1、Designation: F 2418 05An American National StandardStandard Specification forPolypropylene (PP) Corrugated Wall Stormwater CollectionChambers1This standard is issued under the fixed designation F 2418; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the
2、 case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This specification covers requirements, test methods,materials, and marking for polypr
3、opylene (PP), open bottom,buried chambers of corrugated wall construction used forcollection, detention, and retention of stormwater runoff. Ap-plications include commercial, residential, agricultural, andhighway drainage, including installation under parking lots androadways.1.2 Chambers are produc
4、ed in arch shapes with dimensionsbased on chamber rise, chamber span, and wall stiffness.Chambers are manufactured with integral feet that provide basesupport. Chambers may include perforations to enhance waterflow. Chambers must meet test requirements for arch stiffness,flattening, and accelerated
5、weathering.1.3 Analysis and experience have shown that the successfulperformance of this product depends upon the type and depthof bedding and backfill, and care in installation. This specifi-cation includes requirements for the manufacturer to providechamber installation instructions to the purchas
6、er.1.4 The values stated in inch-pounds are to be regarded asthe standard. The SI units in parentheses are given forinformation only.1.5 This standard does not purport to address water qualityissues or hydraulic performance requirements associated withits use. It is the responsibility of the user to
7、 ensure thatappropriate engineering analysis is performed to evaluate thewater quality issues and hydraulic performance requirementsfor each installation.1.6 The following safety hazards caveat pertains only to thetest method portion, Section 6, of this specification: Thisstandard does not purport t
8、o address all of the safety concerns,if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the userof this standard to establish appropriate safety and healthpractices and determine the applicability of regulatory limita-tions prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D 256 Test
9、 Methods for Determining the Izod PendulumImpact Resistance of PlasticsD 618 Practice for Conditioning Plastics for TestingD 638 Test Method for Tensile Properties of PlasticsD 790 Test Methods for Flexural Properties of Unreinforcedand Reinforced Plastics and Electrical Insulating MaterialsD 1600 T
10、erminology for Abbreviated Terms Relating toPlasticsD 2122 Test Method for Determining Dimensions of Ther-moplastic Pipe and FittingsD 2412 Test Method for Determination of External LoadingCharacteristics of Plastic Pipe by Parallel-Plate LoadingD 2990 Test Methods for Tensile, Compressive, and Flex
11、-ural Creep and Creep-Rupture of PlasticsD 4101 Specification for Propylene Plastic Injection andExtrusion MaterialsD 4329 Practice for Fluorescent UV Exposure of PlasticsD 6992 Test Method for Accelerated Tensile Creep andCreep-Rupture of Geosynthetic Materials Based on Time-Temperature Superpositi
12、on Using the Stepped IsothermalMethod.F 412 Terminology Relating to Plastic Piping Systems2.2 AASHTO Specification:Section 12 Buried Structures and Tunnel Liners, 12.12Thermoplastic Pipes33. Terminology3.1 Definitions: Definitions used in this specification are inaccordance with the definitions in T
13、erminology F 412, andabbreviations are in accordance with Terminology D 1600,unless otherwise indicated.1This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F17 on PlasticPiping and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F17.65 on Land Drainage.Current edition approved August 1, 200
14、5. Published August 2005. Originallyapproved in 2004. Last previous edition approved in 2004 as F2418-04.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standar
15、ds Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3AASHTO LRFD Bridge Design Specifications-Dual Units, Third Edition,2004. Available from American Association of State Highway and TransportationOfficials (AASHTO), 444 N. Capitol St., NW, Suite 249, Washington, DC 20001.1Copyright ASTM International, 100
16、Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.3.1.1 chamberan arch-shaped structure manufactured ofthermoplastic with an open-bottom that is supported on feetand may be joined into rows that begin with, and are termi-nated by, end caps (see Fig. 1).3.1.2 corrugated
17、walla wall profile consisting of a regularpattern of alternating crests and valleys (see Fig. 2).3.1.3 crestthe element of a corrugation located at theexterior surface of the chamber wall, spanning between twoweb elements (see Fig. 2).3.1.4 crownthe center section of a chamber typicallylocated at th
