1、 ATIS-0700018 ATIS Standard on - CAPACITY AND PERFORMANCE OF TDMA-SC RTT As a leading technology and solutions development organization, the Alliance for Telecommunications Industry Solutions (ATIS) brings together the top global ICT companies to advance the industrys most pressing business prioriti
2、es. ATIS nearly 200 member companies are currently working to address the All-IP transition, network functions virtualization, big data analytics, cloud services, device solutions, emergency services, M2M, cyber security, network evolution, quality of service, billing support, operations, and much m
3、ore. These priorities follow a fast-track development lifecycle from design and innovation through standards, specifications, requirements, business use cases, software toolkits, open source solutions, and interoperability testing. ATIS is accredited by the American National Standards Institute (ANS
4、I). The organization is the North American Organizational Partner for the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP), a founding Partner of the oneM2M global initiative, a member of and major U.S. contributor to the International Telecommunication Union (ITU), as well as a member of the Inter-America
5、n Telecommunication Commission (CITEL). For more information, visit www.atis.org. Notice of Disclaimer & Limitation of Liability The information provided in this document is directed solely to professionals who have the appropriate degree of experience to understand and interpret its contents in acc
6、ordance with generally accepted engineering or other professional standards and applicable regulations. No recommendation as to products or vendors is made or should be implied. NO REPRESENTATION OR WARRANTY IS MADE THAT THE INFORMATION IS TECHNICALLY ACCURATE OR SUFFICIENT OR CONFORMS TO ANY STATUT
7、E, GOVERNMENTAL RULE OR REGULATION, AND FURTHER, NO REPRESENTATION OR WARRANTY IS MADE OFMERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR ANY PARTICULAR PURPOSE OR AGAINST INFRINGEMENT OF INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS. ATIS SHALL NOT BE LIABLE, BEYOND THE AMOUNT OF ANY SUM RECEIVED IN PAYMENT BY ATIS FOR THIS DOCUMENT
8、, AND IN NO EVENT SHALL ATIS BE LIABLE FOR LOST PROFITS OR OTHER INCIDENTAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES. ATIS EXPRESSLY ADVISES THAT ANY AND ALL USE OF OR RELIANCE UPON THE INFORMATION PROVIDED IN THIS DOCUMENT IS AT THE RISK OF THE USER. NOTE - The users attention is called to the possibility that com
9、pliance with this standard may require use of an invention covered by patent rights. By publication of this standard, no position is taken with respect to whether use of an invention covered by patent rights will be required, and if any such use is required no position is taken regarding the validit
10、y of this claim or any patent rights in connection therewith. Please refer to http:/www.atis.org/legal/patentinfo.asp to determine if any statement has been filed by a patent holder indicating a willingness to grant a license either without compensation or on reasonable and non-discriminatory terms
11、and conditions to applicants desiring to obtain a license. ATIS-0700018, Capacity and Performance of TDMA-SC RTT Is an American National Standard developed by the Radio Access Network (RAN) Subcommittee under the ATIS Wireless Technologies and Systems Committee (WTSC). Published by Alliance for Tele
12、communications Industry Solutions 1200 G Street, NW, Suite 500 Washington, DC 20005 Copyright 2015 by Alliance for Telecommunications Industry Solutions All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced in any form, in an electronic retrieval system or otherwise, without the prior w
13、ritten permission of the publisher. For information contact ATIS at 202.628.6380. ATIS is online at . i ATIS-0700018 ATIS Standard on Capacity and Performance of TDMA-SC RTT Alliance for Telecommunications Industry Solutions Approved June 2015 Abstract This document provides a standard for evaluatin
14、g the capacity and performance of Time Division Multiple Access-Single Carrier (TDMA-SC) Radio Transmission Technology (RTT) by performing system level simulations for High Speed (HS) outdoor and Wideband General Packet Radio Service (WGPRS) HS indoor. ATIS-0700018 ii Foreword The Alliance for Telec
15、ommunication Industry Solutions (ATIS) serves the public through improved understanding between providers, customers, and manufacturers. The Wireless Technologies and Systems Committee (WTSC) develops and recommends standards and technical reports related to wireless and/or mobile services and syste
16、ms, including service descriptions and wireless technologies. WTSC develops and recommends positions on related subjects under consideration in other North American, regional and international standards bodies. The mandatory requirements are designated by the word shall and recommendations by the wo
17、rd should. Where both a mandatory requirement and a recommendation are specified for the same criterion, the recommendation represents a goal currently identifiable as having distinct compatibility or performance advantages. The word may denotes a optional capability that could augment the standard.
