1、Designation: F3158 16Standard Practice forPatron Transportation Conveyors Used with a Water RelatedAmusement Ride or Device1This standard is issued under the fixed designation F3158; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision,
2、the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This practice applies to the classification, design,manufacture, construction, and operation of patron tra
3、nsporta-tion conveyors, integral with the operation of water relatedamusement rides or devices as scoped in Practice F2376.1.2 This practice applies to conveyors used for patronloading/unloading or to transport patrons on rafts, tubes, orother vehicles. Loading, sequencing, transitioning, starting,a
4、nd unloading conveyors that carry patrons are included in thescope of this practice.1.3 This practice shall affect new conveying systems ormajor modifications of conveyors used in an amusement ride orattraction.1.4 This practice includes an appendix (non-mandatory),which provides additional informat
5、ion (for example, rationale,background, interpretations, drawings, commentary, and soforth) to improve the users understanding and application ofthe criteria presented in this practice. The appendix informa-tion shall not be interpreted as mandatory design criteria.1.5 UnitsThe values stated in inch
6、-pound units are to beregarded as standard. The values given in parentheses aremathematical conversions to SI units that are provided forinformation only and are not considered standard.1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is th
7、eresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2F747 Terminology Relating to Amusement Rides and De-vicesF770 Practice for Ownership,
8、Operation, Maintenance, andInspection of Amusement Rides and DevicesF1193 Practice for Quality, Manufacture, and Constructionof Amusement Rides and DevicesF2291 Practice for Design ofAmusement Rides and DevicesF2376 Practice for Classification, Design, Manufacture,Construction, and Operation of Wate
9、r Slide Systems2.2 ANSI Standards:3ANSI/ASME B20.1 Safety Standard for Conveyors andRelated EquipmentANSI B77.1 Passenger RopewaysAerial Tramways,Aerial Lifts, Surface Lifts, Tows and ConveyorsSafetyRequirements2.3 ASME Standard:4ASME A17.1 Safety code for Elevators and Escalators3. Terminology3.1 D
10、efinitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.1.1 This space is reserved (see X1.1).4. Classification4.1 Type 1 Riding Position ConveyorThe conveyor maynot move while a patron is on the conveyor unless the patronis in riding position on a ride vehicle. Type I conveyors mayperform, but are not limi
11、ted to, one or more of the followingfunctions:4.1.1 Transport,4.1.2 Sequencing,4.1.3 Acceleration,4.1.4 Ingress, and4.1.5 Egress.4.2 Type 2 Walk On/Off ConveyorConveyors in whichpatrons are allowed to walk on or off of the moving conveyorduring vehicle loading or unloading. These conveyors are alsok
12、nown as moving station conveyors.1This practice is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee F24 on AmusementRides and Devices and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F24.70 on WaterRelated Amusement Rides and Devices.Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2016. Published December 2016. DOI:10.1520
13、/F3158-16.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3Available from American National Standards Institu
14、te (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St.,4th Floor, New York, NY 10036, http:/www.ansi.org.4Available from American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME), ASMEInternational Headquarters, Two Park Ave., New York, NY 10016-5990, http:/www.asme.org.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, We
15、st Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United StatesThis international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World T
16、rade Organiziation Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.15. Significance and Use5.1 The purpose of this practice is to provide designers,engineers, manufactures, owners, and operators with criteriaand references for use in designing, inspecting, and operatingpatron transportation conveyor sys
17、tems which are integral witha water related ride or device.6. Design Criteria6.1 In addition to the design requirements of Section 5,Practice F2291, the following considerations and requirementsshall be included.6.2 Geometry:6.2.1 The length of a conveyor is defined from the center ofthe tail pulley
18、 to the center of the head pulley.6.2.2 Belt WidthThe actual width of the belt.6.2.3 Riding Surface WidthThe exposed width of the beltsurface.6.2.3.1 Minimum Riding Surface Width for a Type 1 RidingPosition ConveyorThe width of the vehicle traction surfaceplus 4 in. (10 cm).6.2.3.2 Minimum Riding Su