18、e highest point as the chamber is traversedcircumferentially.3.1.5 end capa bulkhead provided to begin and terminatea chamber, or row of chambers, and prevent intrusion ofsurrounding embedment materials.3.1.6 foota flat, turned out section that is manufacturedwith the chamber to provide a bearing su
19、rface for transfer ofvertical loads to the bedding (see Fig. 1).3.1.7 inspection portan opening in the chamber wall thatallows access to the chamber interior.3.1.8 nominal heighta designation describing the approxi-mate vertical dimension of the chamber at its crown (see Fig.1).3.1.9 nominal widtha
20、designation describing the approxi-mate outside horizontal dimension of the chamber at its feet(see Fig. 1).3.1.10 periodthe length of a single repetition of therepeated corrugation, defined as the distance from the center-line of a valley element to the centerline of the next valleyelement (see Fig
21、. 2).3.1.11 risethe vertical distance from the chamber base(bottom of the chamber foot) to the inside of a chamber wallvalley element at the crown as depicted in Fig. 1.3.1.12 spanthe horizontal distance from the interior ofone sidewall valley element to the interior of the other sidewallvalley elem
22、ent as depicted in Fig. 1.3.1.13 valleythe element of a corrugated wall located atthe interior surface of the chamber wall, spanning between twowebs (see Fig. 2).3.1.14 webthe element of a corrugated wall that connectsa crest element to a valley element (see Fig. 2).4. Materials and Manufacture4.1 T
23、his specification covers chambers made from virginand rework PP plastic materials as defined by material me-chanical requirements and chamber performance requirements.4.2 Polypropylene materials may be combined with copoly-mers, pigments, and impact modifiers which together aresuitable for manufactu
24、re. Manufactured chamber and end capmaterial shall meet or exceed the requirements of designationPP0330B99945, Specification D 4101. The minimum amountof polypropylene plastic in the material shall be 95 % byweight. The minimum tensile stress at yield, Test MethodD 638, shall not be less than 3 100
25、psi (21 MPa). The minimumflexural modulus (1 % secant), Test Method D 790, ProcedureA, shall not be less than 135 000 psi (931 MPa). The minimumIzod Impact Resistance at 73 F (23 C), Method A in TestMethod D 256, shall not be less than 4 ft-lb/in. (215 J/m).Materials shall meet the creep requirement
26、s in 5.3.5 and 5.3.6of this standard.NOTE 1The polypropylene melt flow rate is specified for chambermanufacture by injection molding. The melt flow rate may be less than 10if the manufactured chamber meets all other requirements in this standard.This cell class will be re-evaluated when new chamber
27、classifications areadded to Table 1.NOTE 2Polypropylene plastic is prepared by the polymerization ofpropylene or propylene with other alpha olefins as described in Specifi-cation D 4101.4.3 Rework MaterialClean rework material generatedfrom the manufacturers own chambers may be used by thesame manuf
28、acturer, using the same type and grade resin,provided that the chambers produced meet all the requirementsof this specification.5. Requirements5.1 Chamber Description5.1.1 Chambers shall be produced in arch shapes symmetricabout the crown with corrugated wall and integral feet for basesupport (see F
29、ig. 1). Any arch shape is acceptable provided allthe requirements of this specification are met.NOTE 3For purposes of structural optimization, the wall geometry(e.g. corrugation height, crest width, valley width, and web pitch) mayvary around the chamber circumference.5.1.2 Chambers shall be produce
30、d with maximum span atthe base of the chamber (bottom of the chamber foot).5.1.3 Chambers may include access ports for inspection orcleanout. Chambers with access ports shall meet the require-ments of this standard with access ports open and closed.5.1.4 Chambers may include perforations. Perforatio
31、ns shallbe cleanly fabricated in a size, shape, and pattern determinedby the manufacturer. Chambers with perforations shall meetthe requirements of this standard.5.1.5 Chamber sections shall be manufactured to connect atthe ends to provide rows of various lengths. Joints shall beconfigured to preven
32、t intrusion of the surrounding embedmentmaterial and shall be capable of carrying the full load for whichthe chamber is designed.NOTEThe model chamber shown in this standard is intended only asa general illustration. Any chamber configuration is permitted, as long asit meets all the specified requir
33、ements of this standard.FIG. 1 Model ChamberF24180525.1.6 Each row of chambers shall begin and terminate withan end cap.5.1.7 Chamber classifications, dimensions, and tolerancesare provided in Table 1. Chamber classifications are based onthe nominal height and nominal width of the chambers, asillust
34、rated in Fig. 1. Classifications shall be manufactured withthe specified rise and span with tolerances, minimum footwidth, and minimum wall thickness.5.2 WorkmanshipThe chambers shall be homogeneousthroughout and essentially uniform in color, opacity, density,and other properties. The interior and e
