1、Designation: E3105 17Standard Specification forPermanent Coatings Used to Mitigate Spread of RadioactiveContamination1This standard is issued under the fixed designation E3105; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the ye
2、ar of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This specification is intended to provide a basis foridentification of non-removable permanent coatings and fixa
3、-tives as a long-term measure used to immobilize radioactivecontamination, minimize worker exposure, and to protectuncontaminated areas against the spread of radioactive con-tamination.1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regardedas standard. The values given in parentheses are mathem
4、aticalconversions to SI units that are provided for information onlyand are not considered standard.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and heal
5、th practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.4 This international standard was developed in accor-dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-ization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards, Gu
6、ides and Recom-mendations issued by the World Trade Organization TechnicalBarriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D4060 Test Method for Abrasion Resistance of OrganicCoatings by the Taber AbraserD4541 Test Method for Pull-Off Strength of Coatings UsingPortable Ad
7、hesion Testers3. Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 contamination, nradioactive material in an un-wanted location.3.1.2 environmental conditions, nexternal factors thatmay contribute to the performance of the coating, including,but not limited to, temperature, humidity, and ventilation.3.1.3 long-term
8、 measure, ngreater than six months.3.1.4 lower flammability limit (LFL), nthe lower end ofthe concentration range over which a flammable mixture of gasor vapor in air can be ignited at a given temperature andpressure.3.1.5 permanent coating, na non-removable, durablefilm-forming product used to phys
9、ically or chemically hold orbind radioactive particulate.3.1.6 waste acceptance criteria (WAC), nthe criteria that amaterial must meet for acceptance in a waste disposal site;these criteria may vary per disposal site.3.1.7 working time, nthe time period between the openingof the material storage con
10、tainer or mixing of components untilthe prepared material can no longer be successfully applied toa surface.4. Significance and Use4.1 Some of these specifications may prove difficult to meet.A product that meets some, but not all, of the performancespecifications herein may have value, and this spe
11、cificationmay be used as a guide by which to evaluate such products.4.2 This specification establishes performance specifica-tions for permanent coatings that are intended to immobilizedispersible radioactive contamination deposited on buildingsand equipment as might result from anticipated to unant
12、ici-pated events to include normal operating conditions,decommissioning, and radiological release.4.3 The coating is intended to be a permanent, non-removable, long-term material used for decommissioning andoperations. It is intended to reduce: (1) migration of thecontamination into or along buildin
13、gs, equipment, and othersurfaces; (2) resuspension of contamination into the air; and (3)the spread of contamination as a result of external forces suchas pedestrian traffic.1This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E10 on NuclearTechnology and Applications and is the direct resp
14、onsibility of SubcommitteeE10.03 on Radiological Protection for Decontamination and Decommissioning ofNuclear Facilities and Components.Current edition approved July 1, 2017. Published July 2017. DOI: 10.1520/E3105172For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM
15、 Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United StatesThis international standard was
16、developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.14.4 The perman
17、ent coating is intended to reduce the air-borne intake hazards of the radioactive contamination.4.5 The permanent coating shall be applicable to bothvertical and horizontal surfaces.4.6 The permanent coating should be able to work within arange of environmental and radiological conditions.4.7 The pe
18、rmanent coating should be applicable to bothporous and nonporous materials such as concrete, wood, metal,ceramics, and plastics.4.8 The permanent coating may include constituents thatwill physically or chemically bind and hold radioactive con-tamination.5. Mechanical Properties5.1 The permanent coat
19、ing shall be compatible with at leastone of the following application systems: conventional orremote spray, foam, brush, fog, or roll.5.2 The permanent coating shall immobilize radioactivecontamination physically, chemically, or both.5.3 The permanent coating shall have sufficient mechanicalproperti
20、es to withstand long term wear associated with inci-dental abrasion and abrasive foot traffic that are likely to causeresuspension or transport of the stabilized contaminant.5.4 For use in areas of surveillance and maintenance, adesirable characteristic is to have a surface that is easilydecontamina
