1、Designation: F2822 10 (Reapproved 2016)Standard Specification forFixed Anchorages Installed on Structures used for RopeRescue Training1This standard is issued under the fixed designation F2822; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of
2、 revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This standard specifies the minimum strength require-ments for anchorages permanently installed
3、 or attached totraining towers or other structures used for rope rescuetraining. It does not describe how those anchorages areconstructed, installed in, or attached to the structure nor does itinclude any factors of safety. It only specifies the design loadsthat must be considered.1.2 The values sta
4、ted in SI units are to be regarded asstandard. No other units of measurement are included in thisstandard.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety an
5、d health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2F2266 Specification for Masses Used in Testing RescueSystems and Components3. Terminology3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.1.1 anchorage, na perman
6、ently attached point on thestructure that is used as an attachment for rope or hardware.Also referred to as an anchor.3.1.2 failure, nthe point at which some part of the anchorphysically distorts or begins to detach from its mounting pointon the structure.3.1.3 proof load, na predetermined test load
7、, greater thanthe service load, to which a specimen is subjected beforeacceptance for use. In this standard the proof load is twice themaximum anticipated load on an anchor.4. Performance Requirements4.1 Each anchorage shall be designed to hold a minimum of40 kN in all directions of potential loadin
8、g.5. Other Requirements5.1 The anchorage shall be manufactured in such a way thata carabiner with a gate opening of 25 mm or greater shall fitaround it and the gate shall be able to close and lock.5.2 The anchorage shall be constructed using rounded stockor with beveled or chamfered edges to minimiz
9、e damage tohardware, rope, or webbing that is attached to the anchorage.TEST METHODS6. Scope6.1 This test method provides basic testing procedures forproduct acceptance. It is a nondestructive “proof load” test andtherefore is not a test of ultimate load-carrying capacity of theanchor.7. Significanc
10、e and Use7.1 This test verifies that a carabiner can be attached to theanchorage and that the anchorage will hold a minimum oftwice the anticipated load.8. Hazards8.1 The anchorage, attaching carabiners, or rope could failand eject parts. The test load or testing machine could fall. Usea safety scre
11、en, protective eyewear, do not increase the testload any greater than necessary, and do not perform this testalone.9. Procedure9.1 Attach the testing device to the anchorage using acarabiner that has a gate opening of 25 mm or greater and astrength of at least 40 kN.9.2 Subject the anchorage to a fo
12、rce of 10.88 kN in thedirection of anticipated loading, maintain the force for oneminute then remove the force.1This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F32 on Searchand Rescue and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F32.01 on Equipment,Testing, and Maintenance.Current
13、 edition approved Nov. 1, 2016. Published November 2016. Originallyapproved in 2010. Last previous edition approved in 2010 as F2822 10. DOI:10.1520/F2822-10R16.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book o
14、f ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States19.3 Repeat the test specified above, altering the direction ofanchorage loading, until
15、 the anchorage has been tested in alldirections of anticipated use.9.4 Observe the condition of the anchorage after each test.Anchorages shall be capable of withstanding the load withoutbreaking, cracking, or permanent deformation visible to theunaided eye.10. Precision and Bias10.1 Insufficient inf
16、ormation is currently available to char-acterize the precision and bias of the test method describedhere. As the test method is more widely used, the precision andbias will be characterized.11. Marking11.1 Anchorages that show no damage shall be marked astested per ASTM XXXXXX and the date.12. Keywo
17、rds12.1 anchorage; anchors; fire training tower; rappel tower;rope rescue training facilities; training towerAPPENDIXES(Nonmandatory Information)X1. PROOF TEST LOADX1.1 The 10.88 kN proof test load was calculated byassuming a system with a rope travelling through a pulley (witha 0 degree included an
18、gle) attached to the anchorage. AType Vload 272 kg as described in Specification F2266 is eitherbeing raised or lowered with the rope. The pulley creates aforce multiplying situation so that the anchorage is actuallysupporting a 544 kg load. That load was then doubled toaccount for potential maximum
19、 dynamic loading of the anchor-age.X2. TEST PROCEDUREX2.1 The test load can be applied using a hydraulic rammounted to an appropriate fixture so that the pull is in thedirection of anticipated use during training evolutions. Theproof test could also be performed by attaching a pulley to theanchorage
20、 through a load cell, routing a rope through thepulley at a 0 degree included angle, anchoring or terminatingone end of the rope and pulling or weighting the other until thespecified force is applied.X3. TYPES OF ANCHORAGESX3.1 This standard is applicable to many types of anchoringdevices. Eye bolts
21、, swivel lifting eyes, cast in place, or weldedloops, etc. When installing anchorages it is important to followthe manufacturers or design engineers instructions regardingthe direction and angle of pull.ASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in con
22、nection with any item mentionedin this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the riskof infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.This standard is subject to revision at any time by the respon
23、sible technical committee and must be reviewed every five years andif not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn. Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standardsand should be addressed to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful
24、consideration at a meeting of theresponsible technical committee, which you may attend. If you feel that your comments have not received a fair hearing you shouldmake your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address shown below.This standard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 1
25、00 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,United States. Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the aboveaddress or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or serviceastm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website(www.astm.org). Permission rights to photocopy the standard may also be secured from the Copyright Clearance Center, 222Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923, Tel: (978) 646-2600; http:/ 10 (2016)2