35、xterior surfaces shall befree of chalking, sticky, or tacky material. The chamber wallsshall be free of cracks, blisters, voids, foreign inclusions, orother defects that are visible to the naked eye and may affectthe wall integrity.5.3 Physical and Mechanical Properties of Finished Cham-ber:5.3.1 Mi
36、nimum Wall ThicknessChambers shall have awall thickness not less than the minimum wall thickness shownin Table 1 when measured in accordance with 6.2.1.5.3.2 Minimum Foot WidthChambers shall have a footwidth not less than the minimum foot width as shown in Table1 when measured in accordance with 6.2
37、.2 (see also Fig. 1).5.3.3 Rise and Span DimensionsChambers shall meet therise and span dimension requirements shown in Table 1 whenmeasured in accordance with 6.2.3 and 6.2.4 (see also Fig. 1).5.3.4 Deviation From StraightnessThe chamber and itssupport feet shall not have a deviation from straightn
38、ess greaterthan L/100, where L is the length of an individual chamber,when measured in accordance with 6.2.5.NOTE 4This check is to be made at the time of manufacture and isincluded to prevent pre-installation deformations in a chamber that meetsall other requirements of this standard.5.3.5 Creep Ru
39、pture StrengthSpecimens fabricated in thesame manner and composed of the same materials as thefinished chambers shall have a 50 year creep rupture tensilestrength at 73 F (23 C) not less than 1 000 psi (7 MPa), whendetermined in accordance with 6.2.6.5.3.6 Creep ModulusSpecimens fabricated in the sa
40、memanner and composed of the same materials as the finishedchambers shall have a 50 year tensile creep modulus at 73 F(23 C) at a stress level of 500 psi (3.5 MPa) not less than 27000 psi (186 MPa). The creep modulus shall be determined inaccordance with 6.2.7.NOTE 5The 50 year creep rupture strengt
41、h and 50 year creep modulusvalues, determined by the test methods in 6.2.6 and 6.2.7, are used todefine the slope of the logarithmic regression curves to describe therequired material properties sampled from the product. They are not to beinterpreted as service life limits.5.3.7 Arch Stiffness Const
42、antChambers shall have an archstiffness constant (ASC) not less than the minimum archstiffness constant shown in Table 1 when determined inaccordance with 6.2.8.5.3.8 FlatteningChambers shall show neither splitting,cracking, or breaking under normal light and the unaided eyenor loss of load carrying
43、 capacity when tested in accordancewith 6.2.9.5.4 Accelerated WeatheringSpecimens fabricated in thesame manner and composed of the same materials as thefinished chambers shall meet all material requirements in 4.2after accelerated weathering described in 6.3.5.5 Installation RequirementsThe chamber
44、manufacturershall provide the purchaser with the requirements for theNOTEThe corrugation profile shown in this standard is intended only as a general illustration.Any corrugation pattern is permitted, as long as it meetsall the specified test requirements of this standard.FIG. 2 Model Corrugated Wal
45、lTABLE 1 Classifications, Dimensions, and TolerancesChamberClassificationNominalHeightNominalWidthRise SpanMinimumFoot WidthMinimumWallThicknessMinimumArchStiffnessConstantAin. (mm) in. (mm)Averagein. (mm)Tolerance 6in (mm)Averagein. (mm)Tolerance 6in (mm) in. (mm) in. (mm) lb/ft/%16333 16 (406) 33
46、(838) 13.1 (333) 0.4 (10) 24.3 (617) 0.4 (10) 4.0 (100) 0.125 (3.18) 30030351 30 (762) 51 (1295) 26.7 (678) 0.4 (10) 42.6 (1082) 0.4 (10) 4.0 (100) 0.175 (4.45) 300AThe values for arch stiffness should not be considered comparable to values of pipe stiffness.F2418053proper installation of chambers a
47、nd the minimum and maxi-mum allowable cover height for specific traffic and non-trafficloading conditions. The installation requirements shall bebased on a design that satisfies the safety factors specified inthe AASHTO LRFD Bridge Design Specifications, Section12.12 for Thermoplastic Pipe for earth
48、 and live loads, withconsideration for impact and multiple vehicle presences.5.6 Design Data5.6.1 Hydraulic DataThe manufacturer shall provide thepurchaser with data required for hydraulic design, includingchamber length, storage volume, stage-storage, and number,size and location of access ports an
49、d perforations.5.6.2 Structural DataIf requested by the purchaser, thechamber manufacturer shall provide data to enable verificationof structural design safety factors, including chamber geom-etry, wall centroid, wall area, wall moment of inertia, andmaterial strain limits.5.7 Installation QualificationThe manufacturer shallverify the installation requirements and design basis withfull-scale installation qualification testing of representativechambers under design earth and live loads.6. Test Methods6.1 ConditioningCondition all test specimen
