1、Designation: E2745 11Standard Specification forEvaluation and Selection of Audio Visual (AV) andProduction for Environmentally Sustainable Meetings,Events, Trade Shows, and Conferences1This standard is issued under the fixed designation E2745; the number immediately following the designation indicat
2、es the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.INTRODUCTIONThis specification offers a way to address en
3、vironmental sustainability in the meeting and eventindustry. It is a tool for event planners and suppliers to understand the attributes of an environmentallysustainable event. The goal in developing this specification is to establish common benchmarks forenvironmental performance in events for both
4、planner and supplier sectors. This specificationconsiders the creation of an environmentally sustainable event to be a partnership between plannersand their suppliers. Each plays a critical role in the effort.In this specification, options are addressed for minimizing the environmental impact of fac
5、e-to-faceevents. The approach of this specification is to focus on measurable outcomes and policies for plannersand suppliers. This maximizes the ability of businesses to select the methods best tailored to theirneeds to achieve benchmarks and measurable outcomes.1. Scope1.1 This specification delin
6、eates procedural requirementsfor the audio visual and production services associated withmeetings, events, trade shows, or conferences (hereafter, re-ferred to as events).1.2 Audio visual (AV) and production services encompassthe range of services required to provide staging, dcor, scenicelements, a
7、udio, video, lighting, and technical production.1.3 There are nine specifications covering the followingareas of event planning: destination selection, accommoda-tions, food and beverage, audio visual, onsite offices, commu-nication and marketing materials, transportation, exhibits, andvenues. Withi
8、n each specification are eight categories criteria:staff management policy, communications, waste management,energy, air quality, water, procurement, and community part-ners. Each category is further split into four progressive levelsof achievement. Information within each specification is di-vided
9、as follows: Main BodyScope, Referenced Documents,Terminology, Planner Requirements for Level 1, Supplier Re-quirements for Level 1, and Keywords; AnnexesPlannerRequirements for Levels24andSupplier Requirements forLevels24.1.4 All areas of performance under this specification maynot be relevant for e
10、ach event or for each facility or provider ofevent services. In some cases, an event planner would use thisspecification in conjunction with other specifications (forexample, Specifications E2774, E2743) or this specificationmay be used individually. In other words, elements of an eventmay be separa
11、ted and considered solely or added together andconsidered as a unit (for example, venues used individuallyversus transportation, accommodations, and destination selec-tion used in conjunction).1.5 If higher levels are achieved in some sections, the eventcan only be considered environmentally sustain
12、able at thelowest level achieved.1.6 The use of levels within this specification recognizes thepath to environmentally sustainable events is a multi-stageeffort. The idea behind the levels is to provide a coherentbaseline for measuring environmental performance, to beflexible enough to adapt to the
13、needs of more advancedplanners and to establish a performance path that encouragesfurther environmental performance improvement. In addition,the evolution of products and services to support events isexpected, allowing additional advancements and underscoringthe dynamic nature of environmental susta
14、inability. This speci-fication primarily focuses on environmental sustainability,while some aspects of economic and social sustainability areincluded recognizing the complete path toward overall sustain-ability.1This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E60 onSustainability and
15、is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E60.02 on Hospital-ity.Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2011. Published February 2012. DOI: 10.1520/E2745-11.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.1.7 The values stated in SI uni
16、ts are to be regarded asstandard. No other units of measurement are included in thisstandard.1.8 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health prac
17、tices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2E2114 Terminology for Sustainability Relative to the Per-formance of BuildingsE2743 Specification for Evaluation and Selection of Trans-portation for Environmentally Sustainable M
