1、| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | BRITISH STANDARD BS 7121-12:1999 ICS 43.16
2、0; 53.020.20 NO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAW Safe use of cranes Part 12: Recovery vehicles and equipment Code of practiceBS 7121-12:1999 This British Standard, having been prepared under the direction of the Engineering Sector Committee, was published under the
3、 authority of the Standards Committee and comes into effect on 15 January 1999 BSI 01-1999 The following BSI references relate to the work on this standard: Committee reference MHE/3/14 Draft for comment 97/715070 DC ISBN 0 580 28259 7 Amendments issued since publication Amd. No. Date Text affected
4、Committees responsible for this British Standard The preparation of this British Standard was entrusted by Technical Committee MHE/3, Cranes and derricks, to Subcommittee MHE/3/14, Vehicle recovery cranes and equipment, upon which the following bodies were represented: Associated British Ports Assoc
5、iation of Lorry Loaders Manufacturers and Importers Construction Confederation Construction Plant Hire Association Electricity Association Federation of Manufacturers of Construction Equipment and Cranes Federation of Wire Rope Manufacturers of Great Britain Health and Safety Executive Institution o
6、f Occupational Safety and Health Institution of Plant Engineers Institution of Structural Engineers Lifting Equipment Engineers Association Lloyds Register of Shipping Safety Assessment Federation Ltd The following bodies were also represented in the drafting of the standard, through sub-committees
7、and panels: Association of Vehicle Recovery Operators (AVRO) Automobile Association Central Motorway Police Group Department of the Environment, Transport and the Regions Central Transport Group Institute of Vehicle Recovery Metropolitan Police Ministry of Defence Recovery Equipment Manufacturers an
8、d Suppliers Association (REMSA) Road Haulage Association Ltd Road Rescue Recovery Association Royal Automobile ClubBS 7121-12:1999 BSI 01-1999 i Contents Page Committees responsible Inside front cover Foreword ii 1 Introduction 1 2 Scope 1 3 Normative references 1 4 Definitions 1 5 Management of the
9、 recovery operation 3 6 Selection and training of technicians 3 7 Personal protective equipment 3 8 Fire extinguishers 3 9 First aid provisions 3 10 Maintenance of the recovery vehicle and equipment 4 11 Inspection, testing and roadworthiness of recovery vehicles 4 12 Safe working practices 4 Annex
10、A (informative) Legislation relating to the recovery industry 8 Annex B (informative) Sample recovery training programme 8 Annex C (informative) Typical items considered to be recovery equipment 9 Annex D (informative) Recovery vehicle safety checks and reporting 9 Figure 1 Winchmans hand signals 6i
11、i BSI 01-1999 BS 7121-12:1999 1) Under preparation. Foreword This Code of Practice has been prepared under the direction of the Engineering Sector Board. It should be used in conjunction with BS 7901, 1) which deals with recovery vehicles and equipment. This Code of Practice is recommended to owners
12、 and users of recovery vehicles and equipment who are encouraged to observe all the provisions, and where possible, upgrade existing equipment and operating procedures accordingly. Whilst it is recognized that the recommendations given do not relate to design and manufacturing aspects of recovery ve
13、hicles and equipment, it is strongly advised that this code of practice is referred to by designers in consideration of such factors. It has been assumed in the drafting of this British Standard that the execution of its provisions is entrusted to appropriately qualified and experienced people. As a
14、 Code of Practice, this British Standard takes the form of guidance and recommendations. It should not be quoted as if it were a specification and particular care should be taken to ensure that claims of compliance are not misleading. A British Standard does not purport to include all necessary prov
15、isions of a contract. Users of British Standards are responsible for their correct application. Annexes A to D are informative. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. Summary of pages This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover,
16、 pages i and ii, pages 1 to 9 and a back cover. BSI 01-1999 1 BS 7121-12:1999 2) Currently in preparation planned publication date Autumn 1999. 1 Introduction This British Standard Code of Practice is issued for the benefit of all employers and technicians within the vehicle recovery industry. It se
17、ts out clear guidelines and recommendations for ensuring both the health and safety of those working in the recovery industry and of members of the public who may be affected by their activities during recovery operations. The efficient recovery of any vehicles involved in accidents or breakdowns on