21、ted.5.5 The permanent coating should be readily applied to thedesired surface without significant surface preparation(cleaning, sanding, primer layer, etc.)5.6 The permanent coating should have sufficient mechani-cal properties to withstand contingency events such as earth-quakes as outlined in a fa
22、cilitiessafety design basis document.6. Chemical Properties6.1 The permanent coating shall not include nor generatetoxic by-products as defined by the U.S. Occupational Safetyand Health Administration (OSHA) during preparation,application, or removal for disposal under normal conditions.ASafety Data
23、 Sheet must be provided so that appropriatepersonal protective equipment can be selected.6.2 The permanent coating shall not generate flammableby-products above 20% of the lower flammability limit (LFL).6.3 The permanent coating should seek to limit the propa-gation of flame across the surface.6.4 T
24、he permanent coating should seek to limit smokeproduction upon incident flame.6.5 The permanent coating should not sustain a flame uponremoval of an ignition source.6.6 The permanent coating shall be non-volatile after curingwith respect to chemical interaction.6.7 The permanent coating shall mainta
25、in a near neutral pH(5-8) before curing.6.8 The permanent coating should not attract or be afoodstuff for animals, insects, pests, or undesirable bacteria.6.9 The permanent coating shall be chemically nonhazard-ous after curing as defined by the U.S. Environmental Protec-tion Agency (EPA).7. Perform
26、ance Requirements7.1 Shelf LifeThe permanent coating shall have a shelf lifein accordance with 8.1.7.2 Working TimeThe permanent coating shall exhibit aworking time sufficient to meet a realistic application rate.Working time is heavily dependent on the method of applica-tion. The application method
27、 is purposely left unconstrainedand is up to the manufacturer to prescribe.7.3 Cure TimeThe permanent coating shall exhibit acuring time sufficient to meet realistic operational and envi-ronmental conditions (that is, 24 h).The permanent coatingshall form a film that meets the physical, mechanical,
28、and otherrequirements listed in Sections 48 of this specification.7.4 The permanent coating shall prevent release of radioac-tive particles when applied to the following surfaces commonlyfound in a working environment under normal wear conditions:concrete, asphalt, granite, limestone, brick, aluminu
29、m, stainlesssteel, painted and unpainted steel, painted and unpainted wood,glass, and plastic.7.5 The permanent coating shall maintain a film such thatsignificant amounts of respirable particles (10 m) of thecoating material are not generated during instantaneous eventshaving a 3 min duration such a
30、s abrasion, impact, or earth-quake.7.6 The permanent coating shall remain intact in accordancewith Section 8.7.7 The permanent coating should be impermeable to waterpresent from both leakage sources and ambient humidity.7.8 The permanent coating should be compatible withtemperature cycles ranging fr
31、om -40 to 120 F for facilitieswithout environmental regulating systems.7.9 The permanent coating should be compliant with wasteacceptance criteria (WAC) for potential disposition in thoseinstances where required. The permanent coating should beeasily segregated to allow for ease of waste package suc
32、h thatcompliance with WAC can be easily satisfied.7.10 The permanent coating shall immobilize contaminationmaterial that is both respirable (10 m) and non-respirable(10 m).8. Minimum Performance Criteria8.1 Shelf LifeMinimum of 2 years.8.2 Adhesion (Test Method D4541) 50 psi (345 kPa) onconcrete und
33、er normal environmental conditions.8.3 Abrasion Resistance (Test Method D4060) 0.002 oz(50 mg) loss.8.4 Dry/Cure TimeForms film satisfying the above me-chanical criteria within 24 h of application.E3105 1728.5 Airborne Release FractionNo minimum, however adesirable characteristic would be to provide
34、 95 % immobili-zation of 10 m particles when disturbed by 50 psi air burst.8.6 Respirable FractionNo minimum, however a desir-able characteristic would be to provide 95 % immobilizationof 10 m particles when disturbed by 50 psi air burst.8.7 Radiation Resistance 1 MRad over the projectedlifetime of
35、the material.8.8 Minimum Performance Time5 years.9. Keywords9.1 cleanup; contain; encapsulate; immobilize; permanentcoating; radioactive contamination; radionuclide; resuspensionBIBLIOGRAPHY(1) ANS Glossary of Terms in Nuclear Science and Technology, Ameri-can Nuclear Society, La Grange Park, IL, 19
36、86.(2) Ebadian, M. A., “Assessment of strippable coatings for decontami-nation and decommissioning,” Jan. 1, 1998, available at http:/www.osti.gov/bridge/servlets/purl/665907-mIQzIw/webviewable/665907.pdf.(3) Tripp, J., Archibald, K., Lauerhass, L., Argyle, M., and Demmer,R., “Cleaning and Decontami
37、nation Using Strippable and Protec-tive Coatings at the Idaho National Engineering and Environmen-tal Laboratory,” March 1, 1999, available at http:/www.osti.gov/bridge/servlets/purl/8239-A64q4z/webviewable/8239.pdf(4) United States of America. Department of Energy. Office ofEnvironment, Health, Safety or through the ASTM website(www.astm.org). Permission rights to photocopy the standard may also be secured from the Copyright Clearance Center, 222Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923, Tel: (978) 646-2600; http:/ 173
