1、| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | BRITISH STANDARD ICS 23.120 NO COPYING WIT
2、HOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAW Industrial fans - Mechanical safety of fans - Guarding (ISO 12499:1999) BS 848-5:1999 BS EN ISO 12499:2008 Licensed Copy: Wang Bin, ISO/EXCHANGE CHINA STANDARDS, 19/11/2009 02:30, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSIThis British Standard, having been pr
3、epared under the direction of the Engineering Sector Committee, was published under the authority of the Standards Committee and comes into effect on 15 November 1999 BS EN ISO 12499:2008 Amendments/corrigenda issued since publication National foreword This British Standard is the UK implementation
4、of EN ISO 12499:2008. It is identical to ISO 12499:1999. It supersedes BS 848-5:1986 which is withdrawn. The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee MCE/17, Industrial fans. A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secre
5、tary. This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application. Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity from legal obligations. BSI 2009 ISBN 978 0 580 3482 6 Date Comments 31 July 2009 6 BS 848-5:199
6、9 renumbered as BS EN ISO 12499:2008 (dual number retained) Licensed Copy: Wang Bin, ISO/EXCHANGE CHINA STANDARDS, 19/11/2009 02:30, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSIEUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN ISO 12499 October 2008 ICS 23.120 English Version Industrial fans - Mechanical safety of
7、 fans - Guarding (ISO 12499:1999) Ventilateurs industriels - Scurit mcanique des ventilateurs - Protecteurs (ISO 12499:1999) This European Standard was approved by CEN on 2 October 2008. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for givi
8、ng this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN Management Centre or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official ver
9、sions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN Management Centre has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgiu
10、m, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR S
11、TANDARDIZATION COMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG Management Centre: rue de Stassart, 36 B-1050 Brussels 2008 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN ISO 12499:2008: E Licensed Copy: Wang Bin, ISO
12、/EXCHANGE CHINA STANDARDS, 19/11/2009 02:30, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSIii Contents Page 1Scope 1 2Normativereferences 1 3Definitions 1 4Hazardsfromfans4 5Riskassessment5 6Reductionofrisk6 7Typesofsafeguard6 8Guardconstruction .9 10Noise .11 11Fansenclosedwithinunits.11 12Safeworkingpractices11 13Inf
13、ormationforuse 12 AnnexA (informative)Bibliography .13 EN ISO 12499:2008 (E) BS EN ISO 12499:2008 Licensed Copy: Wang Bin, ISO/EXCHANGE CHINA STANDARDS, 19/11/2009 02:30, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSIEN ISO 12499:2008 (E) Foreword The text of ISO 12499:1999 has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/
14、TC 117 “Industrial fans” of the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) and has been taken over as EN ISO 12499:2008 by Technical Committee CEN/TC 156 “Ventilation for buildings” the secretariat of which is held by BSI. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national stan
15、dard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by April 2009, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by April 2009. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CE
16、N and/or CENELEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Re
17、public, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom. Endorsement notice The text of ISO 12499:1999 has
18、 been approved by CEN as a EN ISO 12499:2008 without any modification. iii BS EN ISO 12499:2008 Licensed Copy: Wang Bin, ISO/EXCHANGE CHINA STANDARDS, 19/11/2009 02:30, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSIiv Introduction This International Standard is intended to provide designers, users and installers with i
