1、Designation: F 2145 01An American National StandardStandard Specification forPolyamide 11 (PA 11) Mechanical Fittings for Use onOutside Diameter Controlled Polyamide 11 Pipe and Tubing1This standard is issued under the fixed designation F 2145; the number immediately following the designation indica
2、tes the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This specification describes requirements a
3、nd test meth-ods for the qualification of Polyamide 11 (PA 11) bodiedmechanical fittings for use with outside diameter controlledPolyamide 11 (PA 11) pipe, nominal 2 pipe size (IPS), andsmaller complying with Specification D 2513. In addition, itspecifies general requirements of the material from wh
4、ich thesefittings are made.1.2 The test methods described in this specification are notintended to be used as routine quality tests.1.3 This specification covers the types of mechanical fittingscovered in 3.2.1.1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regardedas the standard. The values g
5、iven in parentheses are forinformation only.1.5 The following safety hazards caveat pertains only to thetest methods portion, Section 7, of this specification. Thisstandard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns,if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the userof
6、this standard to establish appropriate safety and healthpractices and determine the applicability of regulatory require-ments prior to use.1.6 The text of this specification references notes andfootnotes, which provide explanatory material. These notes andfootnotes (excluding those in tables and fig
7、ures) shall not beconsidered as requirements of this specification.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:D 638 Test Method for Tensile Properties of Plastics2D 1598 Test Method for Time-to-Failure of Plastic PipeUnder Constant Internal Pressure3D 1600 Terminology for Abbreviated Terms Relating t
8、oPlastics2D 2513 Specification for Thermoplastic Gas Pressure Pipe,Tubing, and Fittings3D 2837 Test Method for Obtaining Hydrostatic DesignBasics for Thermoplastic Pipe Materials3F 412 Terminology Relating to Plastic Piping Systems3F 1588 Test Method for Constant Tensile Load Joint Test(CTLJT)32.2 A
9、SME Standard:ASME B31.8 Gas Transmission and Distribution PipingSystems42.3 Federal Standard:CFR, Title 49, Part 192 Pipeline Safety Regulations52.4 Plastic Pipe Institute Standard:PPI TR-4 PPI Listing of Hydrostatic Design Bases (HDB),Pressure Design Bases (PDB), and Minimum RequiredStrength (MRS)
10、Ratings for Thermoplastic Piping Mate-rials or Pipe63. Terminology3.1 DefinitionsDefinitions of the terms used in this speci-fication are in accordance with Terminology F 412 unlessotherwise specified. Abbreviations are in accordance withTerminology D 1600 unless otherwise specified.3.1.1 The Gas In
11、dustry Terminology is in accordance withASME B31.8 or CFR, Title 49, Part 192 unless otherwisespecified.3.1.2 The term “pipe” refers to both “pipe” and “tubing”.The term “fitting” refers to a mechanical connecting device asdescribed in 3.1.4 and 3.1.6.3.1.3 joint, nthe location at which two pieces o
12、f pipe anda fitting are connected together. For example, an installedcoupling has two joints.3.1.4 joint, mechanical, na connection between pipingcomponents and employing physical force to develop a seal orproduce alignment.3.1.5 long-term-strength (LTS), nthe estimated tensilestress that when appli
13、ed continuously will cause failure at1This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F17 on PlasticPiping Systems and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F17.10 on Fittings.Current edition approved Oct. 10, 2001. Published December 2001.2Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 08
14、.01.3Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 08.04.4Available from American Society of Mechanical Engineers, Three ParkAvenue, New York, NY 10016-5990.5Available from Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government PrintingOffice, Washington D.C. 20402.6Available from Plastic Pipe Institute, 1825 Connecticu
15、t Ave., NW Suite 680,Washington D.C. 20009.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.100 000 h. This is the intercept of the stress regression line withthe 100 000 h coordinate.3.1.6 mechanical fitting, nfitting for making a me
16、chanicaljoint to provide for pressure integrity, leak tightness, andresistance to end loads.3.1.6.1 category 1 mechanical fitting, nfitting for assem-bling pipes, which includes a compression zone to provide forpressure integrity, leak tightness, and resistance to end loadssufficient to cause no les
17、s than 25 % elongation of the PA11piping as described in this specification.3.1.7 MAOP, nThe Maximum Allowable Operating Pres-sure of the fuel gas piping system in psig as determined inaccordance with CFR, Title 49, Part 192 and as represented inthe following:MAOP 5 P 5 2 3 S/DR21! 3 fD(1)where:S =
