1、 Third Edition Manual of Water Supply Practices M45 Fiberglass Pipe DesignManual of Water Supply PracticesM45, Third Edition Fiberglass Pipe Design Copyright 1996, 2005, 2014 American Water Works Association All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any for
2、m or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopy, recording, or any information or retrieval system, except in the form of brief excerpts or quotations for review purposes, without the written permission of the publisher. Disclaimer The authors, contributors, editors, and publisher d
3、o not assume responsibility for the validity of the content or any consequences of their use. In no event will AWWA be liable for direct, indirect, special, incidental, or consequential damages arising out of the use of information presented in this book. In particular, AWWA will not be responsible
4、for any costs, including, but not limited to, those incurred as a result of lost revenue. In no event shall AWWAs liability exceed the amount paid for the purchase of this book. Project Manager/Senior Technical Editor: Melissa Valentine Manuals Specialist: Molly Beach Production Editor: Cheryl Armst
5、rong Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Fiberglass pipe design manual.Fiberglass pipe design. - Third edition / Richard C. Turkopp, Phillip Sharff.pages cm - (Manual of water supply practices ; M45)D e v e l o p e d b y t h e A m e r i c a n W a t e r W o r k s A s s o c i a t i o n
6、, F i b e r g l a s s P i p e D e s i gn M a n u a l S u b c o m m i tt e e chaired by Richard C. Turkopp and the Standards Committee on Thermosetting Fiberglass Reinforced Plastic Pipe chaired by Phillip Sharff.Originally edition published as: Fiberglass pipe design manual. 1996.Includes bibliograp
7、hical references and index.ISBN 978-1-58123-967-6 - ISBN 978-1-61300-246-9 (eISBN) 1. Fiberglass pipe-Design and construction. 2. Water-pipes-Design and construction. I. Turkopp, Richard C. II. Sharff, Phillip. III. American Water Works Association. IV. Title. TA448.F53 2013628.15-dc23 2013028156Pri
8、nted on recycled paper Printed in the United States of America American Water Works Association 6666 West Quincy Avenue Denver, CO 80235-3098 awwa.org ISBN: 978-1-58321-967-6 eISBN: 978-1-61300-246-9iii Contents AWWA Manual M45 List of Figures, v List of Tables, xii Preface, xi Acknowledgments, xiii
9、 Chapter 1 History and Use . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 1.1 Introduction, 1 1.2 History, 1 1.3 Applications, 2 1.4 Standards, Specifications, and Reference Documents, 2 1.5 Terminology, 7 Chapter 2 Materials, Properties, and Ch
10、aracteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 2.1 General, 9 2.2 Characteristics 9 2.3 The Material System, 10 2.4 Other Components, 12 2.5 Physical Properties, 12 2.6 Mechanical Properties, 14 Chapter 3 Manufacturing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
11、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 3.1 Introduction, 17 3.2 Filament Winding, 17 3.3 Centrifugal Casting, 21 3.4 Reference, 22 Chapter 4 Hydraulics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23 4.1 Hydraulic Characteristics, 23
12、 4.2 Preliminary Pipe Sizing, 23 4.3 Typical Pipe Diameters, 24 4.4 Pressure Reduction Calculations, 24 4.5 Head Loss Fittings, 29 4.6 Energy Consumption Calculation Procedure, 29 4.7 Pressure Surge, 31 4.8 Design Examples, 32 4.9 References, 37 Chapter 5 Buried Pipe Design . . . . . . . . . . . . .
13、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39 5.1 Introduction, 39 5.2 Terminology, 40 5.3 Design Conditions, 42 5.4 Pipe Properties, 42 5.5 Installation Parameters, 43 5.6 Design Procedure, 43 5.7 Design Calculations and Requirements, 44 5.8 Axial Loads, 61 5.9 Special Design
14、Considerations, 61iv Fiberglass Pi Pe Design AWWA Manual M45 5.10 Design Example, 61 5.11 References, 68 Chapter 6 Guidelines for Underground Installation of Fiberglass Pipe . . . . . . . . . 69 6.1 Introduction, 69 6.2 Related Documents, 70 6.3 Terminology, 71 6.4 In Situ Soils, 73 6.5 Embedment Ma
15、terials, 73 6.6 Trench Excavation, 77 6.7 Pipe Installation, 80 6.8 Field Monitoring, 85 6.9 Contract Document Recommendations, 86 6.10 Reference, 86 Chapter 7 Buried Pipe Thrust Restraints . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87 7.1 Unbalanced Thrust Forces, 87 7.