19、nformation on the safety aspectsoffixedguardsforusewithindustrialfans. Sincefans,bythenatureofthefunctiontheyperform,containrotating parts, they present a mechanical hazard whichhastobeminimizedoravoided.Asafandoesnotusuallyhavetobeaccessibleduring“normaloperation“,a fixed guard can be applied. This
20、 can be removed during “ancillary operations“ as necessary for servicing or maintenance. AsthescopeofthisInternationalStandardcoversaparticularformofguardingaswellasitsdesignandusefora specificrangeofproducts,itisatypeCstandard,asdefinedbytheEuropeanCommitteeforStandardization. ItcomplieswithISO/TR1
21、21001,ISO/TR121002andEN414,aswellasISO13852. EN ISO 12499:2008 (E) BS EN ISO 12499:2008 Licensed Copy: Wang Bin, ISO/EXCHANGE CHINA STANDARDS, 19/11/2009 02:30, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSIINTERNATIONALSTANDARD ISO12499:2008(E) 1 IndustrialfansMechanicalsafetyoffansGuarding 1 Scope ThisInternationalSt
22、andardspecifiesrequirementsforthemechanicalguardingofindustrialfans. Thecircumstancesunderwhichsafetymeasuresshallbetakenaredescribedandinformationonhowhazardscan bereducedoreliminatedisgiven,alongwithguidanceonsafetypracticesandinformationforuse. 2 Normativereferences The following standards contai
23、n provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this International Standard. At the time of publication, the editions indicated were valid. All standards are subject to revision, and parties to agreements based on this International Standard are encouraged to investigate
24、 the possibilityofapplyingthemostrecenteditionsofthestandardsindicatedbelow.MembersofIECandISOmaintain registersofcurrentlyvalidInternationalStandards. ISO3864:1984 1) , Safetycoloursandsafetysigns. ISO13349: 2) , IndustrialfansVocabularyanddefinitionsofcategories . ISO13852:1996, SafetyofmachineryS
25、afetydistancestopreventdanger zones being reached by the upper limbs. ISO14120: 2) ,SafetyofmachineryGeneralrequirementsforthedesignandconstructionofguards(fixed, movable). 3 Definitions For the purposes of this International Standard, the definitions given in ISO 13349 and the following definitions
26、 apply. 3.1 industrialfan anyfanusedforindustrialpurposes,includingtheventilationofbuildingsandminesbutexcludingceiling,pedestal andsimilarcirculationtypefanssuchasthosecommonlyusedfornonindustrialpurposes 3.2 normaloperation operationwhenthefanimpellerisrotatingandthefanisfulfillingitsdesignedfunct
27、ionofmovingair 3.3 ancillaryoperation operationwhenthefanimpellerisstationaryandallpowertothefanhasbeendisconnectedtoallowsuchactivities asmaintenance,cleaning,adjustmentortroubleshootingtotakeplace 1) Toberevised,inparts. 2) Tobepublished. Licensed Copy: Wang Bin, ISO/EXCHANGE CHINA STANDARDS, 19/1
28、1/2009 02:30, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI 2 3.4 windmilling rotationofafanimpellerinducedbyflowacrosstheimpeller 3.5 hazard sourceofpossibleinjuryordamagetohealth 3.6 hazardoussituation anysituationinwhichapersonisexposedtoahazardortohazards 3.7 personalinjury hurtcausedtoorsustainedbyapersonasaresul
29、tofmechanicalhazard 3.8 risk combinationoftheprobabilityandthedegreeofthepossibleinjuryordamagetohealthinahazardoussituation 3.9 dangerzone dangerpoint anyzoneorpointatornearthefanwhereapersonisexposedtoriskofinjuryordamagetohealth 3.10 guard guarding mechanicalmeanswherebymechanicalhazardsassociate
30、dwithindustrialfansareminimizedoravoided 3.10.1 fixedguard guardkeptinplacebymeansoffasteners,makingremovalimpossiblewithoutusingtools 3.10.2 fixeddistanceguard fixedguardwhichdoesnotcompletelyencloseadangerzone,butwhichpreventsorreducesaccessbyvirtueofits physicaldimensionsanditsdistancefromthehaza
31、rd 3.11 safeguarding safetymeasuresconsisting of the use of specific technical means called safeguards (guards, safety devices) to protectpersonsfromhazardswhichcannotreasonablyberemovedorsufficientlylimitedbydesign 3.12 residualrisk riskremainingafterspecifiedsafetymeasureshavebeentakenduringdesign
32、orbytheapplicationofsafeguarding 3.13 safeworkingpractice systemofworkingwhichreducesoreliminatestheriskofinjury 3.14 informationforuse safetymeasuresconsistingofcommunicationlinks,suchastext,words,signs,signals,symbolsordiagrams,used separatelyorincombination,toconveyinformationtotheuser NOTE Infor