18、 The standard is fully functional without the incorporation of this optional capability. Suggestions for improvement of this document are welcome. They should be sent to the Alliance for Telecommunications Industry Solutions, WTSC, 1200 G Street NW, Suite 500, Washington, DC 20005. At the time of co
19、nsensus on this document, WTSC, which was responsible for its development, had the following leadership: M. Younge, WTSC Chair (T-Mobile) D. Zelmer, WTSC Vice-Chair (AT&T) J. Ragsdale, WTSC RAN Chair (Ericsson) F. Khatibi, WTSC RAN Vice-Chair (Qualcomm) The Radio Access Network RAN Subcommittee was
20、responsible for the development of this document. ATIS-0700018 iii Table of Contents 1 System Level Simulations for HS Outdoor . 1 1.1 Static Capacity Simulation . 1 1.1.1 Load Effects 3 1.1.2 Coverage Simulations 4 1.2 Dynamic System Simulations 6 1.2.1 Traffic Model . 6 1.2.2 Simulation . 7 1.2.3
21、384 kbit/s Service Results 7 2 WGPRS HS Indoor Simulations . 11 2.1 Link Level Results 11 2.1.1 Validation of Simulation Chains 12 2.1.2 LCD 384 in ITU Indoor A 13 2.1.3 LCD 144 in ITU Outdoor to Indoor A 14 2.1.4 UDD 144 in ITU Indoor A 17 2.1.5 UDD 144 in ITU Outdoor to Indoor A 19 2.1.6 UDD 384 i
22、n ITU Indoor A 21 2.1.7 UDD 384 in ITU Outdoor to Indoor A 23 2.1.8 UDD 2048 in ITU Indoor A 25 2.1.9 Effect of Frequency Hopping on Packet Services 27 2.2 System Level Results 28 2.2.1 Basic Assumptions . 28 2.2.2 System Level Performance Results . 31 2.3 Discussion 36 3 Deployment Model Result Mat
23、rix 36 4 Appendix A: Acronyms 41 Table of Figures Figure 1.1 Throughput distribution obtained from static simulation with PCS-6 through PCS-1 for Pedestrian A Environment. 2 Figure 1.2 Throughput distribution obtained from static simulation with PCS-6 through PCS-1 for Vehicular A50 Environment. 3 F
24、igure 1.3 Spectral Efficiency as a Function of Offered Load for Pedestrian A Environment 4 Figure 1.4 Coverage with mobile receiver diversity for Pedestrian A Environment 5 Figure 1.5 Coverage with mobile receiver diversity for Vehicular A50 Environment 5 Figure 1.6 Coverage with mobile receiver div
25、ersity for Vehicular A120 Environment 6 Figure 1.7 Spectral Efficiency Performance for 384 kbit/s Packet Data Service Environment A. 8 Figure 1.8 Loading Performance for 384 kbit/s Packet Data Service Environment A. . 9 Figure 1.9 Spectral Efficiency Performance for 384 kbit/s Packet Data Service En
26、vironment B. 10 Figure 1.10 Loading Performance for 384 kbit/s Packet Data Service Environment B. . 11 Figure 2.1 Simulated results compared to theoretical value in AWGN channel (overhead due to training sequence and tail bits is not taken into account in Ec/N0) . 13 Figure 2.2 Simulated results com
27、pared to theoretical value in 1-path Rayleigh fading channel 13 Figure 2.3 LCD 384 in ITU Indoor A, C/I . 14 Figure 2.4 LCD 144 BER vs. C/I in ITU Outdoor to Indoor A, DL . 16 Figure 2.5 LCD 144 BER vs. Eb/N0in ITU Outdoor to Indoor A, UL . 16 ATIS-0700018 iv Figure 2.6 UDD 144 throughput (kbit/s) v
28、s. Eb/N0in ITU Indoor A, UL . 17 Figure 2.7 UDD 144 throughput (kbit/s) vs. Eb/N0in ITU Indoor A, DL . 18 Figure 2.8 UDD 144 throughput (kbit/s) vs. C/I in ITU Indoor A, UL . 18 Figure 2.9 UDD 144 throughput (kbit/s) vs. C/I in ITU Indoor A, DL . 18 Figure 2.10 UDD 144 throughput (kbit/s) vs. Eb/N0i
