1、raising standards worldwideNO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAWBSI Standards PublicationBS EN 28701:2012Intelligent transport systems Public transport Identification of Fixed Objectsin Public Transport (IFOPT)Copyright European Committee for Standardization Provided
2、 by IHS under license with CENNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-BS EN 28701:2012 BRITISH STANDARDNational forewordThis British Standard is the UK implementation of EN 28701:2012. Itsupersedes DD CEN/TS 28701:2010 which is withdrawn.The UK participatio
3、n in its preparation was entrusted to TechnicalCommittee EPL/278, Road transport informatics.A list of organizations represented on this committee can beobtained on request to its secretary.This publication does not purport to include all the necessaryprovisions of a contract. Users are responsible
4、for its correctapplication. The British Standards Institution 2013. Published by BSI StandardsLimited 2013ISBN 978 0 580 77389 1ICS 35.240.60Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity fromlegal obligations.This British Standard was published under the authority of theStandards Policy
5、and Strategy Committee on 31 January 2013.Amendments issued since publicationDate Text affectedCopyright European Committee for Standardization Provided by IHS under license with CENNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-BS EN 28701:2012EUROPEAN STANDARD N
6、ORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN 28701 December 2012 ICS 35.240.60 Supersedes CEN/TS 28701:2010English Version Intelligent transport systems - Public transport - Identification of Fixed Objects in Public Transport (IFOPT) Systmes de transport intelligents - Transports publics - Identification des o
7、bjets fixes dans les transports publics (IFOPT) Intelligente Transportsysteme - ffentlicher Verkehr - Identifizierung fester Objekte im ffentlichen Verkehr (IFOPT) This European Standard was approved by CEN on 9 September 2012. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulation
8、s which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN member. Th
9、is European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versions. CEN mem
10、bers are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portu
11、gal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and United Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels 2012 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by an
12、y means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN 28701:2012: ECopyright European Committee for Standardization Provided by IHS under license with CENNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-BS EN 28701:2012EN 28701:2012 (E) 2 Contents Page Fo
13、reword . 4Introduction . 51 Scope 71.1 General . 71.2 Explicit exclusions from scope 71.3 Exclusions from Terminology 81.4 Approach Modularisation 81.5 Approach Modelling . 92 Normative references 133 Terms and definitions . 133.1 Transport Related Terms 133.2 Communications Mobile objects: vehicles
14、, on board validators, etc.; Events: accidents, works, and situations affecting parts of the network, etc. Subsets of these objects are of particular importance for certain functional domains of Public Transport. For instance, Automatic Vehicle Monitoring systems are concerned with the mobile object
15、s (vehicles) and their positions relative to the infrastructure. Passenger Information systems are concerned with: information provision and exchange about the network services (timetables, etc.); optimisation of passenger trips (trip proposals made according to specific criteria,etc.); management o
16、f Public Transport resources (sales points, validators, passenger information devices, etc.). These systems need all types of data, but information related to the fixed objects is crucial, in particular about the Public Transport stops, their unambiguous identification, their accurate description, a
17、nd their location in space. Several particular problems apply to such data. One of them is the fact that the same fixed objects (stops, interchanges) are often used by several operators or several modes and appear with different descriptions and identifiers, so that complex correspondence tables hav
18、e to be set up and maintained to ensure inter-modal trip planning, for instance, where it is important to uniquely identify the stops. Another problem appears when it appears that the same fixed objects (e.g. a train station, a bus stop) are considered as simple (points) or complex (clusters of poin
19、ts or areas) depending on the viewpoint of a subsystem (for instance, precision of the map). This aspect is often solved by the identification of several objects as one single object (a type of projection), but engenders at the same time the problem of the location referencing of the complex object
20、that has been considered as simple, without a precise method for locating it in space. Another aspect of the problem of referencing fixed objects for Public Transport is that they are often related to urban infrastructure. The latter is often relevant and used for the description of these objects. T
21、opographical descriptors are introduced to characterise objects that are specific to Public Transport and, furthermore, knowledge of the access points to buildings and other infrastructure objects may be relevant for journey planning. In this case, if any change of the urban infrastructure occurs, P
22、ublic Transport specific data should be updated and, in a multi-operator context, a certain incoherence of information is likely to appear. Copyright European Committee for Standardization Provided by IHS under license with CENNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license fro
23、m IHS-,-,-BS EN 28701:2012EN 28701:2012 (E) 6 All these reasons have led to several national programs to provide solutions to address at least parts of the problem particularly relevant for Passenger Information. The UK-NaPTAN system focuses on Public Transport stops, their unambiguous identificatio
24、n, their location in space and their description, choosing a certain level of detail. In Germany, DELFI and VDV-Datenmodel deal with similar issues. The Swedish “Samtrafikens transportformat“ provides topographical identification including addresses, Public Transport stops with localisation and path
25、 links for passengers. Other European Standards that exchange PT data, such as TPEG or TRIDENT, ALERT C, ILOC, EU-Spirit, Transmodel or SIRI, aim at the description of location referencing of stops, but do not provide a comprehensive solution for all the problems. Another important recent study has
26、been the French CERTUs “tude des systmes de localisation pour les transports Clarification des concepts lis aux arrts de transports en commun“ which makes a systematic study of stop location concepts and furthermore relates them to the existing concepts of the Transmodel standard. This “Identificati
