1、Designation: E2404 15aE2404 17 An American National StandardStandard Practice forSpecimen Preparation and Mounting of Textile, Paper orPolymeric (Including Vinyl) and Wood Wall or CeilingCoverings, Facings and Veneers, to Assess Surface BurningCharacteristics1This standard is issued under the fixed
2、designation E2404; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revis
3、ion or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This practice describes procedures for specimen preparation and mounting when testing textile, paper, vinyl, expanded vinylor other polymeric wall or ceiling covering materials to assess flame spread and smoke development as surface burningcharacteristics using Test Met
4、hod E84.1.2 This practice applies also to facings or wood veneers intended to be applied on site over a wood substrate (see 8.7).1.3 This practice applies also to water-resistive barriers that are used as a component of exterior wall systems, as part of theexterior envelope (see 3.2.10 and 8.9).1.4
5、This practice does not apply to the following:1.4.1 Laminated products factory produced with a wood substrate, which are covered by Practice E2579.1.4.2 Water-resistive barriers comprised of foam plastic materials contained within the wall system (see 5.3.1).1.4.3 Water vapor retarders used, in conj
6、unction with thermal insulation, on the interior or exterior side of an exterior wall (see3.2.11 and 5.3.1).1.5 Testing is conducted with Test Method E84.1.6 This practice does not provide pass/fail criteria that can be used as a regulatory tool.1.7 Use the values stated in inch-pound units as the s
7、tandard, in referee decisions. The values in the SI system of units are givenin parentheses, for information only; see IEEE/ASTM SI-10 for further details.1.8 This fire standard cannot be used to provide quantitative measures.1.9 Fire testing of products and materials is inherently hazardous, and ad
8、equate safeguards for personnel and property shall beemployed in conducting these tests. Fire testing involves hazardous materials, operations, and equipment. This standard givesinstructions on specimen preparation and mounting, but the fire-test-response method is given inTest Method E84. See also
9、Section10.1.10 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibilityof the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatorylimitations prior to use.1.11 T
10、he text of this standard references notes and footnotes which provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotesshall not be considered requirements of the standard.1.12 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardizationestablis
11、hed in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issuedby the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2C1186 Specification for Flat Fiber-Cement Sheets1 This practice is
12、 under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E05 on Fire Standards and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E05.22 on Surface Burning.Current edition approved June 1, 2015July 1, 2017. Published July 2015July 2017. Originally approved in 2005. Last previous edition approved in 2015 as E2404-15.
13、-15a.DOI: 10.1520/E2404-15A.10.1520/E2404-17.2 For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standardsvolume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page on the ASTM website.This document is
14、 not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Becauseit may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropr
15、iate. In all cases only the current versionof the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States1C1396/C1396M Specification for Gypsum BoardE84 Test Method for S
16、urface Burning Characteristics of Building MaterialsE176 Terminology of Fire StandardsE2573 Practice for Specimen Preparation and Mounting of Site-Fabricated Stretch Systems to Assess Surface BurningCharacteristicsE2579 Practice for Specimen Preparation and Mounting of Wood Products to Assess Surfac
17、e Burning CharacteristicsIEEE/ASTM SI-10 International System of Units (SI): The Modern Metric System2.2 CSA Standard:3CSA O121 Douglas Fir Plywood2.3 NIST Standard:4Voluntary Product Standard PS 1-07 Structural Plywood3. Terminology3.1 DefinitionsFor definitions of terms used in this practice refer
18、 to the terminology contained in Terminology E176.3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.2.1 expanded vinyl wall or ceiling covering, na wall or ceiling covering consisting of a woven textile backing, an expandedvinyl base coat layer (which is a homogeneous vinyl layer that contains a
19、blowing agent), and a nonexpanded vinyl skin coat.3.2.2 paper wall or ceiling covering, na wall or ceiling covering with a top layer consisting of paper or an alternativecellulosic-based material, but not consisting of a wood product.3.2.3 polymeric wall or ceiling covering, na wall or ceiling cover