18、the PA 11 materials HDB as published in PPI TR-4,DR = the pipes dimension ratio determined by dividing thepipes specified nominal outside diameter by thepipes specified wall thickness; and,fD= the design factor for thermoplastic fuel gas piping asset by the authority having jurisdiction. In the Unit
19、edStates, the design factor is cited in CFR, Title 49, Part192.121.3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.2.1 Types of Mechanical Fittings:3.2.2 in-line fitting, nmechanical fitting used to make amechanical joint where the bore axis of compression andsealing zones of the fitting is ess
20、entially the same as theconnected pipe, for example, couplings, ells, and tees.3.2.3 mechanical saddle fitting, nmechanical fitting usedto make a mechanical joint that allows a lateral connection toan exiting main in which a portion of the fitting is contoured tomatch the O.D. of the pipe to which i
21、t is attached. Hereinreferred to as the saddle fitting mating pipe or main pipe size.4. Materials and Manufacture Requirements4.1 Polyamide 11 (PA 11) pressure containing materialssubject to continuous stress, either hoop or axial, shall meet therequirements of Specification D 2513, Annex A5, have a
22、nASTM material specification, and the materials long-termstrength, such as the long-term hydrostatic strength, deter-mined in accordance with Test Method D 2837, excepting thatfailure data can be obtained from specimens such as thefollowing: tensile bars, plane strain, or actual fitting samples.4.2
23、The physical properties of the PA 11 material used toproduce the fitting shall be available from the fitting manufac-turer upon request.4.3 Specifications outlining all the physical properties andeffects of environmental conditions for the PA 11 material usedto produce the fitting shall be available
24、 from the fittingmanufacturer upon request.NOTE 1Materials in long term contact with natural gas of line qualityand LP gas vapor should be demonstrated not to adversely affect theperformance of the fitting.NOTE 2Materials should have demonstrated resistance to environ-mental stress cracking when exp
25、osed, under stress to chemical compoundsencountered in, or external gas piping systems, and a demonstratedresistance to bacteriological decomposition. Such compounds include icethawing chemicals, fertilizers, insecticides, herbicides, leak detectionfluids, acids, bases, and, antifreeze solutions use
26、d to thaw frozen lines. Theeffects of liquid environments such as antifreeze agents, odorants, andhydrocarbons are known to be deleterious to some plastics, particularlyunder service conditions.5. Dimensions5.1 The dimensions and tolerance shall be determined bythe manufacturer.6. Qualification Requ
27、irements6.1 GeneralUnless otherwise specified, each nominal sizeof fitting shall be tested. Testing of the thickest wall pipe thatthe fitting is designed to be used with qualifies it with use oflesser wall thickness.6.1.1 Mechanical joint qualifications shall be performed onassembled joints using th
28、e fitting manufacturers joining proce-dure. All mechanical fitting offered by the manufacturer shallbe capable of meeting the requirements of this standard whenconnecting Polyamide 11 gas piping complying with Specifi-cation D 2513. To verify the structural integrity of the fittingbody, representati
29、ve samples shall be subjected to the require-ments of 6.2.1. It is not the intent of the specification to requiretesting of all fitting configurations, that is, tees, ells, etc., buteach mechanical joint design in each size.6.1.2 All mechanical fitting described in 3.2.1 shall have aninternal pipe r
30、einforcing tubular insert stiffener that extends atleast under the seal and gripping device, where used. Thesaddle portion of saddle-type fittings do not require an internaltubular stiffener due to the nature of the connection.6.2 Performance Requirements:6.2.1 Elevated Temperature Sustained Pressur
31、eThe fittingjoint or pipe in the area affected by the fitting shall not fail asdefined in Test Method D 1598, when tested in accordancewith 7.2. The fitting or joint meets this requirement when testedin accordance with any one of the two conditions (A or B)listed in 7.2.6.2.2 Tensile StrengthThe pip
32、e joint shall accommodatethe tensile loading when tested in accordance with 7.3.6.2.2.1 In-Line Fitting, Category 1The joint shall provideresistance to a force on the pipe equal to or greater than thatwhich will cause no less than 25 % elongation of pipe, or thepipe fails outside the joint area when
33、 tested in accordance with7.3.6.2.2.2 Mechanical Saddle FittingsThe joint between thesaddle and mating pipe shall not fail by rotation or leakagewhen tested in accordance with 7.5.6.2.2.3 Joint restrain capabilities less than as defined aboveshall constitute failure of the test.6.2.3 Temperature Cyc