18、eetings,Events, Trade Shows, and ConferencesE2774 Specification for Evaluation and Selection of Venuesfor Environmentally Sustainable Meetings, Events, TradeShows, and Conferences2.2 ISO Standards:3ISO 14001 Environmental Management SystemsRequirements with Guidance for Use2.3 Federal Statutes:4Fede
19、ral Hazardous Substances Act Labeling and BanningRequirements for Chemicals and Other Hazardous Sub-stances, 15 U.S.C. 1261 and 16 C.F.R. Part 15003. Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 biodegradable, adjcapable of decomposing undernatural conditions into elements found in nature. E21143.1.2 category 1
20、 lighting, nLED wash fixtures (200 w orless), HID (170 w or less) PARs or Ellipsoidals, or LIFI Plasma(450 w or less) conventional and automated light sources.3.1.3 category 2 lighting, nhigh-efficiency traditionallight sources such as HPL575 or similar.3.1.3.1 DiscussionThis lighting is typically f
21、ound in ETCSource4,Altman Shakespeare, or Strand SL fixtures, or similar.3.1.4 category 3 lighting, nhigh-efficiency automated arclight sources such as the Martin Smart MAC orMAC250entour 150 300 w fixtures that deliver lumen outputsimilar to or greater than sources that operate at 400 575 w,and 400
22、 750 w fixtures that are similar to or greater thanother sources at 750 1200 w.3.1.5 category 4 lighting, nthree to thirty watt CFL orCCFL sources, one hundred watt or lower Halogen MR16sources, non-fixture built-in LED “nook” sources.3.1.5.1 DiscussionThis lighting is typically found in sce-nic fla
23、ts and coves, as well as PAR 38 floods.3.1.6 compostable, adjcapable of undergoing biologicaldecomposition in a compost site as part of an availableprogram where facilities exist, such that the material breaksdown into carbon dioxide, water, inorganic compounds, andbiomass, at a rate appropriate for
24、 such program.3.1.7 corporate social responsibility (CSR), na policy thatfunctions as self-regulating mechanism whereby the organiza-tion monitors and ensures its support of legal and ethicalstandards, and international norms addressing activities affect-ing the environment, consumers, employees, co
25、mmunities,stakeholders, and all other members of the public sphere.3.1.7.1 DiscussionCSR is the deliberate inclusion of pub-lic interest into corporate decision-making and the honoring ofthe triple bottom line: People, Planet, and Profit. Also knownas corporate responsibility, corporate citizenship,
26、 responsiblebusiness, sustainable responsible business (SRB), or corporatesocial performance, is a form of corporate self-regulationintegrated into a business model.3.1.8 environmentally preferable products, nproducts orservices that have a lesser or reduced effect on human healthand the environment
27、 when compared with competing productsor services that serve the same purpose.3.1.8.1 DiscussionThis comparison applies to raw mate-rials, manufacturing, packaging, distribution, use, reuse, opera-tion, maintenance, and disposal. These products may possessbiodegradable, organic, reusable, recycled,
28、or recyclable attri-butes.3.1.9 environmentally sustainable, adjenvironmental fo-cus on components, functions and systems that meets the needsof the present without compromising the ability of futuregenerations to meet their own needs.3.1.10 hazardous materials, nany material or combina-tion of mate
29、rials that because of their quantity, concentration,or physical or chemical characteristics poses an unreasonablerisk to the health and safety of persons or the environment, orboth.3.1.10.1 DiscussionHazardous materials may require spe-cial handling during storage, manufacture, processing, packag-in
30、g, use, disposal, or transportation due to one or more of thefollowing characteristics: poisonous, explosive, chemicallyactive, corrosive, toxic, or radioactive.3.1.11 local, adjrelating to or applicable to a city or townor district rather than a larger area.3.1.11.1 DiscussionThe exact distance for
31、 purposes ofsourcing goods (including food and beverage), services, andpersonnel will be determined by the planner or supplier, orboth, and be based upon the event location adjusting forlocation size and season. No standard definition exists to definelocal, inherent in this practice is the philosoph
32、y to use sourcesgeographically proximate to the event and be practical givenwide dispersion of services and products across geographicareas.3.1.12 planner, nperson whose job it is to oversee andarrange every aspect of an event; an employee or hired ad hocby large companies, professional associations
33、, or trade asso-ciations to plan, organize, implement, and control events,conventions, and other events.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standard
34、s Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3Available from International Organization for Standardization (ISO), 1, ch. dela Voie-Creuse, CP 56, CH-1211 Geneva 20, Switzerland, http:/www.iso.org.4Available from U.S. Government Printing Office Superintendent of Documents,732 N. Capitol St., NW, Mail