18、 the highway is a vital service. It demands a considerable amount of expertise and substantial investment by the recovery industry in trained technicians and suitable equipment. The costs to everyone concerned in an inefficient recovery operation can be high in respect of personal safety and damage
19、to property. Long delays also cause more congestion and seriously hamper traffic movement. Poor performance often occurs as a result of using inappropriate equipment, or through a lack of sufficient knowledge and understanding by the technicians involved, or inadequate communication. The vehicle rec
20、overy industry has recognized that the responsibility for efficient and safe roadside operations rests with the technicians at the scene of the accident or breakdown. It is therefore essential that all technicians receive adequate information, instruction and training before they operate as technici
21、ans. The ultimate responsibility for devising safe systems of work, providing adequate training, selecting competent technicians and supplying appropriate supervision rests with the employers, to whom this code of practice is primarily directed. It can also be used by recovery customers as a benchma
22、rk by which they can assess the performance of their service provider. The text reflects the importance of good management for health and safety by stressing the need to plan effectively and establish clear policies and procedures at the outset. It goes on to deal with the requirement for capable, w
23、ell-trained technicians and the need for the employer to supply sufficient information and appropriate protective equipment to enable them to operate safely. After considering the safety of the recovery vehicle and the equipment that is provided to technicians, it then looks at safe systems of work
24、relating directly to the operations involved in the recovery of vehicles. Annexes provide further information to complement the main text. General recommendations on the safe use of cranes are given in BS 7121-1 and general recommendations on the safe use of lorry loaders are given in BS 7121-4. 2 S
25、cope This British Standard Code of Practice gives recommendations for the care and safe use of recovery vehicles and equipment, to ensure the safety of technicians and other persons in the vicinity of recovery operations. 3 Normative references The following normative documents contain provisions wh
26、ich, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this part of this British Standard. For dated references, subsequent amendments to, or revisions of, any of these publications do not apply. For undated references, the latest edition of the publication referred to applies. BS 5426:1993,
27、Specification for workwear and career wear. BS 7121-1:1989, Code of practice for safe use of cranes Part 1: General. BS 7121-4:1997, Code of practice for safe use of cranes Part 4: Lorry loaders. BS 7901, Specification for recovery vehicles and vehicle recovery equipment (including recovery cranes).
28、 2) BS EN 166:1996, Personal eye protection. Specifications. BS EN 471:1994, Specification for high-visibility warning clothing. BS EN 345, Safety footwear for professional use. BS EN 388:1994, Protective gloves against mechanical risks. BS EN 397:1995, Specification for industrial safety helmets. 4
29、 Definitions For the purposes of this Code of Practice, the following terms and definitions apply. 4.1 accident when a vehicle has been damaged by collision, or has left the road undamaged but cannot return without assistance NOTE An accident is not the same as a breakdown. 4.2 breakdown when a vehi
30、cle is immobilized through mechanical failure, which has not been caused by an accident 4.3 casualty vehicle vehicle which is to be repaired or recovered2 BSI 01-1999 BS 7121-12:1999 4.4 competent person person who has appropriate practical and theoretical knowledge and experience of the type of equ
31、ipment to be inspected and who is capable of detecting defects or weaknesses and assessing their importance in relation to the safety and continued use of the equipment 4.5 flat towing towing whereby the casualty vehicle supports all of its own weight on the road and is towed by means of a tow bar o
32、r towing frame 4.6 ground anchor existing solid object, such as a tree, or device driven into the ground, or dug into the ground, to act as an anchor point 4.7 hauling act of using a winch to drag a load horizontally, or up a sloping surface as opposed to lifting it 4.8 inspection scheme method of a
33、ssessment to determine if equipment can be operated, adjusted and maintained safely ranging from, for example, a visual daily check by a technician to a functional test, with or without load by an independent third party 4.9 lift-and-tow towing whereby either the front end or the rear end of the cas
34、ualty is raised off the ground by the towing vehicle, the mass of the casualty being supported partly by its own axles which are still on the ground, and partly by the rear end of the recovery vehicle 4.10 recovery any operation which deals with the removal of a broken-down, abandoned or accident da