16、2 Thrust Resistance, 88 7.3 Thrust Blocks, 89 7.4 Joints With Small Deflections, 91 7.5 Restrained (Tied) Joints, 93 Chapter 8 Aboveground Pipe Design and Installation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99 8.1 Introduction, 99 8.2 Thermal Expansion and Contraction, 99 8.3 Thermal Expans
17、ion Design, 100 8.4 Supports, Anchors, and Guides, 105 8.5 Bending, 110 8.6 Thermal Conductivity, 110 8.7 Heat Tracing, 111 8.8 Characteristics and Properties, 111 8.9 Design Examples, 113 Chapter 9 Joining Systems, Fittings, and Specials . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 119 9.1
18、 Introduction, 119 9.2 Fiberglass Pipe Joining Systems Classification, 119 9.3 Gasket Requirements , 120 9.4 Joining Systems Description, 120 9.5 Assembly of Bonded, Threaded, and Flanged Joints , 127 9.6 Fittings and Specials, 130 9.7 Service Line Connections , 134 9.8 Reference, 134 Chapter 10 Shi
19、pping, Handling, Storage, and Repair . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 135 10.1 Introduction, 135 10.2 Shipping, 135 10.3 Handling, 136 10.4 Storage, 139 10.5 Repair, 140 Glossary, 143 Index, 149 List of AWWA Manuals, 157v AWWA Manual M45 Figures2-1 Typical circumferential stress-str
20、ain curves, 152-2 Typical axial stress-strain curves, 152-3 Static versus cyclic pressure testing, 163-1 Filament winding process, 183-2 Application of impregnated glass reinforcement of a filament-wound pipe, 193-3 Continuous advancing mandrel method, 193-4 Finished pipe emerging from curing oven,
21、203-5 Preformed glass reinforcement sleeve method, 203-6 Chopped glass reinforcement method, 213-7 Application of glass, resin, and sand, 224-1 Friction pressure loss due to water flow through fiberglass pipe, 254-2 Moody diagram for determination of friction factor for turbulent flow, 285-1 Distrib
22、ution of AASHTO HS-20 or HS-25 live load through granular fill for h 45 in. (1.14 m), 505-2 AASHTO HS-20 live load, soil load (120 lb/ft 3 ), and total load graph, 525-3 AASHTO HS-25 live load, soil load (120 lb/ft 3 ), and total load graph, 535-4 Cooper E80 live load, soil load (120 lb/ft 3 ), and
23、total load graph, 536-1 Trench cross-section terminology, 726-2 Examples of bedding support, 806-3 Accommodating differential settlement, 816-4 Cross-over of adjacent piping systems, 826-5 Proper compaction under haunches, 837-1 Thrust force definitions, 887-2 Typical thrust blocking of a horizontal
24、 bend, 897-3 Typical profile of vertical bend thrust blocking, 917-4 Restraint of thrust at deflected joints on long-radius horizontal curves, 927-5 Computation diagram for earth loads on trench conduits, 947-6 Restraint of uplift thrust at deflected joints on long-radius vertical curves, 957-7 Thru
25、st restraint with tied joints at bends, 957-8 Length of tied pipe on each leg of vertical (uplift) bend, 978-1 Typical expansion joint installation, 1028-2 Expansion loop dimensions, 1038-3 Directional change, 1048-4 Guide support, 1058-5 Anchor support, 1068-6 Typical support, 1078-7 Fiberglass wea
26、r protection cradle, 1098-8 Steel wear protection cradle, 1098-9 Vertical support, 110vi Fiberglass Pi Pe Design AWWA Manual M459-1 Tapered bell-and-spigot joint, 1219-2 Straight bell and straight spigot joint, 1219-3 Tapered bell and straight spigot joint, 1229-4 Overlay joint construction, 1229-5
27、Overlay joint, 1229-6 Tapered ends overlay joint, 1239-7 Bell-and-spigot overlay joint, 1239-8 Single-gasket bell-and-spigot joint, 1239-9 Single-gasket spigot, 1249-10 Double-gasket bell-and-spigot joint, 1249-11 Double-gasket spigot, 1249-12 Gasketed coupling joint, 1259-13 Gasketed coupling joint
