and water contaminants, deodorization, antibacterial, antifungal, self-cleaning and antifogging3.2photoirradiationirradiation to ultraviolet (UV-A) light at wavelength 300 nm to 400 nm3.3photocatalytic materialssurface or material to which a photocatalyst has been applied with the intention of m
29、aking it photocatalytically active; photocatalytic treated materials, samples and pieces are includedINTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 13125:2013(E) ISO 2013 All rights reserved 1BS ISO 13125:2013ISO 13125:2013(E)3.4antifungal activityinhibition of germination or inactivation of fungal spores3.5antifungal
30、activity value in irradiation condition Lcommon logarithm of the ratio of the number of surviving fungal spores on a photocatalytic non-treated piece after UV irradiation condition L for a given period of time to the number of surviving spores on a treated piece after the same UV irradiation conditi
31、on for the same period3.6antifungal activity value with UV irradiation by removing the effect in the darkdifference value between antifungal activity value in irradiation condition L and common logarithm of the ratio of the number of surviving fungal spores on a photocatalytic non-treated piece in t
32、he dark to the number of surviving spores on a treated piece stored in the dark for the same period of time4 SymbolsS concentration of fungal sporesK average of colony numbersD dilution factorF number of surviving sporesV volume of recovery solutionL ultraviolet exposureA average of colony numbers o
33、f photocatalytic non-treated pieces following inoculationBLaverage of surviving spore numbers of photocatalytic non-treated pieces at exposure L after several hoursCLaverage of surviving spore numbers of photocatalytic non-treated pieces at exposure L after several hoursRLantifungal activity value i
34、n irradiation condition LCDaverage of surviving spore numbers of photocatalytic treated test pieces in the dark after sev-eral hoursBDaverage of surviving spore numbers of photocatalytic non-treated test pieces in the dark after several hoursR antifungal activity value with UV irradiation by removin
35、g the effect in the darkNOTE The term “several hours” means the period of time between 3 h (minimum) and 24 h (maximum).5 PrincipleThis International Standard is for development, comparison, quality assurance, characterization, reliability, and design data generation of photocatalytic materials.1Pho
36、tocatalyst is capable of decomposition of organic substances, including living cells such as fungal spores. A suspension of fungal spores on photocatalytic treated test piece is inactivated under photoirradiation. After the irradiation, fungal spores are recovered and cultivated on agar medium, and
37、formed spore colonies are counted. 2 ISO 2013 All rights reservedBS ISO 13125:2013ISO 13125:2013(E)Antifungal activity of the photocatalytic reaction is estimated as the decrease in surviving spore number on a test sample compared to a blank test of non-coated surface.NOTE This International Standar
38、d is adapted from the common methodological concept for ISO 27447. Namely, same apparatus and test piece size, similar procedure and calculation are adapted between this International Standard and ISO 27447. Therefore, ISO 27447 is recommended to be used as a reference during the actual test of this
39、 International Standard.6 Materials6.1 Test fungia) Aspergillus nigerb) Penicillium pinophilumThe test fungi shall be obtained from national or international culture collections. The strains to be used are listed in Table 1. These strains are sorted by References2,3and IEC 60068-2-10.Table 1 Fungal
40、strains to be used in testFungal species and strains WDCM codeAspergillus niger WDCM 00144http:/refs.wdcm.org/getinfo.htm?sid=WDCM_00144Penicillium pinophilum WDCM 00194http:/refs.wdcm.org/getinfo.htm?sid=WDCM_00194NOTE Refer to WDCM and its website: http:/refs.wdcm.org/search.htm . (Note that WDCM
41、stands for World Data Centre for Microorganisms.)6.2 Chemicals and implements6.2.1 Potato-Dextrose-Agar (PDA) MediumAgar slants or agar plates used for the test shall be PDA medium with the following composition:PDA mediumpotato infusion 200 gglucose 20 gagar 20 gpurified water 1000 mlPDA medium sha
42、ll be sterilized at 121 C 1 C for 15 min - 20 min in an autoclave with an atmosphere saturated with steam (autoclaving).NOTE PDA medium is able to use available preparation, for example Difco (Becton, Dickinson and company, USA), MERCK (Merck KGaA, Germany), etc.6.2.2 Purified waterThe water used fo
43、r the preparation of all solutions and culture medium shall be distilled or deionized water.NOTE Germination and growth of fungal spores might be inhibited by contained material (e.g. metal ions) of tap water. ISO 2013 All rights reserved 3BS ISO 13125:2013ISO 13125:2013(E)6.2.3 Sterilized waterSter
44、ilized water is prepared from purified water by the autoclaving.6.2.4 Solutions for suspension, recovery, and dilution of sporesFor suspension, recovery, and dilution of spores, a solution of 0,005 % (mass %) dioctyl sodium sulfosuccinate and 0,9 % (mass %) sodium chloride in purified water shall be
45、 used. Solutions shall be sterilized by the autoclaving.7 Apparatus7.1 GeneralThe following apparatus is required.7.2 Irradiating equipmentThe testing equipment enables a photocatalytic material to be examined for its antifungal activity by providing UV irradiation to active the photocatalyst. It co
46、nsists of UV light source and the vessel with a test piece as described in ISO 27447. For example, the irradiating equipment with two black light fluorescent lamps (straight tube, 20 W BLB type, 580 mm in length) mounted in parallel with 200 mm between centres. A stand to support samples and a mecha
47、nism enabling the distance between sample and light source to be varied over 180 mm at the minimum (ca. 1,0 mW/cm2at the maximum) shall also be provided.7.3 Black light blue lamp (BLB lamp)Use a black light fluorescent lamp. The black light fluorescent lamp shall be one which has a peak wavelength o
48、f 351 nm, and emit light with a half bandwidth of 40 nm (a fluorescent lamp which uses BaSi2O5:Pb as the phosphor and, a visible light absorbing glass tube) as described in ISO 4892-3.7.4 Ultraviolet light radiometerA radiometer with a detector whose sensitivity peak is at 351 nm and provide limit,
49、e.g. 10 nm shall be used. The radiometer shall be calibrated for the light source to be used or corrected to ascertain sensitivity within the wavelength range to be absorbed by the photocatalytic test piece with suitable approach.7.5 Adhesive filmAdhesive film shall be inert, non-water absorbent, good oxygen permeability and shall have a good sealing property with over 85 % transparency between 340 nm and 380 nm. A sheet shall be cut at 40 mm 2 mm square. The film shall be sterilized with wiping cotton transfused 80 %
