1、BRITISH STANDARD BS 6181:1981 ISO 6589-1981 Method of test for Air permeability of joints in building ISO title: Joints in building Method of test for air permeability of joints UDC 693.224:539.217.5BS6181:1981 This British Standard, having been prepared under the direction of the Basic Data and Per
2、formance Criteria for Civil Engineering and Building Structures Standards Committee, was published under the authority of the Executive Board and comes into effect on 30 November 1981 BSI 01-1999 The following BSI references relate to the work on this standard: Committee reference BDB/4 Draft for co
3、mment 79/10906 DC ISBN 0 580 12401 0 Cooperating organizations The Basic Data and Performance Criteria for Civil Engineering and Building Structures Standards Committee, under whose direction this British Standard was prepared, consists of representatives from the following: The organizations marked
4、 with an asterisk in the above list, together with the following, were directly represented on the Technical Committee entrusted with the preparation of this British Standard: Agrment Board Federation of Associations of Specialists and Aluminium Federation Sub-contractors Association of Building Com
5、ponent Health and Safety Executive Manufacturers Ltd. Incorporated Association of Architects and Association of District Councils Surveyors * Association of Metropolitan Authorities * Institute of Building Brick Development Association * Institution of Civil Engineers * British Constructional Steelw
6、ork Association Institution of Highway Engineers British Precast Concrete Federation Ltd. Institution of Municipal Engineers * British Woodworking Federation * Institution of Structural Engineers * Cement and Concrete Association Ministry of Defence Chartered Institution of Building Services * Modul
7、ar Society Limited * Concrete Society Limited * National Caravan Council Limited Consumer Standards Advisory Committee National Council of Building Materials of BSI Producers * Convention of Scottish Local Authorities National Federation of Building Trades Department of Education and Science * Emplo
8、yers * Department of Health and Social Security Royal Association for Disability Department of the Environment (Building and Rehabilitation Research Establishment) * Royal Institute of British Architects * Department of the Environment (Housing and Royal Institution of Chartered Surveyors * Construc
9、tion) * Scottish Development Department * Department of the Environment (PSA) Timber Research and Development Department of Transport * Association * Environmental Health Officers Association Trades Union Congress * Association of County Councils Institution of Building Control Officers Ltd. Constru
10、ctional Steel Research and Institution of Public Health Engineers Development Organisation Amendments issued since publication Amd. No. Date of issue CommentsBS6181:1981 BSI 01-1999 i Contents Page Cooperating organizations Inside front cover National foreword ii 0 Introduction 1 1 Scope 1 2 Field o
11、f application 1 3 References 1 4 Definitions 1 5 Apparatus 1 6 Preparation of the joint for testing 1 7 Preparation for the test 2 8 Test 2 9 Test results 2 10 Test report 3 Figure Sequence of differential pressure application 4 Publications referred to Inside back coverBS6181:1981 ii BSI 01-1999 Na
12、tional foreword This British Standard has been prepared under the direction of the Basic Data and Performance Criteria for Civil Engineering and Building Structures Standards Committee. It is identical with ISO 6589-1981 “Joints in building Method of test for air permeability of joints” prepared by
13、ISO/TC59, Building construction, and published by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO). Terminology and conventions. The text of the international standard has been approved as suitable for publication as a British Standard without deviation. Some terminology and certain conventi
14、ons are not identical with those used in British Standards; attention is especially drawn to the following. The comma has been used as a decimal marker. It is current practice in British Standards to use a full point on the baseline as the decimal marker. Wherever the words “International Standard”
15、appear, referring to this standard, they should be read as “British Standard”. Cross-references. There are no corresponding British Standards for ISO2444, ISO3447 and ISO6613 (in preparation). The technical committee has reviewed the provisions of these international standards and has decided that t
16、hey are acceptable for use in conjunction with this standard. A related British Standard for ISO2444 is BS4643:1970 “Glossary of terms relating to joints and jointing in building”. Table 2 of BS 6093:1981 “Code of practice for design of joints and jointing in building construction” is based on ISO34
17、47. NOTETextual error. When adopting the text of the international standard a printing error in the caption to the figure was noticed. It has been corrected in this British Standard and has been reported to ISO in a proposal to amend the text of the international standard. A British Standard does no