28、cross section, 1259-14 Restrained-gasketed bell-and-spigot joint, 1259-15 Restrained-gasketed coupling joint, 1269-16 Restrained-gasketed threaded bell-and-spigot O-ring joint, 1269-17 Fiberglass flange to fiberglass and steel flange joint, 1279-18 Fiberglass flanges to flanged steel valve connectio
29、n, 1279-19 Fiberglass flange with grooved face for O-ring seal, 1279-20 Mechanical coupling joint, 1289-21 Compression molded fittings, 1319-22 Flanged compression molded fittings, 1319-23 Mitered fitting configurations, 1329-24 Mitered fitting, 1329-25 Mitered fitting fabrication, 1329-26 Mitered f
30、ittings, 1339-27 Mitered fitting field fabrication, 1339-28 Fittings field assembly, 13310-1 Pipe shipment by truck, 13610-2 Single-sling handling, 13710-3 Double-sling handling, 13710-4 Unitized small-diameter bundle, 13710-5 Unitized load handling, 13810-6 Handling nested pipes, 13810-7 Denesting
31、pipes, 13910-8 Pipe stacking, 14010-9 Patch, 14110-10 Cut out and replace, 14110-11 Steel coupling, 141vii AWWA Manual M45 Tables2-1 Mechanical properties range, 134-1 Typical K factors for fiberglass fittings, 295-1 Shape factors D f , 475-2 AASHTO HS-20, HS-25, and Cooper E80 live loads (psi), 525
32、-3 Soil classification chart, 555-4 M sbbased on soil type and comp action condition (see chapter 6), 565-5 Values for the soil support combining factor S c , 585-6 Values for the constrained modulus of the native soil at pipe zone elevation, 585-7 Conditions and parameters for design example, 626-1
33、 Soil classes, 746-2 Recommendations for installation and use of soils and aggregates for foundation and pipe zone embedment, 756-3 Maximum particle size for pipe embedment, 767-1 Horizontal soil-bearing strengths, 908-1 Minimum support width for 120 contact supports, 1088-2 Design example calculati
34、ons, 113This page intentionally blank.ix AWWA Manual M45 T h i s m a n ua l i s t h e t h i r d e d i t i on o f A W W A M a n ua l M 4 5 , Fiberglass Pipe Design . It p r o - v i d e s t he r e a d er w i t h b o t h t e c h n i c a l a n d g e n er a l i n f o r m a t i o n t o a i d i n t he d e
35、s i g n , s p e c i f i - c a t i on , p r o c u r e m e n t , i n s t a l l a t i on , a n d u n d e r s t a n d i n g o f f i b e r g l a s s p i p e a n d f i t t i n gs . T h e m a n ua l i s a d i s c u s si on o f r e c o m m e n d e d p r a c t i c e , n o t a n A W W A s t a n d a r d c a l
36、l i n g f o r c o m - p l i a n c e w i t h c e r t a i n r e q u i r e m e n t s . I t i s i n t e n d e d f o r u s e b y u t i l i t i e s a n d m u n i c i p a l i t i e s o f a l l si z e s , w h e t h e r a s a r e f e r e n c e b o o k o r t e x t b o o k f o r t h o s e n o t f u l l y f a m
37、 i l i a r w i t h f i b e r - g l a s s p i p e a n d f i t t i n g p r o d u c t s . D e si g n e n g i ne e r s a n d c on s u l t a n t s m a y u s e t h i s m a n ua l i n p r e p a r i n g p l a n s a n d sp e c i f i c a t i on s f o r ne w f i b e r g l a s s p i p e d e si g n p r o j e c t
38、 s . T h e m a n ua l c o v e r s f i b e r g l a s s p i p e a n d f i t t i n g p r o d u c t s a n d c e r t a i n a p p u r t e n a n c e s a n d t h e i r a p p l i c a t i on t o p r a c t i c a l i n s t a l l a t i on s , w h e t h e r o f a s t a n d a r d o r sp e c i a l n a t u r e . F o
