1、 g49g50g3g38g50g51g60g44g49g42g3g58g44g55g43g50g56g55g3g37g54g44g3g51g40g53g48g44g54g54g44g50g49g3g40g59g38g40g51g55g3g36g54g3g51g40g53g48g44g55g55g40g39g3g37g60g3g38g50g51g60g53g44g42g43g55g3g47g36g58from antifouling paints Part 3: Calculation of the zinc ethylene-bis(dithiocarbamate) (zineb) relea
2、se rate by determination of the concentration of ethylenethiourea in the extractThe European Standard EN ISO 15181-3:2007 has the status of a British StandardICS 87.040Paints and varnishes Determination of release rate of biocides BRITISH STANDARDBS EN ISO 15181-3:2007 BS 3900-K3:2007BS EN ISO 15181
3、-3:2007This British Standard was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 28 September 2007 BSI 2007ISBN 978 0 580 54284 8Amendments issued since publicationAmd. No. Date CommentsCompliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity from legal obligations.N
4、ational forewordThis British Standard is the UK implementation of EN ISO 15181-3:2007.The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee STI/10, Test methods for paints.A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary.This pu
5、blication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application.EUROPEAN STANDARDNORME EUROPENNEEUROPISCHE NORMEN ISO 15181-3June 2007ICS 87.040English VersionPaints and varnishes - Determination of release rate of biocidesfrom anti
6、fouling paints - Part 3: Calculation of the zinc ethylene-bis(dithiocarbamate) (zineb) release rate by determination of theconcentration of ethylenethiourea in the extract (ISO 15181-3:2007)Peintures et vernis - Dtermination du taux de lixiviationdes biocides contenus dans les peintures antisalissur
7、es -Partie 3: Calcul du taux de lixiviation de lthylne-bis(dithiocarbamate) de zinc (zinbe) par dtermination de laconcentration dthylnethioure dans lextrait (ISO 15181-3:2007)Beschichtungsstoffe - Bestimmung der Auswaschrate vonBioziden aus Antifouling-Beschichtungen - Teil 3:Berechnung der Auswasch
8、rate von Zink-Ethylenbis(dithiocarbamat) (Zineb) durch Bestimmung derKonzentration von Ethylenethioharnstoff im Extrakt (ISO15181-3:2007)This European Standard was approved by CEN on 16 May 2007.CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions
9、for giving this EuropeanStandard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such nationalstandards may be obtained on application to the CEN Management Centre or to any CEN member.This European Standard exists in three officia
10、l versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translationunder the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN Management Centre has the same status as theofficial versions.CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belg
11、ium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland,France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal,Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR ST
12、ANDARDIZATIONCOMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATIONEUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNGManagement Centre: rue de Stassart, 36 B-1050 Brussels 2007 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reservedworldwide for CEN national Members.Ref. No. EN ISO 15181-3:2007: EForeword This document (EN ISO 15
13、181-3:2007) has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 35 “Paints and varnishes“ in collaboration with Technical Committee CEN/TC 139 “Paints and varnishes“, the secretariat of which is held by DIN. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication o
14、f an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by December 2007, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by December 2007. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this
15、European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United
16、 Kingdom. Endorsement notice The text of ISO 15181-3:2007 has been approved by CEN as EN ISO 15181-3:2007 without any modifications. EN ISO 15181-3:2007Reference numberISO 15181-3:2007(E)INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO15181-3First edition2007-06-01Paints and varnishes Determination of release rate of bio
17、cides from antifouling paints Part 3: Calculation of the zinc ethylene-bis(dithiocarbamate) (zineb) release rate by determination of the concentration of ethylenethiourea in the extract Peintures et vernis Dtermination du taux de lixiviation des biocides contenus dans les peintures antisalissures Pa
18、rtie 3: Calcul du taux de lixiviation de lthylne-bis(dithiocarbamate) de zinc (zinbe) par dtermination de la concentration dthylnethioure dans lextrait EN ISO 15181-3:2007ii iiiContents Page Foreword iv Introduction v 1 Scope . 1 2 Normative references . 1 3 Principle. 2 4 Supplementary information
19、required for the zineb extraction procedure 2 5 Apparatus 2 6 Reagents and materials . 3 7 Test samples . 3 8 Procedure 3 9 Calculation and expression of results 5 10 Validation of the method 8 11 Test report . 8 Annex A (normative) Supplementary information required for the zineb extraction procedu
20、re. 10 Annex B (informative) Additional information on zineb and ETU . 11 Bibliography . 12 EN ISO 15181-3:2007iv Foreword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standard
21、s is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take
22、part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization. International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. The main task of technical committees is t
23、o prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote. Attention is drawn to the possibility
24、that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. ISO 15181-3 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 35, Paints and varnishes, Subcommittee SC 9, General test methods for paints and var
25、nishes. ISO 15181 consists of the following parts, under the general title Paints and varnishes Determination of release rate of biocides from antifouling paints: Part 1: General method for extraction of biocides Part 2: Determination of copper-ion concentration in the extract and calculation of the
26、 release rate Part 3: Calculation of the zinc ethylene-bis(dithiocarbamate) (zineb) release rate by determination of the concentration of ethylenethiourea in the extract Part 4: Determination of pyridine-triphenylborane (PTPB) concentration in the extract and calculation of the release rate Part 5:
27、Calculation of the tolylfluanid and dichlofluanid release rate by determination of the concentration of dimethyltolylsulfamide (DMST) and dimethylphenylsulfamide (DMSA) in the extract EN ISO 15181-3:2007vIntroduction By using standard conditions of temperature, salinity and pH at low biocide concent
28、rations in the surrounding artificial seawater, a repeatable value of the release rate under the specified laboratory conditions can be determined using the method given in this part of ISO 15181, which can be used for quality assurance and material selection purposes. The actual release rate of bio
29、cides from antifouling paints on ships hulls into the environment will, however, depend on many factors, such as ship operating schedules, length of service, berthing conditions, paint condition, as well as the temperature, salinity, pH, pollutants and biological community in a particular area. The
30、results of this test do not reflect environmental biocide release rates for antifouling products and are not suitable for direct use in the process of generating environmental-risk assessments, producing environmental-loading estimates or for establishing release rate limits for regulatory purposes.
