1、Designation: F1317 98 (Reapproved 2012)Standard Test Method forCalibration of Microwave Ovens1This standard is issued under the fixed designation F1317; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A n
2、umber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This test method is applicable to microwave ovensdesigned for both home and commercial use. It was developedfor use in the evaluation of
3、 volatile and nonvolatile compo-nents of microwave susceptor packages.1.2 This test method was collaboratively evaluated withmicrowave ovens with nominal output ratings of 700 W.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is therespons
4、ibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2E691 Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study toDetermine the Precision of a Test Meth
5、odF874 Test Method for Temperature Measurement and Pro-filing for Microwave SusceptorsF1308 Test Method for Quantitating Volatile Extractables inMicrowave Susceptors Used for Food ProductsF1349 Test Method for Nonvolatile Ultraviolet (UV) Ab-sorbing Extractables from Microwave SusceptorsF1500 Test M
6、ethod for Quantitating Non-UV-AbsorbingNonvolatile Extractables from Microwave Susceptors Uti-lizing Solvents as Food SimulantsF1519 Test Method for Qualitative Analysis of VolatileExtractables in Microwave Susceptors Used to Heat FoodProducts3. Apparatus and Reagents3.1 Microwave Oven, as manufactu
7、red.3.2 Beakers, 2 L. (Alternatively use a 2-L polystyrene foamcontainer.)3.3 Thermometer, readable to 60.5C.3.4 Stopwatch.4. Procedure4.1 Using the stopwatch, check the accuracy of the micro-wave oven timer. Timer should be accurate to within 2 %. Ifnot, determine the settings necessary to ensure a
8、ccuracy.4.2 Filla2Lbeaker with exactly 1000 mL of distilled waterat 18 to 20C. Record initial temperature of the water as T1.4.3 Remove the thermometer and place the beaker in thecenter of the microwave oven. If the oven has been usedrecently, allow it to cool until it is at room temperature.4.4 Mic
9、rowave at full power for 2 min 3 s. The additional 3s is to allow for the magnetron start up delay.4.5 Immediately after the power cycle completion, immersethe thermometer in the water and vigorously stir. Measure thetemperature of the water. Record this temperature as T2.4.6 Repeat the measurements
10、 to obtain triplicate measure-ments of the temperature rise.4.7 Once calibrated, this oven can be used for analytical teststandards such as Test Methods F874, F1308, F1349, F1500,and F1519.4.8 Recalibrate oven daily.5. Calculation5.1 Calculate the output, O, of the microwave oven in wattsusing the f
11、ollowing formula:O 5 34.9 T22 T1!where:T1= initial temperature of the water, C, andT2= final temperature of the water, C.5.2 Average the three output values and use this mean as thecalibrated output wattage of the microwave oven.6. Report6.1 Report the following information:6.1.1 Mean and standard d
12、eviation of these values foroutput wattage of the microwave oven.1This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F02 on FlexibleBarrier Packaging and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F02.15 onChemical/Safety Properties.Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2012. Published Novemb
13、er 2012. Originallyapproved in 1990. Last previous edition approved in 2007 as F1317 98 (2007).DOI: 10.1520/F1317-98R12.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer
14、 to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States17. Precision and Bias7.1 Seven laboratories participated in the collaborativestudy, each using a microwave oven with a rated ou
15、tput of 700W. From the data submitted, the mean output calculated was686 W, with a within-lab coefficient of variation of 2.1 %, abetween-lab coefficient of variation of 5.9 % and an overallcoefficient of variation of 6.3 %. The data are shown in Table1 which is based on a round robin test conducted
16、 in 1989. Eachlaboratory provided their own ovens. Each test result was thetest value of an individual determination. Each laboratoryobtained three test results for their oven. (WarningThefollowing explanations of RSrand RSR(7.2-7.2.2) are onlyintended to present a meaningful way of considering thea
17、pproximate precision of this test method.The data in Table 1should not be rigorously applied to acceptance or rejection ofmicrowave ovens, as those data are specific to the round robinand may not be representative of other conditions. Users of thistest method should apply the principles outlined in
18、PracticeE691 to generate dataspecific to their laboratory and materials,or between specific laboratories. The principles of 7.2-7.2.2would then be valid for such data.)7.2 Concept of RSrand RSR:7.2.1 If RSrand RSRhave been calculated from a largeenough body of data, and for test results that were te
19、st valuesfrom testing individual specimens:7.2.2 Relative repeatability RSrcompares two test results forthe same material, obtained by the same operator using thesame equipment on the same day.7.2.3 Relative reproducibility RSRcompares two test resultsfor the same material, obtained by different ope
20、rators usingdifferent equipment in different laboratories.7.3 There are no recognized standards by which to estimatebias of this test method.8. Keywords8.1 microwave ovens, calibration; microwave susceptors;ovens, microwave; calibration; susceptors, microwaveASTM International takes no position resp
21、ecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentionedin this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the riskof infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.This s
22、tandard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every five years andif not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn. Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standardsand should be addressed to ASTM Interna
23、tional Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of theresponsible technical committee, which you may attend. If you feel that your comments have not received a fair hearing you shouldmake your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address shown bel
24、ow.This standard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,United States. Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the aboveaddress or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555
25、(fax), or serviceastm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website(www.astm.org). Permission rights to photocopy the standard may also be secured from the ASTM website (www.astm.org/COPYRIGHT/).TABLE 1 Raw DataLaboratory Rating Run 1 Run 2 Run 3Laboratory No. 1 700 700 690 683Laboratory No. 2 700 750 683 700Laboratory No. 4 700 564 602 581Laboratory No. 7 700 700 691 718Laboratory No. 9 700 687 677 666Laboratory No. 10 700 665 682 682Laboratory No. 12 700 665 665 648Mean, WWithin Lab COV (RSr),%Between Lab COV (RSL), %Overall COV (RSR),%6712.15.96.3F1317 98 (2012)2