18、t purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users of British Standards are responsible for their correct application. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. Summary of pages This document comprises a front cover, an inside f
19、ront cover, pagesi andii, pages1to4, an inside back cover and a back cover. This standard has been updated (see copyright date) and may have had amendments incorporated. This will be indicated in the amendment table on theinside front cover.BS6181:1981 BSI 01-1999 1 0 Introduction The establishment
20、of levels of performance for joints in buildings has to be based on tests that will simulate the constraints associated with their behaviour in service. The functions that a joint has to perform have been listed in ISO3447. The method of test proposed deals with pointA.8 of3.1 of ISO3447. The method
21、 has been adapted from a standard test for air permeability of windows. Care should be taken in relating the results of laboratory tests on joints to their actual performance on site. 1 Scope This International Standard specifies the test method to be used in laboratories for assessing the air perme
22、ability of non-opening joints in the exterior walls of buildings. 2 Field of application This International Standard applies to joint between components used in the exterior walls of buildings and fixed according to the manufacturers recommendations. This International Standard does not apply to joi
23、nts within components (for example the joint between glass fixed in a window frame and sealed with a glazing compound), but applies to the joint between glass mounted in a fixed window frame on site. 1) 3 References ISO 2444, Joints in building Vocabulary. ISO 3447, Joints in building General check-
24、list of joint functions. 4 Definitions The definitions given in ISO2444, Joints in building Vocabulary, apply with the following additions: 4.1 differential pressure difference between the absolute air pressure on the external surface of a joint and the absolute air pressure on the internal surface
25、of the same joint. The difference is positive when the external pressure is higher than the internal pressure. In the other case, it is negative. This differential pressure is expressed in pascals (Pa) 4.2 air permeability inability of a joint to resist the passage of air when it is submitted to a d
26、ifferential pressure across it. The air permeability is characterized by a flow of air expressed in cubic metres per hour per metre as a function of the differential pressure NOTEThis flow may be related to joint length (flow per unit of length in cubic metres per hour per metre), or, for a junction
27、 2)between two joints, to the flow at the junction (flow in cubic metres per hour). Where the distribution of joints (length and junction) in an element is known, the flow may also be related to the element surface area (flow per unit of surface in cubic metres per hour per square metre). 5 Apparatu
28、s The basic test apparatus shall consist of the following: 5.1 Chamber which can be sealed and pressurized with an opening in one side into which a length of joint at least1m long and associated components can be fitted. 5.2 Means of providing a controlled differential pressure across the joint. 5.3
29、 Device for rapid controlled changes of the differential pressure operating between defined limits. 5.4 Means of measuring the flow of air into or out of the chamber. 5.5 Means of measuring the differential pressure between the two faces of the joint, i.e.between the joint surfaces at any part of th
30、e wall or of the partition to be tested. 6 Preparation of the joint for testing The joint to be tested shall be installed between actual components so as to withstand the test differential pressures without deflecting to an extent likely to impair the joint or affect its performance. The components
31、surrounding the joint shall be chosen to represent the nature of the surface likely to occur in practice. Any irregularities on that part of the component surface in contact with any jointing product shall be tested for their effect on air permeability. The joint shall be installed so that its exter
32、nal surface forms a part of the internal face of one wall of the chamber for a positive differential pressure and vice versa for a negative differential pressure (see8.3). 1) See also ISO 6613, Windows and door height windows Air permeability test (At present at the stage of draft). 2) Intersections
33、 of joints.BS6181:1981 2 BSI 01-1999 7 Preparation for the test Extraneous air leakage from the chamber, not imputable to the joint, shall be measured and preferably eliminated. When the extraneous chamber air leakage is measured, it shall be determined with the joint specimen sealed and at the diff