20、ing with a top layer consisting of polymeric-based material.3.2.4 self-supporting specimen, na specimen that remains in place by its own structural characteristics both before and duringthe fire test.3.2.5 site-fabricated stretch system, na system, fabricated on site and intended for acoustical, tac
21、kable or aesthetic purposes,that is comprised of three elements: (a) a frame (constructed of plastic, wood, metal, or other material) used to hold fabric in place,(b) a core material (infill, with the correct properties for the application), and (c) an outside layer, comprised of a textile, fabricor
22、 vinyl, that is stretched taut and held in place by tension or mechanical fasteners via the frame.3.2.6 textile, noriginally a woven fabric, now generally applied to (1) staple fibers and filaments suitable for conversion toor use as yarns or for the preparation of nonwoven fabrics, (2) yarns made f
23、rom natural or manufactured fibers, and (3) fabricsmade from fibers as defined in (1) and (2) and from yarns.3.2.7 vinyl wall or ceiling covering, na wall or ceiling covering produced by applying a poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC, vinyl)based coating, or laminating a preformed vinyl film, onto a woven or
24、nonwoven fabric substrate or paper.3.2.8 wall or ceiling covering, na textile-, paper- or polymeric (including vinyl) based product designed to be attached to awall or ceiling surface for decorative or acoustical purposes.3.2.8.1 DiscussionWall or ceiling coverings with ink or topcoat layers added a
25、s part of the manufacturing process are included in this definition.3.2.9 wall or ceiling covering system, nan assembly of a textile wall or ceiling covering, a paper wall or ceiling covering ora polymeric (including vinyl) wall or ceiling covering, adhesive (if used), and substrate (if it is part o
26、f the assembly) used as a wallor ceiling treatment for decorative or acoustical purposes.3.2.9.1 DiscussionThe wall or ceiling covering material is usually intended to be directly attached to a substrate, via adhesives or mechanicalfasteners. In some cases the wall or ceiling covering system will be
27、 supported by a frame system some distance away from thewall or ceiling covering material.3.2.10 water-resistive barrier, na material behind an exterior wall covering that is intended to resist liquid water that haspenetrated behind the exterior covering from further intruding into the exterior wall
28、 assembly.3.2.10.1 DiscussionThe definition above is the way that the International Code Council building code defines and uses the term.3 Available from Canadian Standards Association (CSA), 178 Rexdale Blvd., Toronto, ON Canada M9W 1R3.4 Available from National Institute of Standards and Technolog
29、y (NIST), 100 Bureau Dr., Gaithersburg, MD 20899-3460.E2404 1723.2.11 water vapor retarder, na material or system that impedes the transmission of water vapor under specified conditions.3.2.11.1 DiscussionThe definition above is identical to the definitions of water vapor retarder contained in the t
30、erminology standards of ASTMCommittees C16 (on Thermal Insulation) and E06 (on Buildings).4. Summary of Practice4.1 This practice describes procedures for specimen preparation and mounting when testing textile, paper, vinyl, expandedvinyl, or other polymeric wall or ceiling coverings to assess flame
31、 spread and smoke development as surface burning characteristicsusing Test Method E84.4.2 This practice also describes procedures for specimen preparation and mounting for facings or wood veneers intended to beapplied on site over a wood substrate and for water-resistive barriers.5. Significance and
32、 Use5.1 Textile, paper, vinyl, expanded vinyl or other polymeric wall or ceiling coverings and wall or ceiling covering systems usedas interior finish are often evaluated with Test Method E84 to comply with building or life safety code requirements. This practicedescribes specimen preparation and mo
33、unting procedures for such materials and systems.5.2 This practice also describes specimen preparation and mounting procedures for other systems that are evaluated with TestMethod E84 to comply with building or life safety code requirements. Such systems are facings or wood veneers intended to beapp
34、lied on site over a wood substrate and water-resistive barriers.5.3 This practice is not applicable to the following materials:5.3.1 Foam plastic materials used as water-resistive barriers.5.3.2 Water vapor retarders installed over thermal insulation.6. Conditioning6.1 The test specimens shall be co