33、mationforuseisdirectedtoprofessionaland/ornonprofessionalusers. EN ISO 12499:2008 (E) BS EN ISO 12499:2008 Licensed Copy: Wang Bin, ISO/EXCHANGE CHINA STANDARDS, 19/11/2009 02:30, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI 3 3.15 captivekeyinterlockwithtimer combinationofaswitch,withtimer,andalocksecuredtoafixedpar
34、tofthemachinewiththeoperatingkeyheld captiveintheaccessdoor NOTE Thesequenceofoperationisasfollows: turnhandletoswitchoff, aftertimedelay,furtherturntounlockaccessdoor,and opendoor(keydisengagesfromlock). Atypicalexampleisillustratedinfigure1. Key Lockwithswitch Switch Lock Handlecontainingkey NOTE
35、Thecaptivekeyinterlockensuresthatthecircuitbreakingelementwillbeopenedbeforetheguardcanbeopened. Itcanbeusedwhentheguardcanberemovedcompletely.Itislesssuitableforslidingguardsthanforhingedandcompletely removableones;itcanbecombinedwithatimedelayunit. Figure1Principleofcaptivekeyinterlock EN ISO 1249
36、9:2008 (E) BS EN ISO 12499:2008 Licensed Copy: Wang Bin, ISO/EXCHANGE CHINA STANDARDS, 19/11/2009 02:30, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI 4 4 Hazardsfromfans Apersonmaybeinjuredbyafanasaresultof: a) beingtrappedbetweenamovingandstationarypart,e.g.afanimpellerandcasingorotherfixedpartofafan; b) beingtrappe
37、dbetweentwomovingparts,e.g.abeltandpulley; c) beingdrawnintothefaninletbyairmovement,resultingincontactwitharotatingshaftorimpeller; d) comingintocontactwithamovingpart,suchasanimpeller; e) objectbeingdrawnintothefaninletandejectedathighvelocityatfandischargeorinlet; f) structuralfailureoffancompone
38、nts; g) contactwithsurfacesofthefanatextremetemperatures(i.e.lessthan 220Corgreaterthan+50C); h) noiseemissioncausedbysafeguards; i) evenwhenafanisswitchedoff,therotatingpartscanstillbecausedtowindmillbyairdriventhroughthefan, eithernaturallyorbyfan(s)inotherpartsoftheductsystemconnectedtothefan;thi
39、scouldcauseinjuryasthe resultofcontactwithamovingpart,suchasanimpeller; j) unauthorized opening of access doors provided in the fan or connecting ductwork, if done whilst the fan is operating,cancauseinjuryastheresultofbeingdrawnintothefaninletbyairmovement,resultingincontact witharotatingshaftorimp
40、eller,orcontactwithamovingpart,suchasanimpeller. NOTE Figure2illustratestypicalmechanicalhazardsreferredtoina)tod). EN ISO 12499:2008 (E) BS EN ISO 12499:2008 Licensed Copy: Wang Bin, ISO/EXCHANGE CHINA STANDARDS, 19/11/2009 02:30, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI 5 Figure2Typicalmechanicalhazardsfromfans
41、 5 Riskassessment Aqualitativeassessmentoftheriskofinjuryfromfansindicatesthatifnosafeguardingmeasuresareundertaken, thisriskcanbeconsiderableandunacceptable. Dependinguponthepowerofthefanandthehazardinvolved,injurycanbesevereorevenfatal. Hazardsinclause4a)tof)arejudgedtobethosehavingthegreatestpote
42、ntialforinjury. Theconclusionisthatsafeguardingmeasuresshallbeundertakentominimizetherisk. Wherethereisaresidualrisk,“safeworkingpractices“shallbefollowedandthesafetyaspectsof“informationfor use“shallreceiveparticularattention. EN ISO 12499:2008 (E) BS EN ISO 12499:2008 Licensed Copy: Wang Bin, ISO/
43、EXCHANGE CHINA STANDARDS, 19/11/2009 02:30, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI 6 6 Reductionofrisk Thebasicprinciplesforreducingtheriskofinjury,whichmaybeappliedtofans,are: a) identification or knowledge of the hazard(s); (where the hazard is not visible or evident, such as at access doors, a suitable warni
44、ng label in accordance with ISO 3864 shall be fixed to the door in a clearly visible position), b) eliminationoravoidanceofthehazard(s),includingmeasurestoreducethescaleofpossibleinjury, c) useofphysicalsafeguards, d) useof“safeworkingpractices“, e) emphasisonthesafetyaspectsof“informationforuse“. O
45、neothermethodofeliminatingorreducingriskscausedbyfansistomakeuseofsafetydistancespreventing dangerzonesfrombeingreachedbytheupperlimbs,asdetailedinISO13852. Itisnotalwayspossibleforthefanmanufacturertobecertainthatafanissafebyvirtueofitsposition.Where accessandconsequentinjuryisreasonablyforeseeable,safeguardsshallbeprovidedbytheinstallerorfanuser. Thismeansthatprotectiveguard