31、 In comparison with copper and organotin release rates obtained either by direct or indirect measurements of the copper release rate from ships hulls and from measurements made on panels exposed in harbours, all available data indicate that the results obtained using this generic test method signifi
32、cantly overestimate the release rates of biocides under in-service conditions. Published results demonstrate that the results of this test method are generally higher than direct in situ measurements of copper and organotin release rates from in-service ship hulls by a factor of about 10 or more for
33、 several commercial antifouling coatings1, 2. A similar relationship is expected to be found for other biocides. Realistic estimates of the biocide release rate from a ships hull under in-service conditions can only be obtained from this test method if this difference is taken into account. Where th
34、e results of this test method are used in the process of generating environmental-risk assessments, producing environmental-loading estimates or for regulatory purposes, it is most strongly recommended that the relationship between laboratory release rates and actual environmental inputs be taken in
35、to account to allow a more accurate estimate of the biocide release rate from antifouling coatings under real-life conditions to be obtained. This can be accomplished through the application of appropriate correction factors2. EN ISO 15181-3:2007blank1Paints and varnishes Determination of release ra
36、te of biocides from antifouling paints Part 3: Calculation of the zinc ethylene-bis(dithiocarbamate) (zineb) release rate by determination of the concentration of ethylenethiourea in the extract 1 Scope This part of ISO 15181 specifies the apparatus and analytical method for determining the amount o
37、f zineb that has been released from an antifouling paint into artificial seawater in accordance with the procedure given in ISO 15181-1. Zineb is released from antifouling paints in the form of ionic ethylene-bis(dithiocarbamate) which is unstable in the marine environment. This part of ISO 15181 de
38、scribes a method for converting the released species into a stable degradation product, ethylenethiourea, and determining its concentration in the treated artificial seawater samples, and gives the final calculation for the release rate of zineb under the specified laboratory conditions. This part o
39、f ISO 15181 is designed to generally allow the concurrent determination of zineb and other biocides that can be released by a given antifouling paint (for example, copper) through the analysis of separate sub-samples of an artificial seawater extract generated in accordance with the procedure given
40、in ISO 15181-1. When used in conjunction with ISO 15181-1, the practical limits on the quantitative measurement of release rates by this method are from 2,9 gcm2d1to 500 gcm2d1. The quantitative measurement of release rates below this range will require the use of an analytical method with a lower l
41、imit of quantitation for ethylenethiourea in artificial seawater than the limit specified in 5.1. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest
42、 edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. ISO 3696, Water for analytical laboratory use Specification and test methods ISO 15181-1:2007, Paints and varnishes Determination of release rate of biocides from antifouling paints Part 1: General method for extraction of bioci
43、des ASTM D 6442-06, Standard Test Method for Determination of Copper Release Rate from Antifouling Coatings in Substitute Ocean Water EN ISO 15181-3:20072 3 Principle The amount of polymeric ethylene-bis(dithiocarbamate) (zineb) released from a test cylinder into artificial seawater in accordance wi
44、th the procedure given in ISO 15181-1 is determined by degrading the ethylene-bis(dithiocarbamate) species in the leachate under controlled conditions and determining the concentration of the degradation product, ethylenethiourea (ETU), by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) or by an alter
45、native analytical method, provided that it demonstrates a limit of quantitation for ETU in artificial seawater of 6 g/l or less. The release rate of the biocide under the specified laboratory conditions is then calculated as zineb. Additional information on zineb and ETU is given in Annex B. 4 Suppl
46、ementary information required for the zineb extraction procedure The items of supplementary information required to be able to use the general extraction procedure, described in ISO 15181-1, for zineb are given in Annex A. 5 Apparatus 5.1 High-performance liquid chromatograph, or other suitable inst
47、rument, which has a limit of quantitation for ETU in artificial seawater of 6 g/l or less. The limit of quantitation shall be determined by the procedure given in Annex 2 of ASTM D 6442-06 (Determination of the LOQ for Copper in Substitute Ocean Water for the Analytical Method), suitably modified fo
48、r ETU. If HPLC is used, the system shall, where possible, include the components specified in 5.1.1 to 5.1.6. 5.1.1 Isocratic pump, capable of achieving a pressure of 150 bar and a flow-rate of 1,0 ml/min. 5.1.2 Ultraviolet detector, capable of monitoring at 233 nm. 5.1.3 Autosampler, capable of mak
49、ing 25 l injections. 5.1.4 Chromatography column: A reverse-phase column with an internal diameter of 4,6 mm and a length of 150 mm, packed with a microparticulate octadecylsilane (C-18, end-capped) stationary phase (mean particle size 5,0 m) or equivalent. 5.1.5 Column oven, providing a constant column temperature within the range 20 C to 40 C. 5.1.6 Electronic data-processing system, capable of controlling the HPLC system, acquiring data and automatically integrating