35、nditioned as described in the section on specimen conditioning in Test Method E84.7. Test Specimens7.1 The test specimen sizes shall comply with those described in the test specimen section of Test Method E84. The testspecimens shall be butted against the vent end of the fire test chamber and shall
36、consist of a continuous, unbroken length, or ofsections joined end-to-end. The test specimens shall have a width of 20 to 24 in. (510 to 610 mm), a length of 24 ft + 12 in. 6 in. (7.32 m + 305 mm 152 mm) and a maximum thickness of 4 in. (101 mm).7.2 The wall covering system test specimens shall be p
37、repared as described in Section 8.8. Test Specimen Preparation8.1 Whenever a wall or ceiling covering system uses an adhesive to attach a wall or ceiling covering material, the adhesivespecified by the manufacturer shall be used for construction of the test specimen in accordance with the wall or ce
38、iling coveringmanufacturer application instructions.8.1.1 If the wall or ceiling covering system is a factory-produced wall panel, the adhesive shall be the same one used in themanufacture of the factory-produced wall or ceiling panel.8.2 Wall or Ceiling Coverings Intended to be Applied Directly to
39、a Noncombustible Wall or Ceiling SurfaceIf the wall orceiling coverings are intended to be applied directly to a noncombustible wall or ceiling surface, the specimens shall consist ofthe wall or ceiling covering mounted on a 14 in. (6.3 mm) thick fiber-cement board, complying with Specification C118
40、6 (GradeII) and the requirements contained in the Annex on Fiber-Cement Board Requirements of Test Method E84. Mount the specimenson the ledges of the Test Method E84 furnace without using additional means of support.8.3 Wall or Ceiling Coverings Intended to be Applied over Gypsum BoardIf the wall o
41、r ceiling coverings are intended to beapplied over gypsum board, the specimens shall consist of the wall or ceiling covering mounted on a 58 in. (15.9 mm) thick TypeX gypsum board, complying with Specification C1396/C1396M. The gypsum board shall not be required to be mounted on studs.Mount the spec
42、imens on the ledges of the Test Method E84 furnace without using additional means of support.8.3.1 Whenever a wall or ceiling covering has been tested using the test specimen described in 8.3 (over gypsum board), it shallnot be required to be additionally tested mounted on a fiber-cement board.8.4 W
43、all or Ceiling Coverings Intended to be Applied over a Wood SubstrateIf the wall or ceiling coverings are intended tobe applied over a wood substrate, the specimens shall consist of the wall or ceiling covering mounted on untreated plywood, witha face veneer of Douglas fir. The plywood shall have th
44、e same thickness as the wood substrate used in field practice, and shallE2404 173comply with NISTVoluntary Product Standard PS 1-07, Structural Plywood. The plywood shall carry a grade stamp indicating thatthe plywood has been graded PS 1-07 A-B and is for exterior exposure. The plywood shall contai
45、n a grade stamp issued by aquality control agency.Alternatively, the plywood shall be permitted to be stamped as conforming to CSAStandard O121 (Douglasfir plywood). Mount the specimens on the ledges of the Test Method E84 furnace without using an additional means of support.8.5 Wall or Ceiling Cove
46、rings Intended to be Applied over Substrates other than Wood, Gypsum Board or NoncombustibleSurfacesIf the wall or ceiling coverings are intended to be applied over substrates other than wood, gypsum board ornoncombustible surfaces, the specimens shall consist of the wall or ceiling covering mounted
47、 on the substrate to be used in fieldpractice. Mount the specimens on the ledges of the Test Method E84 furnace without using an additional means of support.8.6 Wall or Ceiling Coverings Not Intended to be Adhered Directly to a Wall or Ceiling Surface, but Intended to be OtherwiseSupported by Framin
48、g or a Track SystemThe specimens shall be prepared in accordance with the requirements of PracticeE2573, in the same way that specimens of site-fabricated stretch systems are prepared.8.7 Facings or Wood Veneers Intended to be Applied On-site Over a Wood Substrate:8.7.1 If the facing or wood veneer
49、is intended to be applied on-site over a wood substrate, the specimens shall comply with8.7.1.1 as well as with 8.1.8.7.1.1 The specimens shall consist of the facing or wood veneer mounted on the “A” face of nominal 1532 in. untreated plywoodwith a face veneer of Douglas fir. The plywood shall comply with NIST Voluntary Product Standard PS 1-07. The plywood shallcarry the grade stamp of either APA-The Engineered Wood Association5 or TECO6, indicating that the plywood has been gradedPS 1-07A-C and is for exterior exposure.Alternatively, the plywood shall