29、n ITU Outdoor to Indoor A, DL . 19 Figure 2.11 UDD 144 throughput (kbit/s) vs. Eb/N0in ITU Outdoor to Indoor A, UL . 20 Figure 2.12 UDD 144 throughput (kbit/s) vs. C/I in ITU Outdoor to Indoor A, DL . 20 Figure 2.13 UDD 144 throughput (kbit/s) vs. C/I in ITU Outdoor to Indoor A, UL . 20 Figure 2.14
30、UDD 144 throughput (kbit/s) vs. Eb/N0in ITU Indoor A, DL . 21 Figure 2.15 UDD 144 throughput (kbit/s) vs. Eb/N0in ITU Indoor A, UL . 22 Figure 2.16 UDD 144 throughput (kbit/s) vs. C/I in ITU Indoor A, DL . 22 Figure 2.17 UDD 144 throughput (kbit/s) vs. C/I in ITU Indoor A, UL . 22 Figure 2.18 UDD 14
31、4 throughput (kbit/s) vs. Eb/N0in ITU Outdoor to Indoor A, DL . 23 Figure 2.19 UDD 144 throughput (kbit/s) vs. Eb/N0in ITU Outdoor to Indoor A, UL . 24 Figure 2.20 UDD 144 throughput (kbit/s) vs. C/I in ITU Outdoor to Indoor A, DL . 24 Figure 2.21 UDD 144 throughput (kbit/s) vs. C/I in ITU Outdoor t
32、o Indoor A, UL . 24 Figure 2.22 UDD 2048 throughput (kbit/s) vs. Eb/N0in ITU Indoor A, DL . 25 Figure 2.23 UDD 2048 throughput (kbit/s) vs. Eb/N0in ITU Indoor A, UL . 26 Figure 2.24 UDD 2048 throughput (kbit/s) vs. C/I in ITU Indoor A, DL . 26 Figure 2.25 UDD 2048 throughput (kbit/s) vs. C/I in ITU
33、Indoor A, UL . 26 Figure 2.26 ARQ with (FH) and without (FF) frequency hopping 27 Figure 2.27 Delay distribution for non-hopping UDD 28 Figure 2.28 Delay distribution for hopping UDD 28 Figure 2.29 Block diagram of interface for RT bearers . 31 Figure 2.30 Histogram for session throughputs. . 32 Fig
34、ure 2.31 Histogram for needed transmissions per hybrid II ARQ packet. Both Q-O-QAM and B-O-QAM packet are included. 33 Figure 2.32 Histogram for session throughputs. . 34 Figure 2.33 Histogram for needed transmissions per hybrid II ARQ packet. Both Q-O-QAM and B-O-QAM packet are included. 34 Figure
35、2.34 Histogram for session throughputs. . 35 Figure 2.35 Histogram for needed transmissions per hybrid II ARQ packet. Both Q-O-QAM and B-O-QAM packet are included. 35 Table of Tables Table 1.1 Summary of static system simulation results for Pedestrian A. 2 Table 1.2 Summary of static system simulati
36、on results for Vehicular A50 Environment 3 Table 2.2 Link level assumptions and technical choices 12 Table 2.3 Summary of the system simulation results . 31 ATIS TANDARD ATIS-0700018 ATIS Standard on Capacity & Performance of TDMA-SC RTT 1 1 System Level Simulations for HS Outdoor 1.1 Static Capacit
37、y Simulation In order to evaluate the system performance of the TDMA-SC Radio Transmission Technology (RTT) HS Outdoor concept, static packet data simulations have been performed. The following assumptions have been made: 1/3 reuse. No frequency hopping. Log-normal fading with standard deviation of
38、10 dB. Path loss according to M.1225 Models. Pedestrian A, Vehicular A50, and Vehicular A120 environments. Exponentially distributed packet size with a mean of 1600 bytes. Branch Maximum Ratio Combining (MRC) diversity is used. No power control is assumed. Ideal Link adaptation is performed every 10
39、0 ms, i.e., 5 coding blocks. The time step of the simulator is 20 ms, corresponding to one coding block. This means that the interference situation can change 5 times during one link adaptation interval. The throughput is measured after channel decoding. The offered load was fixed for all cases. The
