1、Designation: E 501 08Standard Specification forStandard Rib Tire for Pavement Skid-Resistance Tests1This standard is issued under the fixed designation E 501; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revisio
2、n. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This specification covers the general requirements forthe standard rib tire for pavement skid-resistance testing. Thetire covered
3、by this specification is for use in evaluation oftire-pavement friction.1.2 The terminology in this specification is consistent withTerminology E 867.1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regardedas standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematicalconversions to SI units that
4、are provided for information onlyand are not considered standard.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D 297 Test Methods for Rubber ProductsChemicalAnalysisD 412 Test Methods for Vulcanized Rubber and Thermo-plastic ElastomersTensionD 1054 Test Method for Rubber PropertyResilience Us-ing a Goo
5、dyear-Healey Rebound PendulumD 1765 Classification System for Carbon Blacks Used inRubber ProductsD 2240 Test Method for Rubber PropertyDurometerHardnessD 3182 Practice for RubberMaterials, Equipment, andProcedures for Mixing Standard Compounds and Prepar-ing Standard Vulcanized SheetsE 867 Terminol
6、ogy Relating to Vehicle-Pavement Systems3. Materials and Manufacture3.1 The individual standard tires shall conform to the designstandards of Section 5. Dimensions, weights, and permissiblevariations are given in Section 6 and in Fig. 1 and Fig. 2.3.2 Tread compounding, fabric processing, and all st
7、eps intire manufacturing shall be certified to ensure that the specifi-cations are met.3.3 A small raised guideline shall be molded on the tireshoulder area to provide a rapid visual check as to whether themaximum wear level for testing has been reached. Tires shouldactually be removed from service
8、as recommended in 11.5. Themarking on the tire, as suggested in Fig. 1, and curb ribs shallbe molded on both sides of the tire.3.4 Fig. 1 is a photograph of the standard tire, and Fig. 2 isa cross section of a typical tire.33.5 Tire should be mounted so that it is rotated in thedirection of the arro
9、w on the side of the tire. See Fig. 1.4. Material Requirements4.1 The compounding requirements for the tread compoundare given in Table 1.4.2 FabricThe fabric shall be polyester body or carcassplies and fiber glass belt plies.NOTE 1Certain proprietary products have been specified since exactduplicat
10、ion of properties of the finished tire may not be achieved withother similar products. This inclusion does not in any way comprise arecommendation for these proprietary products nor against similar prod-ucts of other manufacturers, nor does it imply any superiority over anysuch similar products.5. P
11、hysical Requirements Physical Requirements5.1 The physical and mechanical test requirements are givenin Table 2.6. Dimensions, Weights, and Permissible Variations6.1 GeneralDetails of dimensions are listed as followsand are shown in Fig. 2. When tolerances are not specified, tiredimensions are subje
12、ct to manufacturers normal tolerances.1This specification is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee E17 on Vehicle- Pavement Systems and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E17.24 on Tireand Slider Characteristics.Current edition approved June 1, 2008. Published June 2008. Originallyapprov
13、ed in 1973. Last previous edition approved in 2006 as E 501 06.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM websit
14、e.3ASTM E 501 tire is available from Specialty Tires of America, P.O. Box 749,1600 Washington St., Indiana, PA 15701.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.6.1.1 ConstructionThe tire shall be a size G78-15 tube-less type, be
15、lted bias construction (two body plies plus two beltplies). The tread width shall be 5.85 in. (148.6 mm) and thecross-sectional tread radius shall be 15.50 6 2.0 in. (393.7650.8 mm). The tire shall have a recommended cross-sectionwidth of 8.35 in. (212.1 mm) and a recommended sectionheight of 6.34 i
16、n. (161.0 mm) when mounted on a Tire and RimMarking on TireG 7815Standard Pavement Test TireNot for General Highway UseASTM Designation: E 501Manufacturers Name or TrademarkRim: 15x6JJFIG. 1 Test TireFIG. 2 Tire Section, Including Inflated Tire DimensionsE501082Association 15 by 6JJ rim. The cured c
17、rown angles shall be 336 2 for the body plies, and 27 6 2 for the belt plies.6.1.2 RibsThe tire shall have seven plain ribs of 0.66 in.(16.8 mm) width each. Both sides of the shoulder ribs shall beparallel from the tread surface down to a depth equal to thewear guideline.6.1.3 GroovesThe tire shall
18、have six straight grooves of0.20 in. (5.08 mm) width each. Each groove shall be parallel tothe radius of the tread-radius arc and shall have a full radius atthe bottom of the groove. Each groove shall have a uniformskid depth of 0.385 in. (9.8 mm) maximum and shall have anunder-tread thickness of 0.
