1、Designation: F 1159 03aStandard Practice forDesign and Manufacture of Patron Directed, ArtificialClimbing Walls, Dry Slide, Coin Operated and PurposefulWater Immersion Amusement Rides and Devices and Air-Supported Structures1This standard is issued under the fixed designation F 1159; the number imme
2、diately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 Thi
3、s practice establishes information and procedures forthe design and manufacture of patron directed amusement ridesor devices (for example, go karts, bumper cars, bumper boats),artificial climbing walls, dry slides, coin operated rides, andamusement rides and devices that involve the purposefulimmers
4、ion of the patrons body partially or totally in the waterand involve more than incidental patron contact (for example,pools, water slides, lazy rivers, interactive aquatic play de-vices), and air-supported structures.1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, as
5、sociated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2F 846 Guide for Testing Performance of Amusement Ridesa
6、nd DevicesF 2007 Practice for Classification, Design, Manufacture,and Operation of Concession Go-Karts and Facilities2.2 Federal Documents:3Dept. of Health, Education, and Welfare Pediatric GrowthDevelopment Chart, 1983OSHA 29 CFR Fall Protection Systems Criteria and Prac-tices Part 1926.502 (d)USDA
7、 Agricultural Handbook 72, Rev. 0The WoodHandbook, by the U.S. Dept. of Agricultural ForestProducts Laboratory2.3 Society of Automotive Engineers Standards:4SAE J 833 Recommended Practice for USA Human Physi-cal DimensionsSAE Hydraulic Fluid StandardsSAEJ-10 Pneumatic Storage TanksSAE Pneumatic Tubi
8、ng Standards2.4 American Society of Mechanical Engineers Docu-ments:5ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code, Section VIII,Division 1ASME Welding Standards2.5 American Institute of Steel Construction Document:6AISC Manual on Steel Construction2.6 American Welding Society Standard:7ANSI/AWS D1.1 Structu
9、ral Welding Code2.7 National Fire Protection Association Standard:8National Electrical Code2.8 ANSI Standard:9ANSI (NFPA/JIC) T2.24.11991 Hydraulic Fluid PowerSystems Standard for Stationary Industrial Machinery,93. Significance and Use3.1 This practice provides designers and manufacturers ofpatron
10、directed amusement rides or devices (for example, gokarts, bumper cars, bumper boats), artificial climbing walls, dryslides, coin operated rides, water amusement rides or devices(involve the purposeful immersion of the patrons body par-tially or totally in the water and involve more than incidentalp
11、atron contact (for example, pools, water slides, lazy rivers,1This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F24 on AmusementRides and Devices and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F24.24 onDesign and Manufacture.Current edition approved April 10, 2003. Published May 2003. Orig
12、inallyapproved in 1988. Last previous edition approved in 2003 as F 1159 03.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onth
13、e ASTM website.3Available from Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government PrintingOffice, Washington, DC 20402.4Available from Society of Automotive Engineers, 400 Commonwealth Drive,Warrendale, PA 15096.5Available from American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME), ASMEInternational Headquarter
14、s, Three Park Ave., New York, NY 10016-5990.6Available from the Institute of Steel Construction, P.O. Box 4588, Chicago,IL 60680.7Available from the American Welding Society, 550 N. LeJeune Rd., Miami,FL 33126.8Available from the National Fire Protection Association, Batterymarch Park,Quincy, MA 022
15、69.9Available from American National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St.,4th Floor, New York, NY 10036.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.interactive aquatic play devices), and air-supported structureswith design
16、references and criteria to use in designing andmanufacturing of patron directed amusement rides or devices,artificial climging walls, dry slides, coin operated rides, pur-poseful immersion water amusement rides or devices, andair-supported structures.4. Procedures for Developing Documentation andRec
17、ords4.1 Design and CalculationsManufacturers basic docu-mentation and engineering analysis shall include, but not belimited to, the following:4.1.1 Performance characteristics of structural, mechanical,and electrical components, and4.1.2 Forces on passengers due to the action of the ridebased on des
18、ign loading.4.2 Drawings and RecordsRecords shall be kept on thecharacteristics and forces explained in 4.1.1 and 4.1.2 for allversions and revisions of a ride or device so long as deemedappropriate by the designer/manufacturer.4.3 TestingDocument and record the testing performanceof amusement rides
19、 and devices in accordance with the testsgiven in Guide F 846.DESIGN PROCEDURES5. Designing in Accordance with Passenger Weights5.1 The weight assigned to an adult passenger, for designpurposes, shall be 170 lb (77 kg) or 12 lb/in. (5.4 kg/25.4 mm)of hip width at the seat, whichever is greater. Refe
