1、Designation: F 22 02 (Reapproved 2007)Standard Test Method forHydrophobic Surface Films by the Water-Break Test1This standard is issued under the fixed designation F 22; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of originaladoption or, in the case of revision, the year of l
2、ast revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A superscriptepsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.1. Scope1.1 This test method covers the detection
3、 of the presence ofhydrophobic (nonwetting) films on surfaces and the presenceof hydrophobic organic materials in processing ambients.When properly conducted, the test will enable detection ofmolecular layers of hydrophobic organic contaminants. Onvery rough or porous surfaces, the sensitivity of th
4、e test may besignificantly decreased.1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as thestandard. The inch-pound values given in parentheses are forinformation only.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibili
5、ty of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D 351 Classification for Natural Muscovite Block Mica andThins Based on Visual Quality3. Terminolog
6、y3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 hydrophilichaving a strong affinity for water, wet-table.3.1.2 hydrophobichaving little affinity for water, nonwet-table.4. Summary of Test Method4.1 The water-break test is performed by withdrawing thesurface to be tested, in a vertical position, from a containeroverflowing w
7、ith water. The interpretation of the test is basedupon the pattern of wetting. In the absence of hydrophobicfilms, the draining water layer will remain as a film over thesurface. In areas where hydrophobic materials are present onthe surface, the draining water layer will break up into adiscontinuou
8、s film within one minute.5. Significance and Use5.1 The water-break test as described in this test method isnondestructive and may be used for control and evaluation ofprocesses for the removal of hydrophobic contaminants. Thetest may also be used for the detection and control ofhydrophobic contamin
9、ants in processing ambients. For thisapplication, a surface free of hydrophobic films is exposed tothe ambient and subsequently tested.6. Interferences6.1 Loss of sensitivity may result from either of the follow-ing factors:6.1.1 The presence of hydrophilic substances on the surfaceto be tested, in
10、the test equipment, or in the test materials, or6.1.2 An unusually rough or porous surface condition.7. Apparatus7.1 Overflow Container, such as a glass beaker.7.2 Low Power Microscope,(5to503) and light source forobservation of small piece parts.8. Reagents and Materials8.1 Purity of ReagentsReagen
11、t grade chemicals shall beused in all tests. Unless otherwise indicated, it is intended thatall reagents shall conform to the specifications of the Commit-tee onAnalytical Reagents of theAmerican Chemical Society,3where such specifications are available. Other grades may beused, provided it is first
12、 ascertained that the reagent is ofsufficiently high purity to permit its use without lessening theaccuracy of the determination.8.2 Purity of WaterDeionized or distilled water is pre-ferred. Water of higher ionic content may render the test1This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committ
13、ee E21 on SpaceSimulation and Applications of Space Technology and is the direct responsibility ofSubcommittee E21.05 on Contamination.Current edition approved April 1, 2007. Published April 2007. Originallyapproved in 1962. Last previous edition approved in 2002 as F 22 02.2For referenced ASTM stan
14、dards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3Reagent Chemicals, American Chemical Society Specifications , AmericanChemical Societ
15、y, Washington, DC. For suggestions on the testing of reagents notlisted by the American Chemical Society, see Analar Standards for LaboratoryChemicals, BDH Ltd., Poole, Dorset, U.K., and the United States Pharmacopeiaand National Formulary, U.S. Pharmacopeial Convention, Inc. (USPC), Rockville,MD.1C
16、opyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.destructive. The water used must be free of hydrophobic andhydrophilic substances.NOTE 1The freedom of the water from hydrophobic and hydrophiliccontamination may be determined in accorda
17、nce with Section 9.8.3 Acetone.8.4 Mica Blanks, preferably 25 by 50 by 0.38 mm (1 by 2 by0.015 in.) or larger, having minimum ASTM Quality V6 asdescribed in Classification D 351.8.5 Oleic or Stearic AcidA 0.05 % solution in acetone.9. Calibration and Standardization9.1 Freedom of the test equipment
18、and materials fromhydrophobic contamination shall be determined as described in10.1 on a mica sheet having both surfaces freshly cleaved. Ifwater-break does not occur within 1 min after withdrawal ofthe freshly cleaved mica surface from the overflow container,the test equipment and materials shall b
19、e considered free ofhydrophobic contamination for this test.9.2 To ensure the freedom of the test equipment andmaterials from hydrophilic contamination, a mica sheet havingboth surfaces freshly cleaved, from which the solvent from 1drop (0.05 to 0.10 mL) of a 0.05 % solution of oleic or stearicacid
20、in acetone has been allowed to evaporate shall, whentested, clearly show within 1 min the demarkation between theclean and contaminated areas.10. Procedure10.1 Testing of SurfacesWithdraw the test surface, in avertical position, from the container overflowing with water.10.2 Testing of AmbientsExpos
21、e a freshly cleaved micasurface to the ambient and subsequently continue as describedin 11.1.NOTE 2Exposure may be by immersion of the mica surface in theambient or by deposition of a sample of the ambient on the mica surface.11. Interpretation of Results11.1 Surfaces tested as described in 10.1 sha
22、ll be consideredfree of hydrophobic contaminants by this test method if thedraining water layer remains as a thin continuous film over thesurface for 1 min after withdrawal of the surface from theoverflow container. If hydrophobic contaminants are present,as evidenced by formation of a discontinuous
23、 water film within1 min after withdrawal of the surface from the overflowcontainer, the length of time necessary for the water-break tooccur is a rough indication of the degree of contamination.12. Keywords12.1 hydrophilic films; organic contamination; surfacecontaminationASTM International takes no
24、 position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentionedin this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the riskof infringement of such rights, are entirely their own respons
25、ibility.This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every five years andif not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn. Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standardsand should be addressed t
26、o ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of theresponsible technical committee, which you may attend. If you feel that your comments have not received a fair hearing you shouldmake your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the add
27、ress shown below.This standard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,United States. Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the aboveaddress or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or serviceastm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website(www.astm.org).F 22 02 (2007)2