35、maged vehicle, which cannot be repaired in situ and driven away unaided 4.11 recovery equipment primary recovery device fitted to the recovery vehicle or other items of equipment, and accessories to the main recovery device NOTE The term “loose recovery equipment” is used to distinguish between the
36、main recovery device and other equipment and accessories. 4.12 recovery industry all supplies engages in providing vehicle rescue and recovery services 4.13 recovery vehicle vehicle complete with its normal inventory of recovery equipment used primarily in the recovery of motor vehicles, which may a
37、lso carry equipment for repairs at the roadside 4.14 righting action of returning a vehicle to an upright attitude 4.15 safe working load (SWL) maximum load which a machine is allowed to carry taking into account the maximum working load, the minimum breaking load of the material from which it is ma
38、de and the nature of the work that it will be required to do 4.16 steersman person at the controls of a casualty vehicle while it is being towed 4.17 suspended towing towing where either the front or the rear of the casualty vehicle is lifted from above, as with a crane and “A” frame and sling 4.18
39、technician person who has received training in the recovery of motor vehicles and who can demonstrate the competence to work alone and unsupervised 4.19 transporter any vehicle designed for transporting 4.20 transporting when the casualty vehicle is carried entirely on the bed of a transporter or a
40、trailer NOTE It should not be confused with “towing”. BSI 01-1999 3 BS 7121-12:1999 3) If technicians are present at an incident where hazardous or unknown substances have been spilled from a vehicle they should seek professional advice without delay. 4) A reflective safety garment should be worn at
41、 all times when working outside of the recovery vehicle. At no time should any other clothing, or any other item, be worn over the reflective safety garment including wet weather clothing. 5 Management of the recovery operation 5.1 Organizing for safety Health and safety is a shared responsibility o
42、f everyone involved in the recovery industry. Employers and technicians have specific duties under the legal framework and safety rules have to be conscientiously applied. Everyone needs to demonstrate a commitment to safety in all that they do and say. 5.2 Commitment 5.2.1 Setting an example The at
43、titude of an employer affects the attitude of their technicians. The aim should be to approach all activities in a safe manner so that eventually safety becomes a natural part of everyday work. 5.2.2 Hazards and risks Unsafe actions or practices should not be tolerated. A rigorous approach should be
44、 adopted to identify hazards and risks in the workplace and to take appropriate action to control or eliminate them. 5.3 Legislation relating to the safe use of recovery vehicles and equipment All employers and technicians have a duty to make themselves aware of all current legislation relative to t
45、heir industry. A list of the most important health and safety regulations relevant to the safe use of recovery vehicles and equipment is given in annex A. 6 Selection and training of technicians All technicians should receive relevant training, which is task-related, practical and realistic. Technic
46、ians should be able to demonstrate their competence and working knowledge before they are allowed to undertake work activities alone and unsupervised. Technicians should understand their duties and responsibilities relating to the recovery of motor vehicles. They should attend regular refresher and
47、updating courses to ensure they are aware of current legislation, new techniques and advances in equipment. Instruction and training should include the following items: a) the carrying out of daily checks on their vehicle and equipment; b) the legal aspects of recovery work; c) the capabilities and
48、limitations of the various recovery vehicles and the towing and lifting equipment they carry, particularly in relation to weight restrictions; d) safe parking and working procedures at the roadside; e) the formation of a recovery plan; f) the legal requirements when dealing with vehicles carrying ha
49、zardous materials; 3) g) co-operation with police and other emergency services; h) safe and efficient winching techniques; i) safe and efficient loading and towing techniques; safe and efficient driving techniques when towing or transporting a casualty vehicle; j) the completion of necessary documentation; k) customer care. Further details of the minimum content of recovery training courses, for the recovery industry, can be found in annex B. 7 Personal protective equipment Technicians should be supplied with at least the following personal protective equipment (PPE)