20、rence SAEJ 833 on USA Human Physical Dimensions, using the “me-dium man” for passenger weight.5.2 The weight assigned to a 12-year-old child passenger,for design purposes, shall be 90 lb (41 kg) or 9 lb/in. (4.1kg/25.4 mm) of hip width at the seat, whichever is greater.Reference U.S. Department of H
21、ealth, Education, and WelfarePediatric Growth Development Chart 1983.6. Passenger Carrying Devices6.1 Design of SeatsDesign passenger seating to provideadequate support padding and containment for the passengersbody during operation, and to be consistent with the designintent of the ride.6.2 Methods
22、 of RestraintWhere appropriate, base thepassenger restraint on the design intent of the ride or devicewith consideration given, but not limited to, the height, speed,and forces on passengers.6.3 Passenger ClearanceDesign clearance to minimizethe opportunity for contact between a contained passenger
23、andany object where said contact is likely to cause injury duringoperation of a ride or device.7. Amusement Ride and Device Structures7.1 Metal StructuresWhere applicable, design metalstructures in accordance with the AISC Manual of SteelConstruction, as applicable.7.1.1 Allowable loads or stresses
24、as indicated in the AISCManual of Steel Construction shall be reduced as deemedadequate by the manufacturer/designer, to allow for specialcombinations of conditions which may include, but are notlimited to, stress concentrations, shock, dynamics, load cycles,degree of risk, and environment.7.2 Timbe
25、r StructuresDesign timber structures in accor-dance with USDAAgricultural Handbook 72, Revision 0, TheWood Handbook.7.2.1 Allowable loads or stresses as indicated by the abovedata shall be reduced as deemed adequate by the manufacturer/designer to allow for special combinations of conditions thatmay
26、 include, but are not limited to, stress concentrations,shock, dynamics, load cycles, degree of risk, and environment.7.3 WeldingWelding and welding procedures shall be inaccordance with American Welding Society (ANSI/AWSD1.1) or American Society of Mechanical Engineers, or otherequivalent standards
27、, and be performed by appropriately cer-tified or qualified welders as required by the standard.7.4 Bolting SpecificationsAll threaded fasteners used onan amusement ride or device in connecting components shallmeet accepted engineering standards for each application in thesystem, and grade shall be
28、identified where appropriate.7.5 Chain and Wire RopeChain and wire rope used in ridesystems shall meet existing industrial ratings considering theloads, conditions, dynamics, and potential fatigue involved.7.6 Air-Supported StructuresWhere applicable, air-supported structures shall be designed and m
29、anufactured withflame-resistant materials that meet or exceed a 2-s flame-outstandard.7.6.1 Hold-down provisions shall be designed for thestructure to allow operation of the device within the windconditions specified by the manufacturer.7.6.2 Provision shall be made to ensure that patrons cannotconc
30、eal themselves from the operators view.7.6.3 Enclosed structures shall have within 100 ft of thenormal point of egress adequately lighted emergency exits.7.6.4 Power failure, of an inflation means, shall not increasethe risk of injury to anyone on the device.7.7 Fall ProtectionThe manufacturer of an
31、 amusementride or device shall provide appropriate anchorage points forattachment of personal fall arrest systems that may be usedduring routine assembly, disassembly, maintenance, and in-spection. Personal fall arrest systems shall meet the minimumdesign requirements specified in OSHA 29 CFR PART19
32、26.502 (d).8. Electrical Components8.1 Design, manufacture, and install electrical componentsin accordance with the National Electric Code or the equiva-lent.8.2 Emergency stop circuits shall be energized systemswhich are fail-safe in case of power failure.8.3 The emergency stop switches shall be ma
33、nually reset.The resetting of the stop switch shall not start the ride.9. Hydraulic Components9.1 The applicable provisions of ANSI (NFPA/JIC)T2.24.11991 or the equivalent shall be used as the standardfor the design and manufacture of fixed and portable Amuse-ment Rides and Devices except as expande
34、d or modified in theF 1159 03a2following sections or subsections. This section shall apply toall Amusement Rides and Devices manufactured after January1, 1999.9.2 Deviation from ANSI T2-24-1, section 6.7.1, shall bepermitted only when components are designed for highertemperature operation and adequ
35、ate shielding is provided toprevent hot fluid from reaching any passenger or observer on ornear the Ride or Device.9.3 Changes or additions, or both, to ANSI T2.24.1 shall beincorporated for use in the design and manufacture of Amuse-ment Rides and Devices as defined by subsections herein.9.3.1 The
36、following changes (bold)toANSI T2.24.1, Sec-tion 7.2.3.1 are incorporated as follows:7.2.3.1 Adjustments of control should not require accessbetween, over or in close proximity to moving equipment orparts.9.3.2 The following deletion (bold)toANSI T2.24.1, Sec-tion 7.4.1 is incorporated as follows:7.
