1、| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | BRITISH STANDARD BS EN 12049 : 1997 The Eu
2、ropean Standard EN 12049 : 1996 has the status of a British Standard ICS 65.080 NO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAW Solid fertilizers and liming materials Determination of moisture content Gravimetric method by drying under reduced pressureBS EN 12049 : 1997 This B
3、ritish Standard, having been prepared under the direction of the Sector Board for Materials and Chemicals, was published under the authority of the Standards Board and comes into effect on 15 June 1997 BSI 1997 The following BSI references relate to the work on this standard: Committee reference CII
4、/37 Draft for comment 91/52767 DC ISBN 0 580 27411 X Amendments issued since publication Amd. No. Date Text affected Committees responsible for this British Standard The preparation of this British Standard was entrusted to Technical Committee CII/37, Fertilizers and related chemicals, upon which th
5、e following bodies were represented: Association of Public Analysts British Aggregate Construction Materials Industries British Coal Corporation Chemical Industries Association Consumers Association Department of Trade and Industry (Laboratory of the Government Chemist) Fertiliser Manufacturers Asso
6、ciation Ltd. Horticultural Trades Association Institute of Trading Standards Administration Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries and Food Water Services Association of England and WalesBS EN 12049 : 1997 BSI 1997 i Contents Page Committees responsible Inside front cover National foreword ii Foreword 2
7、 Method 1 Scope 3 2 Normative reference 3 3 Principle 3 4 Material 3 5 Apparatus 3 6 Preparation of the test sample 3 7 Procedure 3 8 Expression of results 4 9 Test report 4 Annexes A (informative) Precision 5 ZA (informative) Bibliography 5ii BSI 1997 BS EN 12049 : 1997 National foreword This Briti
8、sh Standard has been prepared by Technical Committee CII/37 and is the English language version of EN 12049 : 1996 Solid fertilizers and liming materials Determination of moisture content Gravimetric method by drying under reduced pressure, published by the European Committee for Standardization (CE
9、N). It supersedes BS 5551 : Subsection 4.4.1 : 1993, which is withdrawn. EN 12049 was produced as a result of international disucssion in which the United Kingdom took an active part. It was derived by CEN from ISO 8189 : 1992 published by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO). Cr
10、oss-reference Publication referred to Corresponding British Standard EN 1482 : 1996 BS EN 1482 : 1996 Sampling of solid fertilizers and liming materials Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. Summary of pages This document comprises a front cove
11、r, an inside front cover, pages i and ii, the EN title page, pages 2 to 6, an inside back cover and a back cover.CEN European Committee for Standardization Comite Europe en de Normalisation Europa isches Komitee fu r Normung Central Secretariat: rue de Stassart 36, B-1050 Brussels 1996 All rights of
12、 reproduction and communication in any form and by any means reserved to CEN and its members Ref. No. EN 12049 : 1996 E EUROPEAN STANDARD EN 12049 NORME EUROPE ENNE EUROPA ISCHE NORM September 1996 ICS 65.080 Descriptors: Fertilizers, tests, determination, humidity, gravimetric analysis English vers
13、ion Solid fertilizers and liming materials Determination of moisture content Gravimetric method by drying under reduced pressure (ISO 8189 : 1992 modified) Engrais solides et amendements calciques et/ou magne siens De termination de la teneur en eau Met hode gravime trique par se chage sous pression
14、 re duite (ISO 8189 : 1992 modifie e) Feste Du ngemittel und Calcium-/Magnesium- Bodenverbesserungsmittel Bestimmung des Feuchtegehaltes Gravimetrisches Verfahren durch Trocknung unter reduziertem Druck (ISO 8189 : 1992 modifiziert) This European Standard was approved by CEN on 1996-03-06. CEN membe
15、rs are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on applicatio
16、n to the Central Secretariat or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the Central Secretariat has the sa
17、me status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.Page 2 EN 12049 : 1996 BSI 1997 Foreword
18、 The text of the International Standard from technical committee ISO/TC 134, Fertilizers and soil conditioners, of the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) has been taken over as a European Standard by the Technical Committee CEN/TC 260, Fertilizers and liming materials, the secretar
19、iat of which is held by AFNOR. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by March 1997, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by March 1997. In accordance with the
20、 CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, United Kingdom. Endorsement notice Th
21、e text of International Standard ISO 8189 : 1992 was approved by CEN as a European Standard with agreed common modifications as given below. The title and scope have been extended to include liming materials. In the list of fertilizers to which the method is not applicable the reference to magnesium
22、 sulfate has been amended to magnesium sulfate containing one to seven molecules of water of crystallization for each molecule of magnesium sulfate. In clause 2 and clause 6, the reference to ISO 8358 : 1991 has been replaced by EN 1482 : 1996. In clause 9, a requirement to include the method of sam
23、pling and sample preparation in the test report has been added. A bibliography has been added as an informative annex ZA. The common modifications have been inserted in the text of the reference document and indicated by a vertical line in the margin.Page 3 EN 12049 : 1996 BSI 1997 | | | | | | | | |
24、 | | | | | | | | | | | 1 Scope This European Standard specifies a gravimetric method, by drying under reduced pressure, for the determination of the moisture content of fertilizers and liming materials. The method is not applicable to fertilizers and liming materials containing the following: calciu