39、 r a d e q ua t e k n o w l e d g e o f t h e s e p r o d u c t s , t h e e n t i r e m a n ua l s h o u l d b e s t u d i e d . R e a d - e r s w i l l a l s o f i n d t h e m a n ua l a u s e f u l s o u r c e o f i n f o r m a t i on w h e n a s si s t a n c e i s ne e d e d w i t h sp e c i f i
40、c o r u n u s ua l c on d i t i on s . T h e m a n ua l c on t a i n s a l i s t o f a p p l i c a b l e n a t i on a l s t a n - d a r d s, wh ic h m a y b e p u r c h a s e d f r om t h e r e s p e c t ive s t a nd a r d s or ga n i z at io n s ( e. g . , A me r i- c a n W a t e r W o r k s A s s
41、o c i a t i on , A m e r i c a n S o c i e t y f o r T e s t i n g a n d M a t e r i a l s , e t c . ) . T h i s t h i r d e d i t i on i n c l u d e s u pd a t e s t o s o i l c l a s si f i c a t i on s t h a t u n i f y t h e t e r m i n o l - o g y f o r a l l p i p i n g m a t e r i a l s , c o
42、 r r e c t i on s t o t h e p r e s s u r e s u r g e c a l c u l a t i on s , a n d e d i t o r i a l c h a n g e s t o i m p r o v e u n d e r s t a n d i n g a n d c l a r i t y o f c on t e n t . Preface This page intentionally blank.xi AWWA Manual M45 T h e A m e r ic a n W at e r W ork s A s s
43、 o c i at io n ( A W W A ) Fiberglass Pipe Design M a nu a l S u b - c o m m i t t e e , w h i c h d e v e l o p e d t h i s e d i t i on o f t h e M 4 5 m a n ua l , h a d t h e f o l l o w i n g p e r s on ne l a t t h e t i m e : Richard C. Turkopp, C h a i r S. Curran, F i b e r g l a s s T a n
44、k a n d P i p e I n s t i t u t e , H o u s t on , T e x a s ( A W W A ) D.M. Flancher * , S t a f f E n g i ne e r L i a i s on , A W W A , D e n v e r , C o l o . ( A W W A ) N.E. Kampbell, R e h a b i l i t a t i on R e s o u r c e S o l u t i on s I n c . , L L S , H i l l i a r d , O h i o ( A
45、W W A ) D. Kozman, R S T e c h n i k , H i l l i a r d , O h i o ( A W W A ) A.M. May, A l f r e d M . M a y C on s u l t i n g S e r v i c e s , L i t t l e R o c k , A r k . ( A W W A ) T.J. McGrath, T J M c G r a t h , L L C , A r l i n g t on , M a s s . ( A W W A ) L. Pearson, V e r o B e a c h
46、 , F l a . ( A W W A ) P.A. Sharff, S i m p s on G u m p e r t z H e g e r I n c . , W a l t h a m , M a s s . ( A W W A ) R. Turkopp, H o b a s P i p e U S A , H o u s t on , T e x a s ( A W W A ) T h i s e d i t i on o f t h e m a n ua l w a s a l s o r e v i e w e d a n d a p p r o v e d b y t h
47、e A W W A S t a n - d a r d s C o u n c i l a n d t h e S t a n d a r d s C o m m i t t e e on T h e r m o s e t t i n g F i b e r g l a s s R e i n f o r c e d P l a s t i c P i p e . T h e S t a n d a r d s C o m m i t t e e on T h e r m o s e t t i n g F i b e r g l a s s R e i n f o r c e d P l
48、a s t i c P i p e h a d t h e f o l l o w i n g p e r s on ne l a t t h e t i m e o f a p p r o v a l : Phillip Sharff, C h a i r Utility Members L. Bowles, U S B u r e a u o f R e c l a m a t i on , D e n v e r , C o l o . ( A W W A ) General Interest Members S.J. Abrera Jr., S o u t h P a s a d e
49、n a , C a l i f . ( A W W A ) J.P. Biro, H o u s t on , T e x a s ( A W W A ) D.M. Flancher * , S t a f f E n g i ne e r L i a i s on , A W W A , D e n v e r , C o l o . ( A W W A ) M.W. Grimm * , T h e C a d m u s G r o u p I n c . , H a p p y V a l l e y , O r e . ( A W W A ) J.K. Jeyapalan, D r . J e y a p a l a n a n d A s s o c i a t e s , N e w M i l f o r d , C on n . ( A W W A ) R.A. Johnson, R u s s c o r E n g i ne e r i n g , N a p l e s , F l a . ( A W W A ) N.E. Kampbell, R e h a b i l i a t a t i on R e s o u r c e S o l u t i on s , L L C , H i l l i a r d , O h i