40、 throughput per carrier distribution for ideal link adaptation is analyzed with fractional loading from which the aggregate average throughput for users in the system is determined. The spectrum efficiency is then evaluated. The spectrum efficiency is calculated in the system simulations as: Where S
41、iis the throughput of user i, N is the number of served users, M is the number of cells, and W is the total available spectrum. Figure 1.1 shows the throughput distribution for ideal link adaptation, with 8 Level Phase Shift Keying (PSK) coding schemes 8 PSK Coding Scheme (PCS)-1 to PCS-6 for link a
42、daptation. This static simulation uses 40% load and mobile station antenna diversity. Table 1.1 summarizes aggregate average throughput/user and spectrum efficiency for this Pedestrian A simulation. cellMHzsMbitMWSNii/1ATIS-0700018 2 Figure 1.1 Throughput distribution obtained from static simulation
43、 with PCS-6 through PCS-1 for Pedestrian A Environment. Table 1.1 Summary of static system simulation results for Pedestrian A. Aggregate Average throughput/ Timeslot 50.75 kbit/s Aggregate Average throughput/ Carrier 406 kbit/s Spectrum Efficiency 0.813 Mbit/s/MHz/site Figure 1.2 shows the throughp
44、ut distribution for the Vehicular A50 environment. This static simulation uses 30% load and mobile station antenna diversity. Table 1.2 summarizes aggregate average throughput/user and spectrum efficiency for this Vehicular A50 simulation. 0 100 200 300 400 500 60000.10.20.30.40.50.60.70.80.91C.D.F.
45、Pedestrian A 3 km/h with diversityThroughput S kbpsATIS-0700018 3 Figure 1.2 Throughput distribution obtained from static simulation with PCS-6 through PCS-1 for Vehicular A50 Environment. Table 1.2 Summary of static system simulation results for Vehicular A50 Environment Aggregate Average throughpu
46、t/ Timeslot 48.75 kbit/s Aggregate Average throughput/ Carrier 390 kbit/s Spectrum Efficiency 0.585 Mbit/s/MHz/site These results indicate that in the low speed vehicular environment an aggregate average throughput greater than 384 kbit/s is obtained even with the simple equalizer. These results wou
47、ld improve with the more complex equalizer. 1.1.1 Load Effects There will be a trade-off between the spectrum efficiency and the quality in the network. System simulations show that by increasing the load (even up to 100%), the spectrum efficiency will increase. However, the throughput for individua
48、l users will drop and may result in low throughput. Figure 1.3 shows the spectrum efficiency for the Pedestrian A environment as a function of Load. 0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 50000.10.20.30.40.50.60.70.80.91C.D.F.Vehicular A 50 km/h with diversityThroughput S kbpsATIS-0700018 4 Pedestrian
49、 A Spectral Efficiency Vs Load00.20.40.60.811.21.41.61.840% 50%Percent Load100%Mbit/s/MHz/siteFigure 1.3 Spectral Efficiency as a Function of Offered Load for Pedestrian A Environment 1.1.2 Coverage Simulations Figure 1.4 shows how the throughput varies over the cell area for the Pedestrian environment. Note that smart antennas are not assumed. Smart antennas will of course further increase the coverage. The results are shown using an