35、Stop: SDE, Washington, DC 20401, http:/www.access.gpo.gov.E2745 1123.1.12.1 DiscussionPlanners may include professionalswho work for government, association, corporate, or indepen-dent agencies. The planner is the buyer of event services.3.1.13 pre-consumer material, adjrefers to material thatare re
36、claimed from manufacturing and other industrial pro-cesses and products which have not served their intendedend-use as a consumer item. E21143.1.13.1 DiscussionPre-consumer materials include:culls, trimmed materials, print overruns, overissue publica-tions, and obsolete inventories.3.1.14 recovered
37、materials, nwaste material and by-products which have been recovered or diverted from the wastestream, but such term does not include those materials andby-products generated from, and commonly used within, anoriginal manufacturer process. E21143.1.15 recycle, vrecovering or reprocessing materials f
38、oruse in the form of raw materials in the manufacture of newproducts other than fuel for producing heat or power bycombustion. E21143.1.15.1 DiscussionThe use of the word recycle used inthis specification applies to planners and their suppliers whichprovide event products and services. Recycling, as
39、 defined,does not extend to the activities of the suppliers vendors orsuppliers.3.1.16 recycled content products, nproducts that containpre-consumer or post-consumer materials as all or part of theirfeedstock. E21143.1.16.1 DiscussionRecycled-content products may con-tain some pre-consumer waste, so
40、me post-consumer waste orboth. A product does not have to contain 100 % recoveredmaterials to be considered “recycled,” but clearly the higherthe percentage of recycled content, the greater the amount ofwaste that is diverted from disposal.3.1.17 request for proposal (RFP), nan invitation forsupplie
41、rs, often through a bidding process, to submit a proposalon a specific commodity or service.3.1.18 snake, ncabling used to distribute audio and videosignal.3.1.19 stakeholder, nindividuals, organizations or otherentities that directly affect or are directly affected by theplanning and execution of a
42、 specific event.3.1.19.1 DiscussionStakeholders in the event industryinclude but are not limited to: event organizer, event planner,surrounding community, convention and visitors bureau, laborunions, news media, government, attendees, hotels, airlines,maintenance personnel, material handlers, local
43、transportationcompanies and warehouses, florists, photographers, securitycompanies, medical facilities, registration companies, restau-rants, gas stations, recycling facilities, utility companies, ca-terers, audio visual providers, printers, ad specialty brokers,laundries, grocery stores, farmers, f
44、isheries, fisherman, phar-macies, and bakeries.3.1.20 supplier, npurveyor, provider, vendor, or contrac-tor offering facilities, products, or services, or any combinationthereof.3.1.21 sustainable development, ndevelopment that meetsthe needs of the present without compromising the ability offuture
45、generations to meet their own needs. E21143.1.22 sustainability, nthe maintenance of environmental,economic, and social components, functions, and systems forfuture generations. E21143.1.23 toxic, adjany substance that is likely to producepersonal injury or illness to humans when it is inhaled,swall
46、owed, or absorbed through the skin. Federal Hazard-ous Substances Act3.1.24 waste, ndiscarded residue for disposal or recovery.4. Level 1 Requirements4.1 Planner Performance Requirements:4.1.1 Staff Management Policy:4.1.1.1 The planner shall maintain a written environmentalsustainability policy for
47、 its organization, available for stake-holder review, documenting a vision, objectives and goals forsustainability that addresses all the applicable environmentalcharacteristics as described in this specification (staff manage-ment policy, communications, waste management, energy, airquality, water,
48、 procurement, and community partners).4.1.1.2 The planner shall have written environmental objec-tives and performance criteria related to the specific event thataddress all the applicable environmental characteristics asdescribed in this specification (staff management policy, com-munications, wast
49、e management, energy, air quality, water,procurement, and community partners) related to the specificevent or, and include these objectives in the RFPs.4.1.1.3 The planner shall designate one or more staff mem-bers to implement the environmental sustainability initiativesrelated to the audio visual and production components of theevent.4.1.2 Communications:4.1.2.1 The planner shall maintain records of all environ-mental efforts, and shall make those records available tostakeholders and for reference for planning future events.4.