19、rface Width for a Type 2 WalkOn/Off Conveyor36 in. (0.92 m) minimum is required forpatron travel.6.2.4 The carrying side of the conveyor belt shall maintaina fixed path of travel under all load conditions and maintaincontact with the support track, slide deck or support rollers.6.2.5 Limits to the M
20、aximum Slope Angle of the Belt:6.2.5.1 Type 1 Riding Position ConveyorThe maximumslope shall be determined by ride analysis and shall be limitedsuch that loaded vehicles being transported by the conveyorwill not slide in a reverse direction. This slope analysis shallconsider the maximum and minimum
21、operational design con-ditions such as ride vehicle, live load, belt wear, expected waterfrom the ride, and environmental conditions.6.2.5.2 Type 2 Walk On/Off ConveyorThe maximum slopeshall be determined by ride analysis and shall not exceed thefollowing limitations:(1) The angle of inclination fro
22、m the horizontal shall notexceed 3 within 36 in. (0.92 m) of the ingress and egress ends.(2) At the vehicle load position, the slope of the conveyorshall match the slope of vehicle travel at the load position.(3) For conveyors running up an incline the angle ofinclination of the conveyor shall not e
23、xceed 18 at any point.For conveyors intended to be accessible the inclination shallnot exceed 10 at any point.(4) The ride analysis for declining conveyors shall considerthe slope of the conveyor, the deceleration rate under brakingand the patron restraints.6.2.6 Maximum Cross Slope2%.6.3 Patron Res
24、traint, Clearance Envelope, and Contain-ment Design Criteria:6.3.1 RestraintsThe designer/engineer shall consider ac-celerations generated by the conveyor system in the rideanalysis.6.3.2 Clearance Envelope:6.3.2.1 Type 1 Riding Position Conveyor:(1) The clearance envelope shall be determined based
25、onthe “Patron Clearance Envelope Analysis” as outlined insubsection 6.6 of Practice F2291.(2) If the pathway of the conveyor belt is used for emer-gency evacuation egress, then the minimum head room shallmatch the value listed in 6.3.2.2(2).6.3.2.2 Type 2 Walk On/Off Conveyor:(1) The clearance envel
26、ope shall be determined based onthe “Patron Clearance Envelope Analysis” as outlined insubsection 6.6 of Practice F2291.(2) The headroom shall be 7 ft (2.14 m) minimum over thepatron path of travel, as measured vertically from the conveyorbelt and ride vehicle access surfaces.(3) Handrails and solid
27、 balustrades may be used as neededto assist and guide patrons while on the conveyor. These shallbe considered in the “Patron Clearance Envelope Analysis.”6.4 Speed and Acceleration Limits:6.4.1 Maximum Belt Speed:6.4.1.1 Type 1 Riding Position ConveyorThe conveyorbelt must remain stationary until th
28、e patron is in riding positionon the ride vehicle. Once the patron is in riding position on theride vehicle, the maximum speed shall be based on the rideanalysis, however the designer/engineer shall consider theaccelerations entering a belt, between succeeding belts, andlaunch speed required at the
29、belt exit in the ride analysis. Theseaccelerations shall meet the requirements of 6.4.2.6.4.1.2 Type 2 Walk On/Off Conveyor:(1) The design speed of a Type 2 Walk On/Off Conveyorshould be considered as part of the ride analysis.(2) The designer/engineer shall consider lateral accelera-tions of the pe
30、destrian when loading/unloading a conveyor.(3) Additional design consideration should be taken whenloading/unloading a conveyor at angles not parallel with thedirection of travel. At a minimum the edge of the belt in theloading and unloading areas shall be marked in accordancewith 6.11.9.6.4.2 Accel
31、eration/Deceleration:6.4.2.1 Type 1 Riding Position ConveyorThe maximumacceleration/deceleration rates of the patron shall be deter-mined by the ride analysis with regard to the patron restraints,conveyor belt construction, profile, and speed transitions.6.4.2.2 Type 2 Walk On/Off ConveyorThe maximu
32、maccelerations/decelerations of the patron shall be determinedby the ride analysis with regard to the conveyor beltconstruction, profile, and speed transitions.6.4.2.3 When the conveyor may transport more than onepatron at a time, the ride analysis shall consider the effects ofacceleration and decel
33、eration on all patrons standing or walk-ing on the conveyor.6.5 Loads and StrengthsThe loads and strengths used inperforming the calculations and analyses used in the designprocess shall be as defined in Practice F2291, Section 8. Inaddition to these referenced criteria, the following conditionsshal
34、l apply.F3158 1626.5.1 The environmental conditions associated with waterrelated amusement rides or attractions can be very corrosive,especially for those conveyors which are adjacent to orsubmerged in treated water. The design shall consider theseoperating conditions.6.5.2 Plastic and plastic compo