34、ling TestThe mechanical joint shallprovide a pressure seal after 10 cycles of the temperaturecycling test when tested in accordance with 7.4.6.2.4 Constant Tensile Load Joint TestThe joint shall notfail leakage or pullout when loaded to an axial tensile stress of1320 psi (9.1 Mpa) and tested in acco
35、rdance with 7.5.7. Test Methods7.1 GeneralThe test methods of the specification coversthe mechanical joint designs. Test methods that are applicableF2145012from other specifications will be referenced in the sectionpertaining to that particular test.7.1.1 ConditioningCondition the specimen prior to
36、join-ing at 73.4 6 3.6F for not less than 16 h.7.1.2 Test ConditionsConduct the tests at the standard labtemperature of 73.4 6 3.6F.7.1.3 Test SpecimensTests joints shall be prepared withthe appropriate size PA 11 pipe, complying with the dimen-sional requirements of Specification D 2513, in accorda
37、ncewith the manufacturers joining procedure.7.2 Elevated Temperature Sustained Pressure Test:7.2.1 The apparatus and report shall be specified in TestMethod D 1598. Test six joints assembled in accordance with6.1.1.7.2.2 The assembled joints shall be tested in accordancewith Test Method D 1598 with
38、the exception that it is notrequired that 12 in. or five times the nominal outside diameterof the pipe used in conducting the test be placed on each sideof the fitting being tested. The test shall be conducted at one ofthe time/temperature/hoop stress combinations shown in Table1 with the test press
39、ure calculated using Eq 2. If ductile failureoccurs in the pipe at 176F (80C) /1600 psi (9.4 MPa) hoopstress, retest at 176F (80C)/1250 psi (12.6 MPa) hoop stress.P 5 2S/DR 1! (2)where:P = test pressure, psig,S = hoop stress from Table 1, andDR = dimension ratio (OD/wall).7.2.3 Failure of two of the
40、 six specimens tested shallconstitute failure in the test. Failure of one of the six specimenstested is cause for retest of six additional specimens. Failure ofone of the six specimens in retest shall constitute failure of thetest. Evidence of failure of the pipe shall be defined in TestMethod D 159
41、8.7.3 Tensile Strength Test:7.3.1 Test specimens shall be prepared so that the minimumlength of unreinforced pipe is equal to five times the nominaloutside diameter of the pipe being tested. It is permissible totest multiple joints together provided that minimum length ofunreinforced pipe exists on
42、at least one joint.7.3.2 In-line fittings shall be tested with the apparatus asspecified in Test Method D 638 and reported as specified inTest Method D 638. Test six joints.7.3.3 The test shall be conducted at 73.4 6 3.6F.7.3.4 The speed of the testing shall be .2 in./min 6 25 %.7.3.5 Failure of two
43、 of the six specimens tested shallconstitute failure of the test. Failure of one of the six specimensis cause of retest of six additional specimens. Failure of one ofthe six specimens in retest shall constitute failure of the test.7.4 Thermal Cycling Test:7.4.1 Test shall be conducted on six of the
44、smallest and sixof the largest nominal pipe sizes of each mechanical jointdesign and assembled in accordance with 6.1.1.7.4.2 Leak test specimens at ambient at 7 6 3 psig and aminimum of 1.5 3 MAOP.7.4.3 Cool specimens to a temperature of -20 6 3.6F andmaintain for a minimum of 2.5 h.7.4.4 Condition
45、 specimens to a temp of 140 6 3.6F andmaintain for a minimum of 2.5 h.7.4.5 Repeat 7.4.3 and 7.4.4 for a total of 10 cycles.7.4.6 Pressurize 50 % of the specimens of each size at 7 63 psig and the remaining 50 % of each size at 1.5 3 MAOP ofthe piping material and SDR that the fittings are designed
46、to beused with. Leak test first at 140 6 3.6F and then at -20 63.6F.NOTE 3If immersion is used for leak testing, and the design of thejoint is such that air can be trapped within the joint assembly, allowadequate time for all air trapped within the joint to escape prior toobserving for leaks.7.5 Con
47、stant Tensile Load Joint Tests (In-Line Joints Only):7.5.1 One specimen of each nominal pipe size shall betested in accordance with Test Method F 1588 for a minimumof 1000 h at an internal pressure between 4 psig (27.6 kPa) andthe pipe MAOP.7.5.2 Failure of the specimen shall constitute failure of t
48、hetest.7.6 Rotation Test (Mechanical Saddle Fittings Only):7.6.1 Test shall be conducted on six of the smallest andlargest nominal pipe sizes of each mechanical joint design andassembly assembled in accordance with 6.1.1.7.6.2 The test shall be conducted at 73.4 6 3.6F.7.6.3 Saddle fittings shall be
49、 assembled onto the matingpipe so that the minimum length of the unreinforced pipe isequal to five times the nominal diameter of the pipe to whichthe saddle is being installed.7.6.4 Following the manufacturers recommended proce-dure for installing saddle fittings, tap the mating pipe andremove the saddle fitting cutter.7.6.5 Alignment marks shall be placed on both the saddlefitting and the mating pipe to identify the original position ofthe assembly.7.6.6 Either the saddle fitting, or the mating pipe, shall berestrained in a manner that does not
