1、Designation: F 129 97 (Reapproved 2002)Standard Practice forAmount of Ink Deposit on Carbon Paper and Inked Ribbons,Other Than Fabric Type1This standard is issued under the fixed designation F 129; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the cas
2、e of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This practice covers the determination of the amount ofink deposit on carbon paper and ink
3、ed ribbons, other thanfabric type.1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limita
4、tions prior to use. See specificwarning statements in 6.1 and 9.3.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:D 685 Practice for Conditioning Paper and Paper Productsfor Testing2F 221 Terminology Relating to Carbon Paper and InkedRibbon Products and Images Made Therefrom23. Terminology3.1 For definiti
5、ons of terms used in this practice, refer toTerminology F 221.4. Summary of Practice4.1 The amount of ink deposit is gravimetrically deter-mined by analytically weighing a conditioned test specimen.The ink deposit is removed by the use of a suitable solvent inan ultrasonic cleaner. The sample with t
6、he coating is condi-tioned and reweighed. The amount of ink deposit is calculated.5. Apparatus5.1 Analytical Balance, with a sensitivity to 0.1 mg.5.2 Ultrasonic Bath, with or without heater.5.3 Template or Cutter (Note 1), for ease in calculatingream weight of carbon paper and coated film. The size
7、 of thistemplate should be 2.2 by 3 in. (56 by 76 mm). However, anysize sample is suitable if the proper conversion factor and anappropriately sensitive balance are employed.NOTE 1The template is prepared from flat steel stock. The thicknessdepends on the amount of use and should be thick enough to
8、lie flat.6. Reagent6.1 Care should be taken to select the extraction solvent sothat only the ink is removed from substrates. (WarningVapors from solvents can be toxic when inhaled over pro-longed periods. Some solvents commonly used may be listedas carcinogenic. Other are flammable and suitable prec
9、autionsshould be taken. Handle with care and use only in properlyventilated area to avoid breathing vapors. A fume hood isrecommended.)7. Test Specimen7.1 Cut a representative test sample of the desired size fromthe conditioned specimen using a template. The use of a punchand die system is strongly
10、recommended.8. Conditioning8.1 Allow the test specimen to stabilize under room condi-tions for 15 min for routine testing.8.2 Allow the test specimen to condition1hat23.06 2.0Cand 506 2 % relative humidity for a more precise determina-tion (see Practice D 685).9. Procedure9.1 Place the sample coatin
11、g on a sheet of flat, smoothcardboard and accurately cut a sample 2.2 by 3 in. (56 by 76mm) or an equivalent area of the carbon paper or film coatingthat has been conditioned in accordance with 8.1 or 8.2.9.2 Weigh the sample on an analytical balance. Record thisweight to the nearest 0.1 mg as coate
12、d weight.9.3 Set-up the ultrasonic bath by first filling the tank with atransfer medium (for example, warm tap water plus a wettingagent/detergent). Place two glass beakers (400 or 600 mLsuggested) of the desired solvent in a beaker positioning coverto suspend the beakers in the bath. Plug in the ul
13、trasonic bathand turn power ON. If using a bath with a heater, turn the heatswitch to ON and allow the bath to stabilize to desiredtemperature. Heat may be necessary to remove some coatings.(WarningTemperature of the bath should not exceed theboiling point of the solvent.)9.4 Place the conditioned s
14、ample into a beaker of thedesired solvent. Remove as much of the coating as possible by1This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F05 on BusinessImaging Productsand is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F05.02 on InkedTransfer Imaging Products.Current edition approved March
15、 10, 1997. Published May 1997. Originallypublished as F 129 70. Last previous edition F 129 84 (1988).2Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 15.09.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.this method. If necessary to remove any r
16、emaining ink deposit,carefully clean with solvent on a cloth. (The use of protectivegloves is recommended.) Rinse the sample in the secondbeaker of clean solvent. Allow the sample to condition inaccordance with 8.1 or 8.2.9.5 Weigh the sample and record the result to the nearest 0.1mg. Record as dec
17、oated weight.10. Calculation10.1 Calculate the difference between the initial weight andthe weight after the ink deposit has been removed.10.2 The above calculated weight times 100 will give thepounds per ream of the ink deposit for a ream size of 20 by 30in. by 500 sheets (20 3 30 500). To convert
18、the depositweight in pounds per ream (20 3 30 500) to grams persquare metre, multiply the deposit weight by 2.34.10.3 If a sample size other than 2.2 by 3.0 in. (56 by 76mm) is used, the following formula can be used to calculate theweight: Weight of ink deposit in pounds per ream(20 3 30 500) is eq
19、ual to 661 times the ink deposit in gramsdivided by sample size in square inches.NOTE 2Use of a sample of 6.34 in.2(40.90 cm2), usually cut 2.0 by3.17 in. (50.8 by 80.5 mm) will provide a direct reading for a 20 by 30 in.by 480 sheets (20 3 30 480). Cutting the samples to provide exact reamweight da
20、ta provides an automatic check on the tissue or paper weightfrom the uncoated sample data.11. Report11.1 Report the amount of ink deposit in pounds per reambased on a 20 by 30 in. by 500 sheet (20 3 30 500) ream size(or grams per square metre, see 10.2).11.2 Report the solvent used.APPENDIX(Nonmanda
21、tory Information)X1. BASIS FOR ESTABLISHMENT OF PRACTICEX1.1 The current practice is designed to measure theamount of ink deposit on carbon paper and inked ribbons otherthan fabric using a single solvent or a combination of solvents.X1.2 The solvent used for years in the industry has been1,1,1-trich
22、loroethane. Since this solvent is considered anOzone Depleting Substance (ODS), production of this materialceased at the end of 1995. Another solvent used, but not on theODS list, is 1,1,1-trichloroethylene. This material, however, isconsidered more toxic than 1,1,1-trichloroethane.X1.3 Due to the d
23、emand for solvents to replace ODS andother solvents considered hazardous, many alternate solventshave been developed. In order to check the effectiveness ofalternate solvents on an inked piece of fabric, 1,1,1-trichloroethane if still available, or 1,1,1-trichloroethylenewould need to be used as the
24、 standard solvent.X1.4 Suggested List of Alternate Solvent(s):X1.4.1 The following list of solvents is not an attempt to listsolvents that are considered non-hazardous but solvents thathave been found to remove ink to a degree from the fabricindividually or by using a solvent in one beaker and a dif
25、ferentsolvent in a second beaker.methyl ethyl ketone2-Pyrrolidinone-1-methylmineral spiritsisopropyl alcoholalcohol and glycol etherX1.4.2 It is recommended that the extraction solvent se-lected be agreed to by interested parties when applicable.ASTM International takes no position respecting the va
26、lidity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentionedin this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the riskof infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.This standard is su
27、bject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every five years andif not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn. Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standardsand should be addressed to ASTM International Headqu
28、arters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of theresponsible technical committee, which you may attend. If you feel that your comments have not received a fair hearing you shouldmake your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address shown below.This stand
29、ard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,United States. Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the aboveaddress or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or serviceastm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website(www.astm.org).F 129 97 (2002)2