27、on of Fixed Objects“ document draws heavily on the CERTU study, which was carried out by the leading French Transmodel experts. The identification of fixed objects needs to be managed at a national level and the standard should take into account the respective national organisational models for admi
28、nistering data. Because of the large number of stops and their geographical dispersal, this will typically involve a distributed process with a number of parties needing to be coordinated. Copyright European Committee for Standardization Provided by IHS under license with CENNot for ResaleNo reprodu
29、ction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-BS EN 28701:2012EN 28701:2012 (E) 7 1 Scope 1.1 General This European Standard defines a model and identification principles for the main fixed objects related to public access to Public Transport (e.g. stop points, stop areas, stations, con
30、nection links, entrances, etc.), in particular: to identify the relevant functions which need a unique identification of fixed objects especially for the Passenger Information domain in a multi-modal, multi-operator context; to identify the main fixed objects related to the Public Transport system,
31、choosing a certain viewpoint, i.e. considering a certain level of detail (“granularity“) of the given description taking into account the needs of the identified functions; to give a typology of these objects together with definitions; to present relationships between the identified Public Transport
32、 objects; to unambiguously describe these objects through their main properties (attributes); to describe how to locate these objects in space through coordinates and through the link to topographic objects with a clear separation between the “Public Transport layer“ and the “topographic layer“ desc
33、ribed in its turn by geographic objects; to enable the assignment of data administration (responsibility for data maintenance) of each fixed object. Geospatial location referencing techniques of PT objects (e.g. use of satellites, roadside equipment for positioning) or representation techniques on m
34、aps (projections) are outside the scope of this standard. 1.2 Explicit exclusions from scope In order to limit the scope for this version of the Fixed Object Standard, certain types of potential Fixed Object have been excluded for the time being, but will be proposed for inclusion in a second or sub
35、sequent part of the standard. These include: Roadside Equipment such as Traffic Signals and Traffic Lights and approach information for Urban Traffic Management and Control Systems; Road crossings and interchange data (though Access links may project onto tracks in other models that consider these,
36、such as the EuroRoads project); Parking: A Car Park Model defines the availability and nature of car, bicycle and other parking. IFOPT includes only a rudimentary Parking model to indicate the relationship of the car parks to the rest of the Stop Place model; Relationships with the location referenc
37、ing requirements of DATEX2 and TPEG. Fixed Objects are concerned primarily with physical infrastructure and equipment as referenced by information services. Concepts that relate to fixed points that belong to other information layers, such as the structure of Tariff Zones or Fare stages (which belon
38、g to the fares layer of Transmodel) are not covered. Copyright European Committee for Standardization Provided by IHS under license with CENNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-BS EN 28701:2012EN 28701:2012 (E) 8 IFOPT describes a generic structure for c
39、lassifying Points of Interest, for example museums, stadiums, etc., but does not set out a recommended informative value set of Point of Interest categories. 1.3 Exclusions from Terminology For the convenience of readers, the Terms and Definitions section of the IFOPT specification repeats definitio
40、ns of certain key Transmodel concepts that are fundamental to understanding the IFOPT model. It does not repeat definitions of a number of other related Transmodel elements that are part of other Transmodel information layers, i.e. not specific to the Fixed Object layer, for example LINE, DESTINATIO
41、N DISPLAY, PASSING TIME, or are not within the direct scope of the Fixed Object models, such as RAILWAY ELEMENT, RAILWAY JUNCTION, ROAD ELEMENT, ROAD JUNCTION. 1.4 Approach Modularisation 1.4.1 General This European Standard builds on the Transmodel Standard to define four related sub models; See Fi
42、gure 1. Each model is described as a set of entities, attributes and relationships with other models. Figure 1 Fixed Object Submodels These constituent models of the Fixed Object model are enumerated as follows: Stop Place Model: Describes the detailed structure of a STOP PLACE (that is station, air
43、port, etc) including physical points of access to vehicles and the paths between the points, including ACCESSIBILITY. NOTE The concept of stops and the links between them in the Stop Place Model is distinct from the STOP POINT and CONNECTION LINK concepts used in Transmodel to describe the logical s
44、topping points and connections of journey patterns for timetables: the Stop Place model describes the stops and paths as actual physical locations in space. Copyright European Committee for Standardization Provided by IHS under license with CENNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted wi
45、thout license from IHS-,-,-BS EN 28701:2012EN 28701:2012 (E) 9 Point of Interest Model: Describes the structure of a POINT OF INTEREST including physical points of access, i.e. ENTRANCEs. Also provides a model for a standardised POINT OF INTEREST CLASSIFICATION hierarchy a means of providing a taxon
46、omy of different types of POINT OF INTEREST relevant for journey planning. Gazetteer Topographical Model: Provides a topographical representation of the settlements (cities, towns, villages, etc.) between which people travel. It is used to associate Stop and Station elements with the appropriate top
47、ographic names and concepts to support the functions of journey planning, stop finding, etc. The TOPOGRAPHICAL PLACE entities in the Gazetteer model may be referenced by the Stop Place and Point of Interest Model but do not reference the elements of those models. Administrative Model: Provides an or
48、ganisational model for assigning responsibility to create and maintain data as a collaborative process involving distributed stakeholders. Includes namespace management to manage the decentralised issuing of unique identifiers. The Stop Place Model is the mandatory part of the Fixed Object model. The other models are ancillary and may be implemented on an optional basis 1.4.2 Motivation for Modularisation This partitioning of Fixed Object into distinct sub-models is in particular of significance for data exchange. For data exchange, a model held on one computer system must typ