35、site structural elementsstrengths shall be designed in accordance with Practice F2376,subsection 7.10.6.6 Hydraulic Equipment for ConveyorsThe criteria usedin selecting and sizing hydraulic components, designing thehydraulic system, and performing the analyses used in theprocess of hydraulic system
36、design shall be in accordance withPractice F2291, Section 9.6.7 Pneumatic Systems and ComponentsThe criteria usedin selecting and sizing pneumatic components, designing thepneumatic system, and performing the analyses used in theprocess of pneumatic system design shall be in accordancewith Practice
37、F2291, Section 10.6.8 Safety Related Control SystemsThe safety relatedcontrol system shall be designed and installed in accordancewith Practice F2291, Section 11.6.9 Electrical RequirementsThe criteria used in selectingand sizing electronic components, assemblies, designing theelectronic systems, an
38、d performing the analyses used in theprocess of electronic system design shall be in accordance withPractice F2291, Section 12.6.10 Mechanical Systems and ComponentsUnless other-wise noted in the following, the criteria used in selecting andsizing mechanical components, designing mechanical systems,
39、and performing the analyses used in the process of mechanicalsystem design shall be in accordance with Practice F2291,Section 13.6.10.1 Conveyor Belt Material:6.10.1.1 The maximum design tension shall not exceed theworking strength published by the belt manufacturer under anynormal operating conditi
40、on.6.10.1.2 Conveyor splices shall be in accordance with thedesign and any related belt manufacturer requirements. Splic-ing of the conveyor belt shall be made in such a manner as toresult in a continuous conveyor belt surface.6.10.2 Service BrakeA service brake shall be required ifthe stopping dist
41、ance, including dynamic braking by the drive,exceeds the maximum stopping distance as determined in6.12.2 or otherwise in the ride analysis.6.10.2.1 If installed, the service brake shall be located at anypoint in the drive train such that there is no drive belt, frictionclutch, or similar friction-t
42、ype device between the brake andthe drive drum.6.10.2.2 The service brake shall be applied by springs,weights, or other forms of stored energy when any stop circuitis interrupted.6.10.3 Rollback DeviceThe occupied portion of the con-veyor belt shall be designed to limit reverse travel. Either therid
43、e analysis shall determine that the belt maintains a safe statein the event that the conveyor belt breaks, or the safety relatedcontrol system shall continuously monitor and stop the con-veyor for belt damage.6.11 Machine Guards:6.11.1 Machine safeguarding methods shall be implementedto inhibit pers
44、ons from contacting drive belts, chains, pulleys,gears, drivelines, and similar moving machinery while theconveyor is in operation.6.11.2 When the ride analysis determines that parts canbreak free on power transmissions provisions shall be made tocontain the components.6.11.3 Equipment guards shall
45、be provided to minimize thehazard associated with a drive shaft failure.6.11.4 Material used in the construction of guards shall beof such design and strength as to protect individuals fromidentified hazards. The design and construction of the guardshall ensure that individuals cannot inadvertently
46、reach thehazard by reaching over, under, around, or through the guard.6.11.5 When tasks such as testing, setup, repair, adjustment,or maintenance require removing, disabling, bypassing, orsuspending one or more safeguards, alternate risk reductionmeasures shall be required. Only properly trained and
47、 autho-rized personnel shall be allowed access to areas behind guards.The bypass process shall be documented and shall includespecific procedures and appropriate training of personnel.6.11.6 Protection against static electricity shall be provided.6.11.7 All stationary surfaces along the conveying pa
48、th andwithin limbs reach of a patron being transported shall besmooth and free from any points of entrapment or entangle-ment in accordance with the patron clearance envelope analy-sis. The designer shall consider the probability that the typicalpatron of a water related amusement ride or attraction
49、 will notbe wearing foot wear, and may have minimal clothing.6.11.8 Edge GuardsThe designer/engineer shall considerthe entrapment point between the edge of the belt and theconveyor frame. In the case in which belt edge guards are usedto maintain the opening at the edge of the belt, the edge guardshould completely cover the edge of the belt, under eachoperating conditions, and the gap between the top of the beltand lower lip of the edge guard should be no larger than14 in.(6 mm). This gap shall be measured from the top of theexposed belt surface.6.11.9