25、m nitrate; calcium hydroxide; calcium sulfate containing less than two molecules of water of crystallization for each molecule of calcium sulfate; magnesium sulfate containing one to seven molecules of water of crystallization for each molecule of magnesium sulfate; salts which effloresce readily at
26、 ambient temperatures or those which absorb water (desiccants). 2 Normative reference This European Standard incorporates by dated or undated reference, provisions from other publications. These normative references are cited at the appropriate places in the text and the publications are listed here
27、after. For dated references, subsequent amendments to or revisions of any of these publications apply to this European Standard only when incorporated in it by amendment or revision. For undated references the latest edition of the publication referred to applies EN 1482 : 1996 Sampling of solid fer
28、tilizers and liming materials 3 Principle Drying a test portion at a pressure of 663 10 3 Pa and a temperature of 25 C for 24 h and determination of the resulting loss in mass. 4 Material 4.1 Silica gel desiccant, self-indicating, particle size 2 mm to 5 mm. Activate the silica gel, immediately prio
29、r to use, by placing about 100 g in the evaporating basin (5.4) and transferring the basin to the oven (5.5), set at 105 C for 2 h. Transfer the basin with its contents to a desiccator and allow to cool to ambient temperature. | | 5 Apparatus Ordinary laboratory apparatus and, in particular, the fol
30、lowing: 5.1 Weighing bottle, 70 mm to 80 mm diameter, fitted with a stopper. 5.2 Vacuum desiccator, internal diameter about 200 mm, containing silica gel desiccant (4.1). 5.3 Vacuum pump, fitted with a pressure gauge. 5.4 Evaporating basin, internal diameter about 100 mm. 5.5 Oven, capable of being
31、controlled at (105 2) C. 6 Preparation of test sample Prepare the test sample, without grinding, in accordance with EN 1482. If necessary, quickly crush (not grind) the material in a mortar. Mix all the material and immediately take the test portion (7.1). NOTE 1. It is advisable to crush the materi
32、al in an atmosphere of relative humidity 40 % to 60 %. 7 Procedure 7.1 Test portion Remove the stopper from the weighing bottle (5.1) and heat both for 2 h in the oven (5.5) set at 105 C. Cool in the desiccator (5.2). After cooling to room temperature, fit the stopper and weigh to the nearest 0,001
33、g. Weigh, to the nearest 0,001 g, about 10 g of the test sample into the prepared weighing bottle, with the stopper placed alongside. 7.2 Determination Place the unstoppered weighing bottle (5.1) containing the test portion, and the stopper, adjacent to each other, in the desiccator (5.2) containing
34、 the freshly activated silica gel (4.1). Using the vacuum pump (5.3), reduce the pressure in the desiccator to an absolute pressure of (66 1,3)3 10 3 Pa (500 10) mmHg and maintain at this pressure for 24 h, at a temperature of (25 3) C. Warning. Before use, it is essential to check that the vacuum d
35、esiccator is free from defects. It should be placed behind a safety screen before applying a vacuum and should not be removed until atmospheric pressure has been restored. Allow the pressure inside the desiccator to return to that of the atmosphere by gradually admitting air which has been dried by
36、passage through the activated silica gel (4.1). Open the desiccator, quickly restopper the weighing bottle and weigh the bottle, stopper and contents to the nearest 0,001 g.Page 4 EN 12049 : 1996 BSI 1997 8 Expression of results The moisture content of the fertilizer, expressed as a percentage by ma
37、ss, is given by the formula: 3 100 m 0 2 m 1 m 0 where: m 0 is the mass, in grams, of the test portion before drying; m 1 is the mass, in grams of the test portion after drying. Round the result, the mean of at least two determinations, to 0,1 % (m/m). | | | | | 9 Test report The test report shall i
38、nclude the following information: a) a reference to this European Standard; b) the method of sampling and sample preparation; c) the results and the method of expression used; d) all information necessary for the complete identification of the sample; e) any unusual features noted during the determi
39、nation; f) any operation not included in this European Standard or in the European Standard to which reference is made, or regarded as optional.Page 5 EN 12049 : 1996 BSI 1997 Annex A (informative) Precision A.1 General The precision data were determined from an experiment conducted in 1979 involvin
40、g 21 laboratories using one sample of each of five different types of fertilizer. Since it is not certain whether these data are valid for all fertilizers to which this international standard applies, they are included for information only. A.2 Repeatability The difference between two single test re
41、sults obtained from identical test material by one analyst using the same apparatus within a short time-interval should exceed the repeatability limit,r ,given by the following equation, on average not more than once in 20 cases in the normal and correct operation of the method. r = 0,1 m where: m i
42、s the arithmetic mean of the two test results (i.e. two determinations). A.3 Reproducibility The difference between two single and independent test results found by two analysts working in different laboratories using identical test material should exceed the reproducibility limit, R, given by the f
43、ollowing equation, on average not more than once in 20 cases in the normal and correct operation of the method. R = 0,4 M where: M is the arithmetic mean of the two test results (i.e. two determinations). | | | | | Annex ZA (informative) Bibliography ISO 3963 : 1977 Fertilizers Sampling from a conve
44、yor by stopping the belt ISO 7742 : 1988 Solid fertilizers Reduction of samples ISO 8633 : 1992 Solid fertilizers Simple sampling method for small lots6 blank BSI 1997 BS EN 12049 : 1997 List of references See national foreword.BSI 389 Chiswick High Road London W4 4AL | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
45、 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | BSI British Standards Institution BSI is the independent national body respon
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