19、10 in. (2.5 mm).6.1.4 Wear IndicatorsThere shall be six rows of treadwear indicators spaced uniformly around the tire circumferenceand directly across the full tread width in all six grooves. Thesetread wear indicators shall be 0.063 in. (1.6 mm) deep andapproximately 0.50 in. (12.7 mm) long.Avisual
20、 wear guidelineshall be located on the shoulder of the tire 0.22 in. (5.6 mm)from the tread surface as shown in Fig. 2.7. Workmanship7.1 Tires shall be free of defects in workmanship andmaterial.8. Test Methods8.1 Tensile Sheet CurePractice D 3182.8.2 Modulus (300 %)Test Methods D 412.8.3 Tensile Sh
21、eet DurometerTest Method D 2240, using aType A Shore durometer.8.4 Restored Energy (Rebound or Resilience)Test MethodD 1054.8.5 Specific GravityTest Methods D 297.8.6 Tensile StrengthTest Methods D 412.8.7 ElongationTest Methods D 412.8.8 Tire Tread DurometerTest Method D 2240, in addi-tion to the f
22、ollowing specific procedures:8.8.1 Use a Type A durometer. (A 0.5-in. (12.7-mm) diam-eter presser foot, Shore, code XAHAF is recommended.)8.8.2 The durometer shall be calibrated at a reading of 60hardness.8.8.3 Condition the tire and durometer to equilibrium at73.4 6 3.6F (23 6 2C) before determinin
23、g tread hardness.8.8.4 The tire tread hardness is to be determined by aver-aging at least one set of six readings. A set is one reading takenin the center of each rib, excluding the center rib. It isrecommended that additional sets of readings be taken aroundthe tread circumference.8.8.5 Apply press
24、er foot to the tire tread as rapidly aspossible without shock, keeping the foot parallel to the treadsurface. Apply just sufficient pressure to obtain firm contactbetween presser foot and tire tread surface. Read the durometerscale within 1 s after presser foot is in contact with the tiretread, but
25、after initial maximum transient which may occurimmediately after contact is made.9. Certification9.1 Tires are to be inflated and measured prior to shipment.Upon request, the manufacturer shall furnish the purchasercertification that the test tire meets this specification.9.2 All tires under certifi
26、cation shall be subject to themanufacturers normal variation.10. Packaging and Preservation10.1 The tires should be kept dry under ordinary atmo-spheric conditions in subdued light, 70 6 25F (21 6 13.8C).Tires should not be stored near electric motors, welders, orother ozone generating equipment.11.
27、 Recommendations for Tire Use and OperationalRequirements11.1 The tire is for skid testing only and is not designed forgeneral highway service. Necessary transport of test equipmentshould be on commercial tires.11.2 A new tire break-in of 200 miles (320 km) minimumshould be made on tires by the purc
28、haser before using the tirefor testing.11.3 The tire shall be operated with not less than 24 psi (165kPa) inflation.11.4 The recommended static test load on the tire shall be1085 lbf (4826 N), with loading to a maximum of 1380 lbf(6138 N) permissible, at 24 psi (165 kPa) inflation.11.5 When irregula
29、r wear or damage results from tests orwhen the remaining groove depth in any groove is 0.165 in.(4.2 mm) or less, the use of the tire as a standard test tire shallbe discontinued.11.6 CautionMeasured friction force and skid number(SN) may be influenced by tire groove depth, or tread hardness,or both
30、. The magnitude of this dependence is a function of thewater depth, pavement characteristics, test speed, and tireaging effects.TABLE 1 Compounding of Tread RubberAMaterial PPHRSBR 1712B89.38BR 1208C35.00Zinc oxide 3.00Stearic acid 2.00Paraffin wax 2.00N339D75.006PPDE2.00High aromatic oil 22.12TBBSF
31、1.10DPGG0.10Sulfur 1.80ASee Practice D 3182.BStyrene-butadiene rubber (23.5 % styrene) 37.5 parts of high-aromatic oil.CHigh cis-polybutadiene.DN339 Carbon Black, see Classification D 1765.EDimethyl butylphenyl phenylenediamine.FButyl benzothiazole sulfenamide.GDiphenyl guanidine.TABLE 2 Physical Pr
32、operties of Tread CompoundTensile Sheet Cure, min. at 302F (150C) 30300 % modulus, psi (Test Methods D 412) 1000 6 200Specific gravity (Test Methods D 297) 1.13 6 0.02Tensile strength, min psi (Test Methods D 412) 2000Elongation, min % (Test Methods D 412) 500Tire tread durometer (Test Method D 2240
33、)586 2E501083ASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentionedin this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the riskof infringement of suc
34、h rights, are entirely their own responsibility.This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every five years andif not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn. Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for addit
35、ional standardsand should be addressed to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of theresponsible technical committee, which you may attend. If you feel that your comments have not received a fair hearing you shouldmake your views known to the
36、 ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address shown below.This standard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,United States. Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the aboveaddress or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or serviceastm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website(www.astm.org).E501084