37、4.1 Emergency stop and/or return controlsDelete in its entirety, item e: e) Shall provide a blockingdevice in servovalve(s) supply line(s).9.3.3 The following changes (bold)toANSI T2.24.1, Sec-tion 7.7.1 are incorporated as follows:7.7.1 Emergency safety device or meansWhen the possibility exists th
38、at undesirable motion will resultdue to an emergency or uncontrolled stop condition, a deviceor means shall be provided in the proportional or servocontrol circuit to prevent such motion.9.3.4 The following changes (bold)toANSI T2.24.1, Sec-tion 12.2.4 are incorporated as follows:12.2.4 Filters shou
39、ld be sized to provide a minimum of 800hours of operation under normal system conditions.9.3.5 The following changes (bold) or deletions (bold)toANSI T2.24.1, Section 18.3.4 are incorporated as follows:18.3.4 Diagnostic pressure test points, when used, shouldbe, accessibly installed in hydraulic cir
40、cuits to verify systempressure, and also where pressure can be adjusted from themain system pressure.9.3.6 The following deletions (bold)toANSI T2.24.1,Section 18.5 are incorporated as follows:18.5 Oil samplingSample test points shall be made available close to hydraulicpumps and at other key locati
41、ons for the purpose of checkingfluid for contamination. Sample test points must provide safe,reliable access to fluid while under full system pressure.9.4 Position LimitsEffective means are provided to pre-vent a linear actuator, where piston and rod are the samediameter, from traveling beyond to ph
42、ysical limits of theactuator.9.5 System FailuresIn the event of a system failure ormalfunction of the hydraulic system, the velocity or accelera-tion, or both, shall be controlled with respect to forces actingon the passengers.10. Pneumatics10.1 Maximum pressure shall not exceed the componentrating.
43、10.2 Pneumatic storage tanks shall conform to ASMEBoiler and Pressure Vessel Code, Section VIII, Division 1 orSAE J-10.10.3 Pneumatic accumulators shall conform to ASME pres-sure vessel standards.10.4 Pneumatic tubing hose and fittings shall conform toSAE standards or the equivalent.10.5 Loss of air
44、 pressure below design minimums in criticalapplications shall cause the system to revert to the appropriateemergency mode.10.6 The pneumatic system shall include components toprovide lubrication and moisture extraction where deemedappropriate by the designer.10.7 Where deemed appropriate by the desi
45、gner, provisionsshall be made for dumping accumulator tanks when systemsare shut down.11. Operator Controls11.1 Design operator controls to be located within easyreach of the operator when the operator is in a position toobserve the ride while the ride is in operation.11.2 Operator control systems s
46、hall be designed to avoidunintentional activation.11.3 Operator controls shall be identified in the Englishlanguage as to their function.11.4 Operator control system design shall incorporate acontrol access system.12. Brakes12.1 The design shall provide sufficient braking capacity tosatisfy the desi
47、gners recommended operation parameters.12.1.1 Design a block system for those rides and deviceswhere, by the ride design, it is necessary to prevent indepen-dent passenger carrying units from occupying the same blocksection of the ride.12.2 Design critical braking systems to be energized sys-tems wh
48、ich remain activated in the event of power failure,where appropriate.12.3 Operator-monitored braking systems designed to benormally activated in the absence of the operator shall beconsidered by the designer.13. Machine Guards13.1 Design machine guards to protect employees andguests from hazards ass
49、ociated with, but not limited to, belts,chains, and pulleys.14. Fencing for Amusement Rides and DevicesManufactured After January 1, 199314.1 When fences and gates are designed and manufacturedto provide protection to spectators and riders, they shall beconstructed to meet the following minimum requirements:14.1.1 They shall be a height of at least 42 in. above thesurface on which the spectators or riders stand.14.1.2 They shall be constructed in such a fashion so as toreject a 4-in. ball at all openings.14.1.3 They shall be designed, constructed, and erected