34、erential pressures to be exerted during the joint air permeability tests. (Care must be taken to ensure that the joint is well sealed over its face and at its ends.) The metering equipment for the measurement of the air permeability of the joint may be used for measuring the extraneous air leakage o
35、r it may be necessary to provide additional air metering equipment. The method adopted to measure the air leakage shall be stated in the test report. The air temperature of the laboratory and the test chamber shall be measured and recorded in the report. 8 Test 8.1 Tests for the following four condi
36、tions of installation shall be made to determine the effects of dimensional deviations: a) Nominal joint width with the external surfaces of the adjacent components forming the joint correctly aligned. b) Minimum specified joint width with the external surfaces of the adjacent components forming the
37、 joint correctly aligned. c) Maximum specified joint width with the external surfaces of the adjacent components forming the joint correctly aligned. d) Joint width varying from minimum to maximum width along length, and with adjacent components forming the joint misaligned in the opposite direction
38、 to the plane of the component surfaces (in the direction perpendicular to the faces of the components) within the given limits. Junctions between joints shall also be tested under the conditions a) to d) above. To test a junction, for example, between a vertical joint and a horizontal joint, first
39、test the junction formed between lengths of the two types of joint and then test separate lengths of the two types. The effect of the junction itself is then calculated by subtracting the air flows through the two separate joints (correcting for length as appropriate) from the air flow through the c
40、omplete assembly. 8.2 Three positive differential pressure pulses increasing from0to maximum over a period greater than1s shall be applied to the test chamber. Each pressure shall be maintained for at least 3s. These pressures shall be10% higher than the maximum differential pressure P maxrequired f
41、or the following part of the test (see8.3) without however being less than500Pa (see Figure). 8.3 The joint shall then be subjected to increasingpositive differential pressures in stages of at least 10s duration up to the maximum differential pressure required for the test. This maximum differential
42、 pressure is to be calculated from the velocity of the wind acting on the joint in its intended location in use. These differential pressures shall be50, 100, 150, 200, 300, 400, 500, and600Pa and can then be increased gradually in steps of250Pa maximum if the differential pressure required for the
43、test is, exceptionally, higher than600Pa. The differential pressures shall then be applied in the reverse order. The Figure shows the sequence of operations for a required differential pressure Pmax less than600Pa, for example of300Pa, see part a) of theFigure and for a required differential pressur
44、e of Pmax greater than600Pa, for example of700Pa, see part b) of theFigure. 8.4 The test shall be repeated with negative differential pressures by reversing the installation of the joint so that its interior surface forms a part of the internal face of one wall of the chamber. 9 Test results The air
45、 permeability at each differential pressure shall be recorded to the nearest0,1m 3 /h. The higher of the two flow readings for each pressure (measured once during the increasing phase and then during the decreasing phase) shall be noted in the report. In addition, the accuracy to be expected from th
46、e measuring instruments used shall be indicated in the report. For each joint tested, the air permeability expressed as cubic metres of air per hour shall be recorded: a) per metre of length of each type of joint; b) for each junction location (intersection of joints). In addition, if the distributi
47、on of joints (length and junctions) for an element is known, the flow per unit of surface of the element can be given. The air permeability shall be plotted against increasing differential pressure and the graphs shall be included in the report. If necessary, corrections shall be made for any extran
48、eous air leakage from the chamber (seeclause7).BS6181:1981 BSI 01-1999 3 10 Test report The test report shall include at least: a) a diagram of the test apparatus or its reference; b) details of installing the test joint; c) ambient air temperature of the laboratory and test chamber at the time of t
49、esting; d) the method of measuring the extraneous air leakage of the test chamber and its value in cubic metres per hour at each differential pressure; e) a full description of the joint with sectional diagrams to show its construction and specifications of any jointing products and any junction; f) the results obtained during each test in accordance with clause9; g) the name of the testing organization and the date of the test. The report shall state explicitly that the results are valid only for the conditions under which the test was made.BS 6181:1981 4
